The Race for Empires

Martin Luther

Martin Luther

• German priest

• Had issues with the Roman Catholic Church

Martin Luther

• Nailed criticisms on

the church door

Why would he do this?

More Martin Luther…

• He thought the Roman Catholic Church was too wealthy.

• He also thought they abused their power.

• This started the Protestant Reformation in 1517.

PROTESTant

• Protest - the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval

REFORMation

• Reform - a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses .

• Does this fit what Martin Luther was trying to do?

Protestants

• Reformers who protested some of the practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Protestant Reformation

• Started in Germany with Martin Luther

• Spread to France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and England.

Protestant Reformation

• Widespread fighting between Catholics and Protestants in Europe

England vs. Spain

• King Philip II of Spain fought against the Protestant Reformation

England vs. Spain

• Elizabeth I of England

• Her father founded the Church of England

• Also known as the Anglican Church

Sea Dogs

• Elizabeth secretly encouraged them to fight Philip.

Spanish Armada

• Huge fleet of ships put together by Philip of Spain to overthrow Elizabeth and the Anglican Church.

Armada Defeated !!

• Smaller, faster British ships sank much of the Armada in battle.

• Stormy weather destroyed many of the ships that were left

Spain’s decline

• Wealth from the Americas made Spain very wealthy.

• Inflation became a huge problem

Northwest Passage

• A way through or around North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean

Henry Hudson

• English sailor hired by the Dutch to find a Northwest Passage

• Didn’t find the passage

He found New York!

Bad News

• Unfortunately his crew mutinied and left Hudson and his son in a rowboat.

• They were never seen again.

• The crew returned to England.

Early French Settlements

• 1604 – Jacques Cartier

• Nova Scotia

• New Brunswick

• Maine

French & fur trade

• Great Lakes Region & St. Lawrence River

• Traded with American Indians for furs which were shipped to France

• French & American Indians became allies

France expands in North America

• LaSalle follows Mississippi River and claims the Mississippi River Valley for France.

• He calls it Louisiana

French in North America

• Built forts in Detroit, St. Louis, New Orleans on the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River.

Dutch & English Settlements

• The Dutch were drawn to North America by the fur trade.

• Claimed land that is now parts of CN, DE, NJ, & NY.

• Purchased land that is now Manhattan and founded the settlement of New Amsterdam

• Dutch were tolerant of other religions.

Charter

• Definition – written permission to form a colony.

Sir Walter Raleigh

Sir Walter Raleigh

• Founded a colony on Roanoke Island in Virginia/NC

• Fought w/ Native Am

• Trouble finding food

• Remaining settlers went home

Roanoke Island

• Resettled by John White a year later.

• Returned three years later to find it deserted.