the red sea rifting: tectonic history and stratigraphic successions
TRANSCRIPT
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The Red Sea rifting: Tectonic history and Stratigraphic successions
By:
Abdullah [email protected]
KFUPMEarth Science Department
May 05, 2015
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Outline• Introduction.• Tectonic History of the Red Sea.• The Red Sea stratigraphy and Petroleum System.• Geology and Stratigraphy of Midyan, SA.• Conclusion.
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Introduction
(Bosworth et al., 2005)
AFFZ = Alula-Fartaq fracture zone;BM = Bab al Mandeb;D = Danakil horst;DA = Dahlak archipelago; ET = Ethiopian trap series;G = Cape Gwardafuy;GOA = Gulf of Aqaba;GOS = Gulf of Suez; MAP = Makran accretionary prism;MER = main Ethiopian rift; MS = Mesozoic Marib-Shabwa (Sab’atayn) Basin;SI = Socotra Island; SOC = Semail oceanic crust; SR = Sheba Ridge;S = Shukra al Sheik discontinuity;RS = Ras Sharbithat; YT = Yemen trap series;ZI = Zabargad Island
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Introduction
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Objectives• To demonstrate the tectonic history and the Stratigraphic
succession of the Red Sea.
• To demonstrate the Cenozoic Stratigraphy of Midyan Region, Saudi Arabia.
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Tectonic History of the Red Sea
(Bosworth et al., 2005)
Early
Olig
ocen
eO
ligoc
ene–
Mio
cene
tran
sitio
n
Mid
dle
Mio
cene
Late
Olig
ocen
e
Oceanic spreading started on eastern Sheba Ridge by 19 Ma
Palin
spas
tic re
stor
ation
of t
he R
ed S
ea–G
ulf o
f Ade
n rift
syst
em
-397 Middle East Geology -Geol 501-142(Bosworth et al., 2005)
Early
Lat
e M
ioce
nePr
esen
t-day
situ
ation
Prop
osed
futu
re g
eom
etry
Mio
cene
–Plio
cene
tran
sitio
n
Palin
spas
tic re
stor
ation
of t
he R
ed S
ea–G
ulf o
f Ade
n rift
syst
em
Tectonic History of the Red Sea
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Summary of Tectonic History of the Red SeaEarly Oligocene Afar plume initiation & older Harrats formation.
Late Oligocene Gulf of Aden initiation & Eritrean Red Sea continental rift.
Oligocene–Miocene transition
Rapid spread of extension throughout Red Sea.
Middle Miocene
Onset of Aqaba–Levant transform boundary and by-passing of Gulf of Suez basin
Oceanic spreading started on eastern Sheba Ridge by 19 Ma.
Early Late Miocene Rift–drift transition in central Gulf of Aden.
Miocene–Pliocene transition
Rift–drift transition in south-central Red Sea, jump of spreading west of 45E in Gulf of Aden (perhaps 3 Ma), and acceleration of Aqaba–
Levant movement.Tect
onic
Hist
ory
of
the
Red
Sea
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Arabian Plate Reconstruction, Early Cenozoic to latest Eocene.
(Sharland et al,. 2001)
Tect
onic
Hist
ory
of
the
Red
Sea
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Arabian Plate, latest Eocene to Present.
(Sharland et al,. 2001)
Tect
onic
Hist
ory
of
the
Red
Sea
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Stratigraphic correlation a long the length of the red sea
(Bosworth et al., 2005)
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Chronostratigraphic section for AP11.
(Sharland et al,. 2001)
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Stratigraphy of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Source : (Hughes et al,. 2005)
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Stratigraphy of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Source : (Hughes et al,. 2005)
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Stratigraphy of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
Source : (Hughes et al,. 2005)
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Cenozoic Stratigraphy of Midyan, Saudi Arabia
(Bosworth et al., 2005)
(Hughes et al., 1999)
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Satellite image Midyan, Saudi Arabia
(Hughes et al., 1999)
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Geologic map of Midyan, Saudi Arabia
(Hughes et al., 1999)
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Stratigraphy- Midyan, Saudi Arabia
(Hughes et al., 1999)
Fluvio-lacustrine
Restricted marine
Intertidal-shallow marine
Bathyal
Turbidites
Bathyal
Hypersaline submarine
Deep Hypersaline marine
Shallow to marginal-marine
Fluvial & delta-plain
Paleoevnironment
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Conclusion• The Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea rifting were initiated in Late
Oligocene, ~25 Ma.• The Triple Junction lying above the Afar Hot Spot is RRR type. • AP11 lasted 34 Ma is defined as the package of sediments lying
between the unconformity marking both the onset of Red Sea rifting and the first continent-continent collision, Zagros collision.
• Several tectonic phases are defined that fall into the categories of pre-rift, syn-rift, and post-rift.
• The Red Sea current reservoirs are : Jabal Kibrit, Umm luj mbr, Wadi Waqb mbr, and Burqan formation.
• AlWajh formation is considered as a prospective reservoir.• The Midyan region provides a unique view of the Red Sea subsurface
stratigraphy of Saudi Arabia.
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References• Bosworth, W., Huchon, P., & McClay, K. (2005). The red sea and gulf of Aden basins.
Journal of African Earth Sciences, 43(1), 334-378.
• Hughes, G. W., Perincek, D., Grainger, D. J., Abu-Bshait, A. J., & Jarad, A. R. M. (1999). Lithostratigraphy and depositional history of part of the Midyan region, northwestern Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia, 4(4), 500-542.
• Hughes, G. W. A., & Johnson, R. S. (2005). Lithostratigraphy of the Red Sea region. GeoArabia, 10(3), 49-126.
• Sharland, P. R., Archer, R., Casey, D. M., Davies, R. B., Hall, S. H., Heward, A. P., ... & Simmons, M. D. (2001). Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy. GeoArabia.