the rise of greek city-states chapter 5 sec.2 sparta
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Mr. Marsh Columbus North High School. The Rise of Greek City-States Chapter 5 Sec.2 Sparta. Where rivers played a major role in the development of Mesopotamia and other River Valley Civilizations the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea developed the City-States of Greece. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Mr. MarshColumbus North High School
Where rivers played a major role in the development of Mesopotamia and other River Valley Civilizations the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea developed the City-States of Greece
Mountains and Valleys Greece is apart of the
Balkan Peninsula Mountains divide the
peninsula into many isolated valleys
The Seas Hundreds of bays
create safe harbor for ships
Seas allowed for trade and communication with other civilizations
A. offering vast, open plains subject to invasion.
B. encouraging unity among the city-states.
C. providing good harbors and bays that encouraged trade.
D. encouraging farming but limiting foreign trade.
Polis-City plane developed by the Greeks City was built on two levels
Top Level stood the acropolis Temple dedicated to the City-States god or goddess
Second Level stood the market place, public buildings houses
A. the Greek empireB. the Greek nationC. the state called Greater GreeceD. independent city-states
Early Greek city-states were lead by a monarchy Ruled by king or Queen
As nobles became more powerful the monarchies left and the development or an aristocracy came into play Rule by the landowning elite
With the creation of a middle class we saw the development of a oligarchy Power in the hands of a small, powerful elite
typically the business class
By 650 B.C. iron weapons replaced bronze Iron was cheaper and
stronger then bronze More people could
afford weapons which in turn meant more people could be apart of the city-states army
Creation of the Phalanx Massive military
formation
Ares-Greek god of War People of Sparta were
Dorian's Found in Peloponnesian Slaves that were
prisoners of war and state-owned were known as Helots
Helots far outnumbered citizens of Sparta so strict control and a brutal punishment system existed
Government Sparta was governed by a monarchy of two
kings and a council of elders
An assembly was made up of citizens Citizens were native-born males over the age of
30
Sparta was a Military State Sick children were left to die
At age seven boys began to train and they moved into military barracks
At age 20 they could marry but could not move out of the military barracks until the age of 30
Girls were expected to exercise and strengthen their bodies Strong women made strong boys which
made a strong military
Women had to obey their fathers and or husbands Women could inherit property as well as
run family estates because of men being off at war
Located in Attica, just north of Peloponnesus
During the years of Athens aristocracy wealth and power grew
As aristocracies became to powerful discontent spread across Athens which lead to a democracy
A. a democracyB. an aristocracy.C. a monarchy.D. a tyranny.
Appointed archon (AHR kahn) or chief official in 594 BC
Outlawed slavery for debt Opened high offices to more citizens Granted citizenship to foreigners Economic Reform
Encouraged trade
Tyrants-people who gained power through force
Tyrants often gained power by granting aid to the merchant class
Tyrant meant person in power does not mean ruler
Pisistratus (ps SIHS truh tuhs) seized power in 546 BC Took land from the nobles and gave to the poor Created government building projects which gave
poor people jobs Cleisthens (KLIS thuh neez)
Created a council of 500 First legislature
Law making body All males over the age of 30 were members of the
assembly
Male citizens could participate in congress
Boys attended school (if the families could afford it)
Studied to become great public speakers Music, poetry, reading, writing, and arithmetic
Well to-do women lived in seclusion Wove, cared for their children and
prepared food
Poorer women worked outside the home tending sheep and working as spinners, weavers and potters
Even though each city-state was independent the Greeks shared a common culture Spoke the same language Same ancient heroes Common festivals Same gods and goddess