the rise of citizen cyberscience and its impact on professional research dr. miguel angel marquina...

The rise of Citizen The rise of Citizen CyberscienceCyberscience

and its impact on and its impact on professional researchprofessional research

Dr. Miguel Angel MarquinaDr. Miguel Angel Marquina

CERN, SwitzerlandCERN, Switzerland

Open Science & Educ. Poland - April 13, 2012

Role of Citizen Cyberscience… Miguel Angel Marquina

Another Slant on Open ScienceAnother Slant on Open ScienceCitizens vs ResearchersCitizens vs Researchers

In Science and Innovation, can ordinary In Science and Innovation, can ordinary citizens…citizens…

Co-fund it with their own means?Co-fund it with their own means? Influence (proactively) its trends?Influence (proactively) its trends? Participate (meaningfully) in its Participate (meaningfully) in its

progress?progress?



Assets in the hands of Assets in the hands of citizenscitizens

Around the world there are...Around the world there are... 1000-2000 million computers1000-2000 million computers and and

devices alike (game consoles, devices alike (game consoles, intelligent electrical appliances…)intelligent electrical appliances…)

5000 million mobile5000 million mobile, smartphone , smartphone and tabletand tablets – location+imaging s – location+imaging enabledenabled

in the hands of in the hands of 7000 million humans7000 million humans



Science and InnovationScience and InnovationTraditional approachTraditional approach

Sizeable infrastructures (R&D sites, Sizeable infrastructures (R&D sites, labs, universities)labs, universities)

Work developed in teamsWork developed in teams Relevance Relevance

assessed/ranked/approved by assessed/ranked/approved by restricted bodies of expertsrestricted bodies of experts

Institutional fundingInstitutional funding Direct impact on society may not be Direct impact on society may not be

a prime directivea prime directive



Science and InnovationScience and InnovationImagine…Imagine…

What if citizens could contribute… What if citizens could contribute… their computerstheir computers their mobile devicestheir mobile devices their own brain powertheir own brain power

to R&D projects?to R&D projects?



Science and InnovationScience and Innovation“Citizen” approach“Citizen” approach

Individual researchers may Individual researchers may explore explore novel ideasnovel ideas without without engagengaging ing institutional institutional resourcesresources

Funding bFunding basedased on attracting on attracting volunteersvolunteers to their cause to their cause

Expert aExpert assessment shifts to ssessment shifts to ““Selected by Selected by popular demand”popular demand”

Impact on society Impact on society – citizens drive it– citizens drive it

Citizen CyberscienceCitizen CyberscienceVolunteer ComputingVolunteer Computing

Contribution: Passive – volunteer’s Contribution: Passive – volunteer’s CPUsCPUs

Most projects based on aMost projects based on an open-n open-source platformsource platform called BOINC called BOINC

http://http://boinc.berkeley.eduboinc.berkeley.edu



Physics (Physics (e.g. e.g. CERN)CERN)

LHC@homeLHC@home http://http://cern.chcern.ch//LHCathomeLHCathome SixtrackSixtrack 700 years700 yearsT4TT4T 44K CPUs44K CPUs

GEANT(4) studiesGEANT(4) studiesInteractions of particles/radiation with matterInteractions of particles/radiation with matter

Popular code in Medical PhysicsPopular code in Medical Physics GARFIELD – GARFIELD – simulation of gas detectorssimulation of gas detectors



AstrophysicsAstrophysics

SETI@home SETI@home http://setiathome.berkeley.eduhttp://setiathome.berkeley.edu

9M years9M years5M clients5M clients

Einstein@homeEinstein@home http://http://einsteinathome.orgeinsteinathome.org

Search for sources of gravitational wavesSearch for sources of gravitational waves 6800 years6800 years

137K CPUs(*)137K CPUs(*)

1 CPU = 1 KSfp2K = 2.8 GHz Xeon1 CPU = 1 KSfp2K = 2.8 GHz Xeon



Life SciencesLife Sciences

Predictor@homePredictor@homehttp://predictor.chem.lsa.umich.eduhttp://predictor.chem.lsa.umich.edu

1700 years1700 years84K CPUs84K CPUs

To predict proteine structure from sequenceTo predict proteine structure from sequence Rosetta@homeRosetta@home http://boinc.bakerlab.orghttp://boinc.bakerlab.org

New proteins for cNew proteins for cures ures ofof human diseases human diseases (HIV, malaria, (HIV, malaria, cancer…)cancer…)

Folding@homeFolding@home http://folding.stanford.eduhttp://folding.stanford.edu Proteine (mis)folding – degenerative diseasesProteine (mis)folding – degenerative diseases

(Alzheimer, Huntington…)(Alzheimer, Huntington…)



Geology/ClimateGeology/Climate

Climateprediction.netClimateprediction.nethttp://climateprediction.nethttp://climateprediction.net

10000 years10000 years

115K clients115K clients

Climate@homeClimate@homeClimate change (variant of above, non-overlapping Climate change (variant of above, non-overlapping

targets)targets)



Helping Developing Helping Developing CountriesCountries

Africa@home Africa@home http://cern.ch/africa-at-home/http://cern.ch/africa-at-home/ African humanitarian causesAfrican humanitarian causesProject kick-off initiated by CERNProject kick-off initiated by CERN

Malariacontrol.net Malariacontrol.net http://malariacontrol.net/http://malariacontrol.net/Malaria propagation studies (within the framework of Malaria propagation studies (within the framework of

Africa@home) Africa@home) Computing for Clear Water Computing for Clear Water (ref. paper)(ref. paper)

Water flow through nanotubes – Sponsored by CCCWater flow through nanotubes – Sponsored by CCC



Volunteer ComputingVolunteer ComputingAll kinds, all flavoursAll kinds, all flavours

SCIENCE SETI@home (BOINC) evolution@home eOn climateprediction.net (BOINC) Muon1 LHC@home (BOINC) Einstein@Home(BOINC) BBC Climate Change Experiment (BOINC)Leiden Classical (BOINC) QMC@home (BOINC) NanoHive@Home (BOINC) μFluids@Home (BOINC) Spinhenge@home (BOINC) Cosmology@Home (BOINC) PS3GRID (BOINC)Mars Clickworkers

LIFE SCIENCES Parabon Computation Folding@home FightAIDS@home Übero Drug Design Optimization Lab (D2OL) The Virtual Laboratory Project Community TSC Predictor@home (BOINC) XGrid@Stanford Human Proteome Folding (WCG) CHRONOS (BOINC) Rosetta@home (BOINC) RALPH@home (BOINC) SIMAP (BOINC) malariacontrol.net (BOINC) Help Defeat Cancer (WCG) TANPAKU (BOINC) Genome Comparison (WCG) Docking@Home (BOINC) proteins@home (BOINC) Help Cure Muscular Dystrophy (WCG)

MATHEMATICS AND CRYPTOGRAPHY Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search Proth Prime Search ECMNET Minimal Equal Sums of Like Powers MM61 Project 3x + 1 Problem Distributed Search for Fermat Number Divisors PCP@Home Generalized Fermat Prime Search PSearch Seventeen or Bust Factorizations of Cyclotomic Numbers Goldbach Conjecture Verification The Riesel Problem The 3*2^n-1 Search NFSNET Search for Multifactorial Primes 15k Prime Search ElevenSmooth Riesel Sieve The Prime Sierpinski Project P.I.E.S. - Prime Internet Eisenstein Search Factors of k*2^n±1 XYYXF 12121 Search 2721 Search Operation Billion Digits SIGPS Primesearch Lone Mersenne Hunters Factoring 100 Million digits prefactor project Repdigit Prime Problems Mersenneplustwo Factorizations Sierpinski/Riesel Base 5 SZTAKI Desktop Grid (BOINC) Riesel Prime Search

Proth Sieve Twin Internet Prime Search Pi Segment Rectilinear Crossing Number (BOINC) ABC@home (BOINC) WEP-M+2 Project (BOINC) distributed.net PrimeGrid (BOINC) M4 HashClash (BOINC) Assault on 13th Labour Free Rainbow Tables

IT PERFORMANCEGómez Performance ($)Network Peer NETI@home dCrawl DIMES Red Library DLV Majestic-12 Boitho PeerFactor DepSpid Pingdom GIGRIB Project Neuron (BOINC)

PUZZLES AND GAMES ChessBrain Chess960@home (BOINC)

FINANCIAL MoneyBee GStock

ART electric sheep Internet Movie Project RenderFarm@Home (BOINC)

Source: http://distributedcomputing.info/

Citizen CyberscienceCitizen CyberscienceVolunteer Volunteer Information Information

DiscoveryDiscovery

Contribution: Active - In the fieldContribution: Active - In the field

UUsing GPSsing GPS+camera+camera-enabled devices -enabled devices for for data gathering, mapping, data gathering, mapping, geotagginggeotagging(often associated to Google Earth)(often associated to Google Earth)



Information DiscoveryInformation Discovery in in ActionAction

CybermapprCybermappr – – http://cybermappr.unige.chhttp://cybermappr.unige.ch

UNOSATUNOSAT/UniGe/UniGe partnership in CCC, partnership in CCC, sponsorsponsored by HPed by HP

Used currently for geotagging of Used currently for geotagging of regions under humanitarian regions under humanitarian conflicts/crisisconflicts/crisis

See Google group “Geotag Libya”See Google group “Geotag Libya”http://groups.google.com/group/geotag-libyahttp://groups.google.com/group/geotag-libya




EpiCollect - http://www.epicollect.net/EpiCollect - http://www.epicollect.net/

Framework for associating information to mapsFramework for associating information to maps




HP Gloe - http://www.hpgloe.comHP Gloe - http://www.hpgloe.com

Platform for location-based information discoveryPlatform for location-based information discovery

Citizen CyberscienceCitizen CyberscienceVolunteer ThinkingVolunteer Thinking

Contribution: proactive – Contribution: proactive – volunteer’s ”HPUs”volunteer’s ”HPUs”

Brain power to its bestBrain power to its best



Thinking in ActionThinking in Action Innocentive - Innocentive -

http://www.innocentive.comhttp://www.innocentive.com

Citizen Problem Solving (A.Bingham)Citizen Problem Solving (A.Bingham)



Thinking in actionThinking in action Galaxy Zoo - http://www.galaxyzoo.org/ Galaxy Zoo - http://www.galaxyzoo.org/

Galaxy classification (pattern recognition)Galaxy classification (pattern recognition)



Thinking in actionThinking in action FoldIt - http://fold.it/portal FoldIt - http://fold.it/portal

Protein folding strategiesProtein folding strategies



Thinking in actionThinking in action Old Weather - Old Weather -

http://www.oldweather.org/http://www.oldweather.org/

Source: http://www.climatecentral.org/news/partner-news/old-weather-data-Source: http://www.climatecentral.org/news/partner-news/old-weather-data-aids-climate-science-one-ship-at-a-timeaids-climate-science-one-ship-at-a-time



Citizen Cyberscience Citizen Cyberscience CentreCentre

http://citizencyberscience.nethttp://citizencyberscience.net

In essenceIn essence A network to A network to fosterfoster citizen citizen

cyberscience worldwidecyberscience worldwide, focus on , focus on developing countriesdeveloping countries

An open place for exchange, An open place for exchange, collaborationcollaboration

AA ”Think Tank” ”Think Tank” lab lab to exploreto explore new cyberscience conceptsnew cyberscience concepts



Arthur C. ClarkeArthur C. Clarke2001 : A Space Odyssey2001 : A Space Odyssey

““When a distinguished but elderly scientist When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.”probably wrong.”

““The only way of discovering the limits of The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible.”them into the impossible.”

the rise of citizen cyberscience and its impact on professional research dr. miguel angel marquina...

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miguel angel marquina

rise of citizen cyberscience

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switzerland slide

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mobile devices

hands of citizens