the rise of industrial america, 1865 – 1900 chapter 18
TRANSCRIPT
The Rise of Industrial America,
1865 – 1900
Chapter 18
2
• C: 1-a Evaluate the impact of new inventions and technologies of the late 19th Century.
• C: 1-b Identify and evaluate the influences on business and industry in the late 19th Century
• C: 1-c Identify labor and workforce issues including owners, managers and Social Darwinism
• C: 1-d Explain the challenges and contributions of immigrants
• C: 1-e Explain the causes and impact of urbanization• C: 1-f Compare and contrast the experiences of
African-Americans
ACT Standards
3
Readings
• Read the chapter, pp. 535-565.
• You MUST read the chapter!!!!
• On line find and read a summary of the book The Jungle
by Upton Sinclair.
4
Group Presentation
• An Important Industrial or Technological advancement from this time period
• Chose a group of three
• Compose and design a power point of 5 slides
• Be prepared to make your presentation within 3 days.
5
Rise of Corporate America
• See graph on page 537
Write a one sentence summary of the graph on page 537.
_________________________________________
________________________________________.
6
The Character of Industrial Change• 6 features dominated
manufacturing:
– Exploitation of coal– Spread of technology
– Control of workers– Pressure on firms to
compete– Relentless drop in prices– Of money supply to keep
pace with productivity
7
Railroad Innovations• Collis P. Huntington, Central Pacific• Jay Gould, Union Pacific• James J. Hill, Northern Pacific
• Generous land grants and loan subsidies
• Magnetic telegraph• Divisions• Superintendents• Accounting systems
I’ve been
working on the
railroad all the
live-long day!
Jay Gould
8
Consolidating the Railroad Industry
• Robber Barons
• Standard 4’8 ½” gauge track
• Interstate Commerce Act, 1887J.P. J. Pierpont
Morgan
9
Applying the Lessons
of Railroads to Steel• Bobbin Boy $1.25 a week
• Secretary to Tom Scott,Pennsylvania Railroad1870’s first steel mill built
“Watch the COST and the PROFITS will take care of themselves.”
Vertical Integration
Andrew Carnegie
10
Figure 18.1: Iron and Steel
Production, 1875–1915
11
The Trust: Creating New Forms of Corporate Organization
• Edwin L. Drake– 1st crude-oil well 1859
– Passion for cutting costs
– Standard Oil Trust 1882
John
D. Rockefeller
12
Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1890
United States
vs.
E.C Knight Company
13
Stimulating Economic Growth
14
The Triumph of Technology
• Thomas A. Edison
• Electrical lighting
Read “Electricity” pp. 544-545.
15
Specialized Production
16
Electricity
17
Figure 18.2: Mergers in Mining and
Manufacturing, 1895–1910
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Figure 18.2:
Mergers in Mining and Manufactu
ring, 1895–1910
(cont’d)
19
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Advertising and Marketing
21
Social and Environmental Costs and Benefits
22
The NEW SOUTH
23
Obstacles to Economic Development
24
The New South Creed and Southern Industrialization
• Henry W. Grady
25
The Southern Mill Economy
26
Southern Industrial Lag
27
Factories and the Work Force
28
From Workshop to Factory
29
Hardships of Industrial Labor
30
Immigrant Labor
31
Chinese Labor
32
Woman and Work in Industrial America
33
Hard Work and the Gospel of Success
• Horatio Alger
34
Labor Unions and Industrial Conflict
• National Labor Union
• Knights of Labor
• Wildcat strikes
35
Organizing Workers
• National Labor Uniton
(NLU)• Knights of Labor
• American Federation of Labor (AFL)
• Samuel Gompers
36
Strikes and Labor Unrest• Homestead Strike
• Eugene V. Debs
• Supreme Court Inre Debs
37
Social Thinkers Probe for Alternatives
• William Graham Sumner
• Social Darwinism
• Marxism
38
Conclusion