the real costs of nuclear power
TRANSCRIPT
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 1/40
The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
Dr. Sanghamitra Gadekar
Dr. Surendra Gadekar
Sampoorna Kranti Vidyalaya
Vedchhi District: Surat Gujarat
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 2/40
Democracy and Development
Democracy means people's choice
Choice needs to be an informed choice. Bothbenefits and costs need to be wellunderstood.
All forms of electricity generation have coststhat need to be paid
The experience of sixty years of developmenthas shown that some have lost and someothers have gained.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 3/40
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 4/40
Can Nuclear Energy Fulfil India’sFuture Energy Needs?
Electricity and Energy are not the same
In no country is electricity penetration of the economy more than 30%. In Indiait is at present 11%.
Nuclear energy can only meet some of the electricity needs. At best it can be
an answer to only a third of the
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 5/40
Nuclear is not the way towardsEnergy Security
Indian ores are the poorest being minedanywhere in the world
For nuclear expansion there is no alternativebut import of uranium
Imports come attached with strings
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 6/40
Nuclear Dreams Dependent onUnknown Technology
• Breeders and ThoriumNot successfully demonstrated anywhere in the
world
Far more expensive than the present oncethrough cycle
More dangerous in safety terms
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 7/40
Cultural Characteristics
of the InstrumentDisregard for proper procedure
Lies and Misinformation Galore
Discrimination against low wage workers
A propensity for shoddy work
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 8/40
Disregard for Proper Procedure
Even before 123, Nucleocrats are off
their marks and running wild
Prepare EIA. Invite comments. Hold public
hearing. Make financial outlays. Issue notices
under section 4(1). Get objections. Negotiate
prices. Issue further notices...People have already been served with land
acquisition notices under section 17 (Emergency
provisions) with no right to appeal
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 9/40
Lies and Misinformation Galore
Preliminary surveys are conducted
under false pretenses
Sanavada: Granite roads so that tanks canroll on easily into Pakistan
Loharki (Pokran): Oil exploration
Maadban (Jaitapur): Bauxite exploration
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 10/40
Two Contradictory Statements
“The GOI has sanctioned 2X1000 MW LWRtype reactor units at Madban as Jaitapur NPP. The type of units is not yet decided andhence cost figures are not available.” 17.7.07
“It is proposed to install 6X1650
MW capacity PWR units at the
Jaitapur site to harness nuclear
power.” May '07
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 11/40
Innocuous Zone IV
“Proposed Jaitapur site is not
earthquake prone.”
88 quakes of intensity > 3 have beenrecorded during the period 1986-2005 In 1993 there was a quake of intensity 6.3
and a further two of intensity > 5.1
In 2000 there were two shocks of intensity5.2 and one of intensity 5
The Koyna shock of 1967 at the site was of intensity 6.5
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 12/40
Lies and Misinformation Galore
“The land at the proposed Jaitapur
site is government owned and is
barren.” Horticultural land nil. If such is the case then how come
427 families have been served
with land acquisition notices and
compensation of Rs 127620 for
losses suffered by the mango
crop was paid in 2005.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 13/40
Discrimination Against LowWage Workers and Villagers
The officers' colony is always located 10 kmsfrom the plant site. They along with other operating staff commute daily to work.
The construction workers colony will belocated just 1.6 km from the reactors. Therewill also be no displacement of villagers sincethere are none housed within 1.6 km. It isperfectly safe to live just outside the 1.6 kmperimeter.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 14/40
Discrimination AgainstContract Workers
Contract workers do the most
dangerous and dirty jobs but arenot entitled to any benefits
enjoyed by salaried employees. Most
disgracefully they do not get
admission to the plant hospital or any other medical benefit.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 15/40
Shoddy Work Practices
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 16/40
Shoddy Work Practices
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 17/40
Dirty and Dangerous
According to the Tarapur Nuclear Power Station Annual Performance Report for theyear 1985 radiation levels in various parts of
the reactor building were ten to five hundredtimes higher than what was expected bydesign. This situation had prevailed for manyyears. The radiation levels in the turbine
building were 1.5 to 2 times higher thanexpected. They were six to eight times higher in the radwaste building.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 18/40
Year Tritium
(TBq)
Pickering
(4320 MW)
Tritium found in
2-20 km in Bq/m3
RAPP Pickering
1986 661 2.6
1987 1121 1.1
1988 1028 1.3
1989 1471 1463 0.9 22
1990 2566 908 1.0 17
“Routine Emissions”
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 19/40
Emergency 'Preparedness'
In case of off-siteemergency needingevacuation it is
planned to take thewhole population of Mandvi (> 15000) toa primary school in
Mangrol that cannothold even 200packed like sardines
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 20/40
Pre-operational Environmental'Surveillance'
Village Population
BARC 2007
No. of
Houses
Population
Panchayat
No. of
Houses
Maadban 536 87 891 229Jaitapur 297 72 1491 342
Tulsundewadi 670 153 1240 294
Dale 658 159 1259 296
Comparison of population and number of households of some villages between paper published by BARC and local panchayat
sarpanches of the concerned villages
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 21/40
Nearby
Villages
Distant
Villages
Total Number of Houses Surveyed 920 469
Male
s
Female
s
Males Females
Total Population 2602 2548 1286 1206
Persons older than 35 years 594 624 289 310
Persons > 35 with congenital
deformity
2 1 1 2
Persons <= 35 with congenital
deformity
33 27 6 4
Persons with multiple deformities 13 7 0 1
Total Number of congenital 54 32 7 7
Consequences:Jaduguda
A Significant Rise in Congenital Deformities
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 22/40
UraniumWorker
s
U Workerswith TB
U Non-Workers
U Non-workerswith TB
Nearby villages 603 25(4146/100000)
4547 11(242/100000)
Distant Villages 13 0(0/100000)
2479 8(310/10000
0)
Jaduguda: Respiratory Problems National average of TB: 187/100,000 Permissible exposure limit (PEL) for silica dust
in India is 1.5 times that allowed in USA Risk of silicosis is estimated to be 77% for a
lifetime exposure to silica at PEL Not a single case of silicosis diagnosed by UCIL
doctors amongst uranium workers
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 23/40
Dead Men Do Tell Tales
Of the 20 deaths amongst children (< 20years) in villages near Jaduguda, there were13 males and 7 females. 8 had deformities.
Of the 78 deaths amongst adults (>= 20years) in villages near Jaduguda, there were53 males and 25 females. While death due to
chronic lung disease is just 12% amongstwomen, it is a huge 41.5% amongst men.
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 24/40
Rawatbhata
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 25/40
Rawatbhata: Solid Tumours
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 26/40
Rawatbhata
Extraordinary rise in congenital deformities Miscarriages, stillbirths and one day deaths
of new born babies significantly higher Significant increases in chronic diseases
especially amongst young Solid tumours significantly higher People die eleven years younger Significantly lesser number of households
with electricity connections
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 27/40
Not Just Statistics
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 28/40
Gandhar
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 29/40
Sumitra
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 30/40
Nandalalji
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 31/40
Dhapobai
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 32/40
Nandakuvar
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 33/40
Badri
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 34/40
Munni
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 35/40
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 36/40
Dinesh
P
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 37/40
Pappu
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 38/40
Banwari
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 39/40
Guddu
7/28/2019 The Real Costs of Nuclear Power
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-real-costs-of-nuclear-power 40/40
Ramdayal