The Role of Metrologyin Renewable Energies

IEC-Workshop for Industrializing Countries: Quality infrastructure and renewable energy systems – Sharing expertise for cap acity development

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt

October 12, 2016

Frank Härtig

German government passed the law for

Renewable Energy Act in 2000

“Erneuerbare Engergie-Gesetz” (EEG)

novellas

EEG 2004

EEG 2009

EEG 2012

EEG 2014

Earthquake

March 11, 2011 14:47 Japan Time Zone

(UCT+09:00)

Nuclear accident in Fukushima

source: Bundesregierung

www.bundesregierung.de

access 05/2016

Law for renewable energy (EEG)

Governmental slogan:

Reach the age of renewable energies

as soon as possible,

while keeping the price of

electricity affordable

source: Bundesregierung

www.bundesregierung.de

access 05/2016

Measures at a glance

Enhance renewable energy systems

Enlarge infrastructure (electrical grid)

Develop energy storage techniques

Getting out of nuclear energy by 2022

Enhance energy efficiency

Build new power stations (coal, gas) in order to guarantee net stability

Enhance electro mobility (electro cars; 0.5 Mio by 2020)

source: Bundesregierung

www.bundesregierung.de

access 05/2016

Measures at a glance

source: BMWi Datenbasis; Arbeitsgruppe Erneuerbare-Energien-Statistik

Share of gross electrical energy

Growth of renewable energy - DE

Mio kW h

Water Wind Bio Photovoltaic

y gross

shares on gross el. energy

Growth of renewable energy - DE

Grow of renewable energy - DE

http://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/EE/Redaktion/DE/

Downloads/erneuerbare-energien-in-zahlen-2015.pdf

http://www.bmwi.de/

PTB - Energy for Germany

https://www.ptb.de/cms/fileadmin/internet/

ForschungInEuropa/Energie_fuer_Deutschland.pdf

Metrology for the energy sector

• photovoltaic

• solar heat

• wind energy systems

• conventional power stations

• bio-fuels

Common WES design and use

source: ENERCON source: VESTAS

direct drive gear drive

• types- direct drives- gear drives

• location- onshore- offshore

• rotor type- lift type- 3 blades

• position of rotorupwind side

Competence Center Wind (CCW)

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torque

metrology

Competence Centre for Windenergy

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coordinate

metrology

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3D wind vector

metrology

Project

Equipment and temporary staff funded by:

Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi)

BMWi: Promotion: ~9.5 Mio €

Buildings paid by PTB’s own budget

PTB: Promotion: 4 – 5 Mio €

Duration: 2016 – 2020 ( 5 years)

Coordinate Metrology (5 m x 4 m x 2 m)Department 5.3; Dr. K. Kniel, J. Hirsch, Dr. Stein

3� �� �

coordinate

metrology

3D- Abbe Method - M3D3

PrototypeLaserTRACER

Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) using an integrated

metrological frame of tracking interferometer

Measuring volume

5 m x 4 m x 2 m

Gear standard; Coupling

gear standard

- internal external gear

- diameter approx. 2m

- weigth 2.7 t

reproducible coupling

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3D wind vector

metrology

3D Windvector – Wind-Lidar (3D, 200 m)Department 1.4; Dr. H. Többen, Dr. H. Müller, Dr. M. Eggert, S. Oertel, C. Gutsmuths

Conventional Lidar-systems

17

complex landscapes errors of 10% possible

Measurement hight typ. ~20 m

PTB-concept: bi-static system

r = 1 m

Advantages:• small measurement volume:

• 100m: length 0,6 m; Ø 6 mm• 200m: length 2,4 m; Ø 12 mm

• vectorial measurement of single particles

Lidar measurement setup

19

05.201505.2015

05.201505.2015

∙ � �� � ∙ �

torque

metrology

Torque-Measurement ( 5 MN m – 20 MN m)Department 1.2; Dr. R. Kumme, Dr. C. Schlegel, H. Kahmann, H. Wunderlich,

K. Geva, S. Augustat

Up to 20 MN m DMNM

Traceable torque measurement

Torque transducers

( )FrFrM

FrMrr

rrr

,sin :skalar ⋅⋅=

×=

National force

measurement

standard

2 MN

Coordinate measuring

machine

First ground breaking 4 April 2016