Slide 1

Section 1: The Renaissance in Italy The Renaissance and Reformation I. Renaissance= Rebirth Period begun by Italys educated to recreate the culture of Greece and Rome.

II. Causes of the Renaissance End of Feudalism End of PlaguesEnd of Riots Improvement in trade industry Improvement in livestock productionImprovement in peasant life

III. Where did the Renaissance Begin? a. Began in the heart of Italy (Florence) because: i. Italy had been the center of the Roman Empire. ii. Religious center (Christianity- Pope of Rome)iii. Start of craft guilds (wool)

iv. Serfs were given more freedom v. Improvement in Bookkeeping Methods (Fibbonacci) vi. Development in urban centers.vii. Presence and success of middle class. viii. Humanistic philosophy or values.

IV. Humanism-philosophy which stressed: a. Self worth of the individual i. Portraitsii. Autobiographiesiii. Artists wanted to be known for their creations

b. Love of Learning and the Artsi. Establishment of many universitiesii. Funding of education by the Catholic Church and wealthy aristocrats.iii. Stressed Latin & Greek and development iv. Translated the Biblev. Taught less Bible and more Classic Literature

C. Enjoyment of Worldly Pleasuresa. Fancy materials and luxuriesb. Tasty foodsc. Goods traded

V. Achievements a. Art i. Studied classical models1. work reflected the realism & grace of ancient styles2. experimented with new paints & techniques

ii. Developed perspective- a method of painting that makes objects or scenes appear 3D.

3. artistsa. Raphael b. Da Vincic. Michelangelod. women: i. Kept their work secret

ii. Sofonisba Anguissola-court painter to King Philip II of Spain

b. Literature i. Topics ranged from religious to secular subjects1. Miguel de Cervantes- Don Quixote2. Shakespeare3. Francesco Petrarch- Sonnets to Laura

C. Printing Pressi. Johann Gutenberg- movable typeii. 1455 press used to produce the first Bible printed by machineiii. Books no longer had to be copied by handiv. Helped spread the new learning/people were literate

VI. Period of Great Discovery and Exploration a. Why Explore? i. New Technology- caravel, compass, astrolabeii. Geography- Ptolemy iii. Self Confidence of the Renaissance

b. Effects of Exploration i. Map coast of Africa (west coast) ii. Two new continents discovered and explorediii. Magellan circumnavigatediv. Effects of the Exploration of the New World1. Colonies in the New World2. New foods