The Revolutionary The Revolutionary PeriodPeriod

Who founded Who founded Jamestown?Jamestown?

• Virginia Company of Virginia Company of LondonLondon

When was When was Jamestown founded?Jamestown founded?

• 16071607

What was the first What was the first permanent English permanent English

settlement in settlement in North America?North America?

• JamestownJamestown

Where was the first Where was the first permanent French permanent French

settlement in settlement in North America?North America?

• QuebecQuebec

Who founded the first Who founded the first permanent French permanent French

settlement in settlement in North America?North America?

• Samuel de ChamplainSamuel de Champlain

In what present-day In what present-day country was the country was the

Quebec settlement Quebec settlement located?located?

• CanadaCanada

What was the economic What was the economic basis of France’s basis of France’s

colonial empire in colonial empire in North America?North America?

• Fur-tradingFur-trading

In the 18In the 18thth century century what nation became what nation became England’s chief rival England’s chief rival

for colonial territory in for colonial territory in North America?North America?

• FranceFrance

When was the When was the French and Indian War?French and Indian War?

• 1754-17631754-1763

What was the French and What was the French and Indian War called in Indian War called in

Europe?Europe?

• Seven Years’ WarSeven Years’ War

Who were the two chief Who were the two chief opponents in the French opponents in the French

and Indian War?and Indian War?

• Great BritainGreat Britain

• FranceFrance

Who won the Who won the French and Indian War?French and Indian War?

• The BritishThe British

What was the main What was the main result of the result of the

French and Indian War?French and Indian War?

• British drove the French out British drove the French out of Canada and the territories of Canada and the territories west of the Appalachian west of the Appalachian MountainsMountains

What did the What did the Proclamation of 1763 Proclamation of 1763

do?do?

• Prohibited the colonists Prohibited the colonists from settling west of the from settling west of the Appalachian MountainsAppalachian Mountains

What three things did What three things did the British government the British government hope to achieve by the hope to achieve by the Proclamation of 1763?Proclamation of 1763?

• Protect the friendly IndiansProtect the friendly Indians

• Reduce conflict between the Reduce conflict between the Indians and the colonistsIndians and the colonists

• Make it less expensive for Make it less expensive for the British army to protect the British army to protect the Westthe West

In order to win the war In order to win the war against France, what was it against France, what was it

necessary for the British necessary for the British government to do?government to do?

• British government British government went into debtwent into debt

What expenses did the What expenses did the British government have British government have

in North America?in North America?

• The cost of troops to protect The cost of troops to protect the American colonists from the American colonists from Indian attacksIndian attacks

What is Parliament?What is Parliament?

• Great Britain’s Great Britain’s lawmaking bodylawmaking body

For what two reasons did For what two reasons did Parliament pass taxes on the Parliament pass taxes on the American colonies after the American colonies after the

French and Indian War?French and Indian War?

• Huge war debtHuge war debt

• Cost of British troops to Cost of British troops to protect the American protect the American colonistscolonists

What was the What was the Sugar Act?Sugar Act?

• Tax on French Tax on French molasses imported into molasses imported into the American coloniesthe American colonies

What is another name What is another name for a customs duty?for a customs duty?

• A tariffA tariff

What is a tariff?What is a tariff?

• A tax on imported A tax on imported goodsgoods

Were the British customs Were the British customs duties the same thing as duties the same thing as

tariffs or taxes on imports?tariffs or taxes on imports?

• YesYes

What was the What was the Stamp Act?Stamp Act?

• A tax on newspapers and A tax on newspapers and all legal documents issued all legal documents issued in the American coloniesin the American colonies

Why did the American Why did the American colonists oppose both the colonists oppose both the

Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?

• Colonists believed only a Colonists believed only a colony’s elected assembly colony’s elected assembly or lawmaking body could or lawmaking body could lay taxes on that colonylay taxes on that colony

What became a popular What became a popular slogan in the slogan in the

American colonies?American colonies?

• ““No taxation without No taxation without representation!”representation!”

How did Parliament respond How did Parliament respond to colonial resistance to to colonial resistance to

the Stamp Act?the Stamp Act?

• Repealed itRepealed it

What does it mean to What does it mean to repeal a law?repeal a law?

• Do away with itDo away with it

• It is no longer a law.It is no longer a law.

What is revenue?What is revenue?

• Tax moneyTax money

What were the What were the Townshend Acts?Townshend Acts?

• British laws that placed British laws that placed customs duties or tariffs customs duties or tariffs on glass, paper, paint, on glass, paper, paint, lead, and tealead, and tea

How did the American How did the American colonists react to the colonists react to the

Townshend Acts?Townshend Acts?

• Opposed themOpposed them

• Said Parliament had no right Said Parliament had no right to tax the colonists, because to tax the colonists, because Americans had Americans had nono representation in Parliamentrepresentation in Parliament

Were the American Were the American colonists represented colonists represented

in Parliament?in Parliament?

• NoNo

What does a What does a legislative body do?legislative body do?

• Makes lawsMakes laws

How did Parliament How did Parliament respond to American respond to American

opposition to the opposition to the Townshend Acts?Townshend Acts?

• Repealed all the duties, Repealed all the duties, except the tax on teaexcept the tax on tea

What 1770 clash between What 1770 clash between British troops and a Boston British troops and a Boston

mob resulted in the deaths of mob resulted in the deaths of five colonists?five colonists?

• The Boston MassacreThe Boston Massacre

What law gave a monopoly What law gave a monopoly over the American tea trade to over the American tea trade to

the financially struggling the financially struggling British East Indian Company?British East Indian Company?

• The Tea ActThe Tea Act

Why did Parliament pass the Why did Parliament pass the Tea Act?Tea Act?

• Hoped American tea sales Hoped American tea sales would save the East India would save the East India Company from bankruptcyCompany from bankruptcy

Why did the American Why did the American colonists oppose the Tea Act?colonists oppose the Tea Act?

• Thought it was a British Thought it was a British attempt to trick the colonists attempt to trick the colonists into paying the Townshend into paying the Townshend tax on teatax on tea

At what event did Bostonians At what event did Bostonians dress up like Indians and dress up like Indians and

throw East India Company tea throw East India Company tea into Boston Harbor?into Boston Harbor?

• The Boston Tea PartyThe Boston Tea Party

How did Parliament respond How did Parliament respond to the Boston Tea Party?to the Boston Tea Party?

• Passed laws to punish the Passed laws to punish the people of Boston and the people of Boston and the colony of Massachusettscolony of Massachusetts

To what meeting did all the 13 To what meeting did all the 13 colonies, except Georgia, colonies, except Georgia,

send delegates to discuss send delegates to discuss the actions of the the actions of the

British government?British government?

• First Continental CongressFirst Continental Congress

Why was the First Continental Why was the First Continental Congress important?Congress important?

• It was the first time most of It was the first time most of the colonies had acted the colonies had acted together.together.

What were the members What were the members of New England’s of New England’s

militia called?militia called?

•MinutemenMinutemen

Where did the Where did the Revolutionary War Revolutionary War

begin?begin?

• Lexington and Concord, Lexington and Concord, MassachusettsMassachusetts

When did the When did the Revolutionary War begin?Revolutionary War begin?

• April, 1775April, 1775

Who wrote the Who wrote the Declaration Declaration of Independenceof Independence??

• Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

When did the Continental When did the Continental Congress adopt the Congress adopt the

Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence??

• July 4, 1776July 4, 1776

What did the What did the Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence do? do?

• Declared the 13 American Declared the 13 American colonies to be independent colonies to be independent from Great Britainfrom Great Britain

Into what 3 groups did the Into what 3 groups did the American colonists divide American colonists divide

during the American during the American Revolution?Revolution?

• PatriotsPatriots

• Tories or LoyalistsTories or Loyalists

• NeutralsNeutrals

What group of Americans What group of Americans believed in complete believed in complete

independence from England?independence from England?

• PatriotsPatriots

Who was Patrick Henry and Who was Patrick Henry and what did he say in his what did he say in his

famous speech?famous speech?

• Patriot leader from VirginiaPatriot leader from Virginia

• ““Give me liberty or give me Give me liberty or give me death!”death!”

Which army was the Which army was the Continental Army?Continental Army?

• American ArmyAmerican Army

Which group of colonists Which group of colonists provided the soldiers for provided the soldiers for the Continental Army?the Continental Army?

• PatriotsPatriots

What was another name What was another name for the Loyalists?for the Loyalists?

• ToriesTories

To whom did the Tories To whom did the Tories remain loyal during the remain loyal during the

Revolutionary War?Revolutionary War?

• Great BritainGreat Britain

Give 2 reasons why the Give 2 reasons why the Tories remained loyal to Tories remained loyal to

Great Britain.Great Britain.

• Close cultural and economic Close cultural and economic tiesties

• American colonists should American colonists should be willing to pay taxes to be willing to pay taxes to help pay the cost of British help pay the cost of British troops, who were protecting troops, who were protecting the Americans from Indian the Americans from Indian attack.attack.

Why did the Americans win Why did the Americans win the war for independence?the war for independence?

• British government grew British government grew tired of the war soon after tired of the war soon after the French agreed to help the French agreed to help the Americansthe Americans

What battle was the military What battle was the military turning point of the turning point of the Revolutionary War?Revolutionary War?

• Battle of SaratogaBattle of Saratoga

What happened at the What happened at the Battle of Saratoga?Battle of Saratoga?

• Americans defeated a major Americans defeated a major British army at Saratoga, British army at Saratoga, New York.New York.

What American negotiated What American negotiated a treaty of alliance with a treaty of alliance with

France in 1778?France in 1778?

• Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin

What does one call a formal What does one call a formal agreement between agreement between

two or more countries?two or more countries?

• A treatyA treaty

What does one call a treaty What does one call a treaty of friendship between two of friendship between two

or more countries?or more countries?

• An allianceAn alliance

What does one call one What does one call one nation’s dealings with nation’s dealings with

foreign countries?foreign countries?

• DiplomacyDiplomacy

What action did France take What action did France take against Great Britain in against Great Britain in

1778?1778?

• Declared war on BritainDeclared war on Britain

How did the British people’s How did the British people’s attitude towards the attitude towards the

Revolutionary War change, as Revolutionary War change, as the war dragged on?the war dragged on?

• The war lost popular The war lost popular support in Great Britain.support in Great Britain.

Why was George Why was George Washington a good Washington a good

commander-in-chief of the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army?Continental Army?

• Avoided any situation that Avoided any situation that threatened the destruction threatened the destruction of the American armyof the American army

• Kept the army together, Kept the army together, when it looked like it faced when it looked like it faced defeat early in the wardefeat early in the war

What nation gave the United What nation gave the United States the most help in States the most help in

winning independence from winning independence from Great Britain?Great Britain?

• FranceFrance

What happened at the What happened at the Battle of Yorktown?Battle of Yorktown?

• Americans under Washington Americans under Washington and the French under Lafayette and the French under Lafayette defeated the British army under defeated the British army under Lord CornwallisLord Cornwallis

What two factors contributed What two factors contributed to the American victory in the to the American victory in the

Revolutionary War?Revolutionary War?

• Diplomatic factorsDiplomatic factors

• Military factorsMilitary factors