THE RENAISSANCE

• Renaissance- means rebirth, revival in art, literature, science, politics, economy, medicine

Southern RenaissanceHappened in Italy

(cities of Milan, Florence, Venice, Genoa)

Trading centers, wealthy

Wealthy business men spent $ on arts and education

The Medici of FlorenceCity-states were independent

Merchants- rich, involved in politics, earned status w/ success

The Medici family- wealthy & powerful in Florence

Lorenzo the Magnificent

New Education• Humanism- focuses on individual potential

and accomplishments, less emphasis on the church, more individual creativity

• The Humanities- subjects like history, poetry, philosophy, rhetoric

“Renaissance Man” master of many subjects and talents (writer, artist, musician and athlete)

“Renaissance Woman” studied many subjects, mostly in private, women were to inspire art, not create it

Renaissance Art• painted in realistic view, religious subjects,

portraits• Perspective- gives 3-D look

Leonardo da Vinci

A realist- studied music, botany, architecture, anatomy (dead bodies to improve his painting), drew early flying machines and submarines

THE MONA LISA

Mona Lisa

The Last Supper

Vitruvian Man

Da Vinci Flying Machine

MichelangeloSculptor, painter, engineer,

architect, poet

Statue of David (18’) w/ Greek influence

Sistine Chapel ceiling (took 4 yrs)

Designed dome on St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome

Dome of St Peter's - 1564

RaphaelStudied da Vinci and

Michelangelo

Painted the Madonna (Mary) w/ Child (Jesus)

Painted walls in the Vatican

Renaissance LiteratureWritten in the vernacular (not

Latin), individual ideas, Many “How To” books

The Book of the Courtier Baldassare Castiglione- How to be a Renaissance Man well-mannered, master of many subjects, educated, athletic

The Prince - Machiavelli- guide to success in politics (lie, cheat, steal vs. honesty & integrity)

“...it is far better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both.”

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

NORTHERN RENAISSANCEDeveloped later than in Italy-

recovering from the plague and Hundred Years war

Began in the Flanders Region (N. France, Belgium, Netherlands)

Northern Renaissance Art

Jan and Hubert Van Eyck- oil paints, scenes of daily life, religion

Pieter Brueghel- vivid color, commoners

Albrecht Durer- (German) engravings on plates to make prints, art now available

NORTHERN RENAISSANCE WRITINGDesiderius Erasmus- Dutch,

translated the Bible to the vernacular, wrote about church corruption

Thomas More- England, wrote Utopia, about an ideal society (no greed, crime, corruption or war)

William Shakespeare

English poet & playwrightwrote 37 plays b/t 1590-1613, comedies,

tragedies and historical plays (A Midsummer’s Night Dream, Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar),

often dealt with human flaws & errorsover 1700 words appear for the 1st time

(bedroom, lonely, hurry, sneak, etc.)

Miguel de CervantesSpain- wrote “Don Quixote”parody of chivalry

Printing RevolutionJohann Gutenberg (German)1st printing press

First edition Bible in 1456

By 1500- 20 million books printed in Europe, all subjects, ideas spread, books affordable

Bible read and interpreted by many who wanted religious reform