the rock cycle - province of manitoba · the rock cycle igneous rock deep in the earth's crust...

THE ROCK CYCLE IGNEOUS ROCK Deep in the earth's crust there are places where the rock has melted into magma which is a mixture of crystals and liquid rock. Sometimes the magma erupts out of the earth through a volcano and then it is called lava. When the lava cools and hardens on the earth's surface, it is called volcanic igneous rock. If the magma cools and hardens under the ground, it is called plutonic igneous rock. SEDIMENTARY ROCK Wind and water cause erosion, breaking off pieces of rock and carrying them from one place to another. Gradually these pieces along with sand, pebbles, shells and plant matter gather into layers called sediment. Over a long period of time the sediment hardens into rock. That is how sedimentary rock is formed. Most of the rock on the earth's surface is sedimentary. METAMORPHIC ROCK Just as cookie dough changes as it is baked, rock changes as it is heated, squeezed or both. Rocks deep within the earth are put through intense heat and pressure. In time, these forces change sedimentary or igneous rock into another type of rock called metamorphic rock.

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THE ROCK CYCLE

IGNEOUS ROCK

Deep in the earth's crust thereare places where the rock hasmelted into magma which is a mixture of crystals and liquidrock. Sometimes the magmaerupts out of the earth througha volcano and then it is calledlava. When the lava cools andhardens on the earth's surface,it is called volcanic igneousrock. If the magma cools andhardens under the ground, it iscalled plutonic igneous rock.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Wind and water cause erosion,breaking off pieces of rock andcarrying them from one placeto another. Gradually thesepieces along with sand, pebbles, shells and plant matter gather into layers called sediment. Over a longperiod of time the sedimenthardens into rock. That is howsedimentary rock is formed.Most of the rock on the earth'ssurface is sedimentary.

METAMORPHIC ROCK

Just as cookie dough changesas it is baked, rock changes asit is heated, squeezed or both.Rocks deep within the earthare put through intense heatand pressure. In time, theseforces change sedimentary origneous rock into another typeof rock called metamorphic rock.

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