THE ROARING 20s IN THE UNITED STATES

THE TIME PERIOD IN THE U.S. FROM THE END OF WORLD WAR I TO 1928 IS REFERRED TO AS THE ‘ROARING

TWENTIES’

WHY?

IT WAS A TIME IN THE UNITED STATES WHEN PEOPLE WERE EAGER TO ENJOY LIFE TO ITS FULLEST

THIS LED TO MAJOR CHANGES IN FASHION, LIFESTYLE, MUSIC,BUSINESS, AND POLITICS. PEOPLE WANTED TO

PARTYAND PUSH BOUNDARIES AND NOT WORRY ABOUT THE TROUBLES OF THE WORLD!

THE CAMPAIGN OF 1920

Harding conducted his entire campaign from his front porch in Marion, Ohio! WHY COULD A FRONT PORCH CAMPAIGN STILL WORK IN 1920?

Harding got the most support from the newest section of the population voting in a presidential election for the first

time: WOMEN!!! (19th Amendment!!!!..1920)

LADIES THOUGHT HARDING WAS A SEXY MAN AND WHEN POLLED AFTER VOTING MOST WOMEN SAID

THEY VOTED FOR HARDING BECAUSE HE “LOOKED LIKE A PRESIDENT”

EXAMPLE: Each country was only allowed to have a number of immigrants into the U.S. each year equal to 3% of the number of people from that nation

residing in the U.S. as of the 1910 census.

1910: 10,000 German immigrants living in U.S.

1921: Only 300 German immigrants allowed in the U.S for the year.

DOMESTIC POLICY DURING 1920s

Red Scare continues into early 1920s!

***The Emergency Immigration Quota Act: restricted immigration into the United States based upon ethnicity and nation of origin.

CALVIN COOLIDGE (30th President 1923-1929)

Coolidge finished the last year of Harding’s term by working to clean up the scandals left behind.

Coolidge won an easy election in 1924 keeping the Republicans in power.

**LAISSEZ FAIRE: business if left unregulated by the government

would be more successful and would benefit the nation

Coolidge was a friend of BIG BUSINESS and showed it in his economicpolicy called **LAISSEZ FAIRE

BIG SOCIAL HAPPENINGS

A.) Henry Ford and the Assembly Line

Henry Ford, founder of Ford Motor Company changed the way mass production in factories was handled….and how to keep consumer prices low…..how??

**Assembly Line: **Took the job of assembling products and broke it down into simple individual steps making people responsible for one task in the entire process. Time for production of one car went

from 12 hours to 90 minutes

Cars become more affordable: More people can work inside the city (urban) and live in tiny communities outside the major urban

center (SUBURBS!!!!!)

TRIAL OF THE CENTURY: SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL

THE ISSUE FUNDAMENTALISM VERSUS EVOLUTION (SHORT ESSAY)

>Creationism: Creationists believe humans were created by a higher power and believe the Biblical story of creation should

be taught in schools

>Evolution: scientific theory that living organisms (humans) developed over millions of years from earlier simpler life forms (monkeys)

****>John T. Scopes was a Tennessee HS teacher accused of violating

a state law forbidding teaching of evolution in schools

THE TRIAL

It was a classic case of religion versus science. The two biggest lawyers in the

country were called in to represent both sides.

The jury found Scopes guilty of violating the Tennessee state law and fined him $100. Many states banned the teaching of evolution in schools up till 1970.

ANOTHER MAJOR TRIALSacco-Vanzetti Case (FORMER OGT TOPIC)

Issue: Two Italian immigrants with the murder of two guards and the theft of $15,000 in Massachusetts. Both men were convicted on two very flimsy pieces of

evidence

Yet, both men were convicted and sentenced to death. ***The country was outraged claiming the men were being convicted because of their nationality and due to the

fact that they were well known anarchists.

***WHAT DID THIS CASE SHOW?—There was a hatred for anything foreign and un-American. Those who opposed the nation were walking targets in their

own communities.

Changes for African Americans

***(OGT) From 1890 till 1930 there was a MASSIVE POPULATION SHIFT amongst African Americans in the United States. This Move was called

the GREAT MIGRATION!

1. *Describe the population shift involved in the Great Migration. (Where were people moving from and where were they moving to?)

2. *Explain how this migration produced an important change in the domestic affairs of the United States during the first three decades of the 20th century.

1.

*Jim Crow Laws in the South restricted freedoms and

economic opportunities for African Americans! This led to African Americans moving

from the U.S. South to the U.S. North

2.

*In the South the economy was crushed due to the loss of

agricultural labor and consumer.

*In the North, city population rose, Industrial production

increased due to more workers, and African Americans became

a major player in music, writing, and the arts

Changes for African Americans

***(OGT) From 1890 till 1930 there was a MASSIVE POPULATION SHIFT amongst African Americans in the United States. This Move was called

the GREAT MIGRATION!

1. *Describe the population shift involved in the Great Migration. (Where were people moving from and where were they moving to?)

2. *Explain how this migration produced an important change in the domestic affairs of the United States during the first three decades of the 20th century.

1.

*Jim Crow Laws in the South restricted freedoms and

economic opportunities for African Americans! This led to African Americans moving

from the U.S. South to the U.S. North

2.

*In the South the economy was crushed due to the loss of

agricultural labor and consumer.

*In the North, city population rose, Industrial production increased due

to more workers, and African Americans became a major player in

music, writing, and the arts

***HARLEM REANAISSANCE: an African American cultural movement of the 1920s in which African American art, music, literature, and politics were

recognized nationally for its importance and beauty. Many of the significant writers, artists,and politicians came from the New York City area.

Helping African Americans gain recognition for their talents and abilities was the

***NAACP (National Association for the Advance of Colored People): worked to end legalized discrimination based upon race! (OGT)

*****IN 1922 the NAACP got Congress to pass tough legislation against Lynching.

1920s United StatesLets look at a couple samples of how questions look on the

OGT that will test your knowledge of the 1920s

In the early 20th century, many African-Americans moved from the South to cities in the North. This “Great Migration” helped stimulate a flowering of artistic talent by African-Americans in New York known as the Harlem Renaissance. One way in which the Harlem Renaissance was significant was that it

A. reduced racial tensions

in the northern cities.

B. led to a decline in activity by the Ku

Klux Klan.

C. led to a relaxation of

restrictions on African-

Americans in the South.

D. contributed to the recognition of African-American culture.

1920s United StatesLets look at a couple samples of how questions look on the

OGT that will test your knowledge of the 1920s

Which advance was largelyresponsible for the growth ofsuburbs in the United States

in the mid-20th century?

A. the development of color televisions

B. improvements in passenger airplanes

C. widespread availability of automobiles

D. the invention of the personal

computer

1920s United StatesLets look at a couple samples of how questions look on the

OGT that will test your knowledge of the 1920s

What was one perspective ofAfrican-Americans that was

reflected in the founding of the

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP)?

A. the hope of encouraging widespread emigration to Africa

B. the belief that racial segregation was justified in all circumstances

C. the goal of forming a new political party to represent African-Americans

D. the desire to bring about legal and social equality