the rise of hitler & european dictators
DESCRIPTION
THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS. 1920-38. VOCABULARY. JOSEF STALIN TOTALITARIANISM BENITO MUSSOLINI FASCISM ADOLF HITLER NAZISM NEUTRALITY ACTS. TIMELINE. 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN ITALY 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES POWER 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS
1920-38
VOCABULARY• JOSEF STALIN• TOTALITARIANISM• BENITO MUSSOLINI• FASCISM• ADOLF HITLER• NAZISM• NEUTRALITY ACTS
TIMELINE• 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN
ITALY• 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES
POWER• 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN
KAMPF• 1931: JAPAN INVADES MANCHURIA• 1933: HITLER BECOMES CHANCELLOR
OF GERMANY• 1936-38: THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR• 1937: JAPAN INVADES CHINA
THE RISE OF DICTATORS• HOW DID WWI SET THE STAGE FOR
WWII?– TREATY OF VERSAILLES PLACED HUGE
FINANCIAL BURDEN ON SOME NATIONS• EX.: GERMANY & WAR REPARATIONS ($33
BILLION)• THIS CAUSED RESENTMENT THAT WAS
MANIPULATED BY AMBITIOUS LEADERS– MANY NATIONS HAD NO EXPERIENCE
WITH DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT– SO…IT WAS EASIER FOR DICTATORS TO
SEIZE POWER– THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS HAD NO REAL
POWER TO STOP AGGRESSION FROM DICTATORS
• BorderChanges, 1919
GERMANY AFTER VERSAILLES
DICTATORS• WHAT NATIONS FELL VICTIM TO
DICTATORSHIPS IN THE 1920’s & 30’s?– SOVIET UNION (RUSSIA)– ITALY– GERMANY– JAPAN– SPAIN
• WHO SEIZED POWER IN EACH NATION?– SOVIET UNION: JOSEF STALIN,
COMMUNIST PARTY– ITALY: BENITO MUSSOLINI (a.k.a.“IL
DUCE” ) & THE FACSIST PARTY– SPAIN: GEN. FRANCISCO FRANCO -
MILITARY DICTATORSHIP– JAPAN: 2 LEADERS:
• EMPEROR HIROHITO• GEN. HIDEKI TOJO
Adolf Hitler & Josef Stalin
GERMANY• WHY DID GERMANY BECOME A
DICTATORSHIP IN THE 1930’s?– GERMANY’S ECONOMY WAS
DEVESTATED BY THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
– GERMAN LAND / RESOURCES WERE STRIPPED AWAY BY THE TREATY• EX.: THE RHINELAND SEIZED BY
FRANCE• WHY IMPORTANT? – COAL, MINERAL RESOURCES
WERE THERE – GERMAN PRIDE / HONOR WAS STAINED BY
THE RESULTS OF WWI– MANY GERMANS WANTED TO REGAIN
GERMAN HONOR & POWER– 1932: 6 MILLION GERMANS UNEMPLOYED
• RESULT? CONDTIONS ARE PERFECT FOR THE RISE OF A DICTATOR
• ADOLF HITLER:– AUSTRIAN BY BIRTH– DECORATED SOLDIER IN GERMAN ARMY IN WWI– AMBITION WAS TO BE A PAINTER
• REJECTED BY ART SCHOOL• HITLER IS RESENTFUL & RESTLESS
– 1919: JOINED ORIGINAL NAZI PARTY• BECOMES NAZI FURHER, OR LEADER• 1923: HITLER LEADS THE “BEER HALL PUTSCH” IN
MUNICH– IT FAILS, HE AND OTHER NAZIS ARE ARRESTED– TRIED AND IMPRISONED FOR TREASON / ATTEMPTED
REBELLION– DICTATES MEIN KAMPF WHILE IN PRISON
• 1925: PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF• NAZI PARTY: BASIC IDEAS;
– EXTREME GERMAN NATIONALISM– EXTREME ANTI-SEMITISM / RACIAL IDEOLOGY– BELIEF IN NATIONAL EXPANSION, LEBENSRAUM– BELIEVED “ARYAN” RACE WAS DESTINED TO RULE– QUESTION: HOW DO NAZIS DEFINE “ARYAN”?
• JANUARY, 1933: HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR – QUESTIONS:
• WHY DID GERMANS SUPPORT HITLER?• WHAT METHODS DID NAZIS USE TO GAIN POWER?
• NAZIS SEIZE POWER : THE THIRD REICH BEGINS
• Hitler In WWIGerman Army
Adolf Hitler, 1 yr. old (1890)
Hitler & Mussolini , Hitler on Time
WAR IN EUROPE(SECTION 2)
• VOCABULARY:– NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN– WINSTON CHURCHILL– APPEASEMENT– NONAGGRESSION PACT– BLITZKRIEG– CHARLES DE GAULLE
TIMELINE / OUTBREAK OF WAR• 1938:
– GERMANY FORCES AUSTRIA TO UNIFY W/GERMANY• CALLED THE “ANSCHLUSS” • HTILER CALLS FOR THE SUDETENLAND (Part of
Czechoslovakia)• GERMANY SEIZES THE SUDETENLAND (Why?)
– THE MUNICH CONFERENCE• HITLER “GUARANTEES’ NO MORE AGGRESSION• NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN (BRITISH PRIME
MINISTER), & FRANCE ACCEPT AGREEMENT• BRITS./ FRENCH THINK APPEASEMENT WILL WORK• CHURCHILL PUBLICLY WARNS ABOUT NAZIS
• 1939: – GERMANS SEIZE REMAINDER OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA– GERMAN – SOVIET NONAGGRESSION TREATY – GERMANY INVADES POLAND (SEPT.)– FRANCE, BRITIAN DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY– WW II BEGINS
• 1940: – GERMANY INVADES / CONQUERS FRANCE– THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN
Chamberlain, Hitler, MussoliniMunich, 1938
• Chamberlain with Chamberlain & Hitler at
Munich “Guarantees” The Munich Conference
• WINSTONCHURCHILL
WINSTON CHURCHILL
BLITZKREIG• DEFINE: “BLITZKREIG”• HOW DID A BLITZKREIG OPERATE?
– SEE DIAGRAM, P. 712• QUESTIONS:
– WHY DID THE IDEA FOR BLITZKREIG DEVELOP IN THE 1930’s?
– WHY DO YOU THINK THE GERMANS USED BLITZKREIG TACTICS?
BLITZKREIG: BASIC CONCEPTS
• German Airdrop,Crete, Greece, 1940
GERMAN PARATROOPERS, 1940
GERMAN “PANZERS” (TANKS), 1941
• GermanLuftwaffe “Stuka”Dive Bombers, 1940
STUKAS IN ACTION