the role of plastics in the circular economy mr adrian whyle senior resource efficiency manager...
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The Role of Plastics in the Circular Economy
Mr Adrian Whyle
Senior Resource Efficiency Manager
London – 2nd March 2015
Zero-Plastics to Landfill by 2025
Role of plastics as user of primary resources
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Plastic packaging saves resources
Replacing plastics packaging with:
Would lead to…
Substitution model developed by German market research institute GVM, based on 32 packaging
categories, more than 70 different materials, and a database containing 26,000 data sets of packaging
materials, sizes, volumes, and masses.
= 20 million more heated homes, i.e the annual consumption of
Romania’s population!
= 21 million more cars on the road, i.e. more than the total
CO2 emissions of Denmark!
Source: denkstatt
If no plastic packaging was used packaging • Mass would increase 3.6 x , • Energy consumption would increase 2.2x • CHG emissions would increase 2.7x
Landfilling is still the most common waste treatment option for Plastics
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Treatment of post-Consumer Plastic Waste in Europe in 2012:Treatment for post-consumer plastics waste in the EU27+Norway and Switzerland
RDF Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
SRF for energy intensive industrial production, e.g. chemicals, cement etc.
Source: Consultic2014
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Plastic waste going to landfill (2012):
above 66%
>50% to 66%
below 10%, i.e. landfill ban
Landfilling of plastic waste is still a major option in many countries
33% to 50%
2005
1999+2006
20042006
2009 2005
2016
1996
1997
Date of landfill ban in force
Date of future landfill ban
2016
2014 – Scotland(dry recyclables)
Treatment of Post-consumer plastics waste 2012 by EU 27 + 2 (in kt)
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:
2012 Level
2017 Target
Countries with
landfillban
Zero Plastics to Landfill by 2025 is challenging but key to Saving Valuable Resources
= 60 million tonnes of plastics prevented from landfill, equivalent to >750 million barrels of oil or 37.5 billion* €
MTo
nn
es
* 50 Euro/barrel
Recycling of plastic packaging waste in the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2006
PL
GBES
IT
FR
DE
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2007
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
10
Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2008
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2009
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2010
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2011
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Recycling of plastic packaging wastein the main markets
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Size of the bubbles = total packaging waste generationRecycling rate (in %)
Energy Recovery rate (in %)
2012
<10% landfilling10-50% landfilling>50% landfilling
Collection is keyUK Household Plastics Collection Survey 2013
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http://www.recoup.org/p/229/2014-uk-household-plastics-collection-survey
Top performing local authorities tend to use comingled collection; collection in a dry recyclables bin of a combination of some or all recyclable plastic, glass, metal, paper and card……. WYG Collections Report 2013
56% Recycling
24% Recycling
4% Recycling
>70% Recycling
41% Recycling
7% Recycling
To Achieve 2017 targets an extra 350k tonnes of plastic packaging needs to be collected for recycling
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INNOVATION…… the key catalyst for future increased resource recovery
1. Recycling and Eco-Design2. Feedstock recycling
Daplen™ Polypropylene with Recycled Content
A new portfolio of polypropylene compound grades composed of post-consumer recycled (PCR) and virgin content for the Automotive Industry have been launched
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• Enhanced product sustainability; improved CO2 footprint
• Product performance / cost similar to virgin polymer.• For interior, exterior and under-the-bonnet (UTB)
automotive applications.• 3 new Daplen™ grades with 25-50% PCR content,
Innovation - Recycling and Eco-Design
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Pulse PlasticsSteel Coil Edge protection100% recycled polyolelfins
NampakMilk PackagingUp to35% rHDPE
HillePlastic Seating100% rPP
GSKFruit Juice100% PET
RPC GroupPaint Pots25% rPP
Protomax www.protomax.co.ukOffice Furniture100% Mixed Plastic Waste
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Plastic packaging;Contribution to Resource Efficiency
Nampak’s® Infini Milk Bottle Increasing HDPE Recycled Content in milk bottles.
2010 - 10%2015 - 30%*2020 - 50%
• 16% CF reduction per tonne of product since ‘09
• 5% energy reduction achieved in 2013
*2014 - 4 pint bottle 20% lighter 30% recycled content
Courtesy of Nampak
Over 75% of milk bottles are recycled
Plastic packaging;Contribution to Resource Efficiency and food Safety
The Co-op food retailer has launched its roast-in-the-bag chickens across its the “whole bird” range, providing extra reassurance to consumers that they can safely prepare roast chicken in their own home.• Enhanced food safety by eliminating the
need for consumers to handle raw meat• Prevents the spread of Campylobacter
from washing chicken.• Simplifies preparation and cooking
convenience.• Bag seals in chicken juices and
improves succulence.
20http://www.co-operative.coop/corporate/press/press-releases/Food/co-op-announces-food-hygiene-and-cooking-convenience-initiative/
Food Standards Agency (FSA) reports of 3,000 fre
sh
chickens 73% tested positive for th
e presence of
campylobacter.
Source: The Grocer 26/2/15
Innovation:The road to the plastics circular economy
tNew Detection Systems- Better Plastics Separation
- Radical Innovations
- Step-Change Innovations
- Incremental InnovationsNew to Market
Time
Depolymerisation- Production of Virgin Polymer
Enhanced Digital Imaging
€
$
$
€ $
£
£Increased use of recyclate
Improved Sorting£
€
€$ £
€$
£
€$
£
Eco-design
Project REFLEX:Increased recycling of flexible packaging
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Funded by the UK’s innovation agency, Innovate UK the REFLEX project brings stakeholders throughout the supply chain from polymer producers, converters, recyclers and waste management companies together to address the challenge of creating a circular economy for flexible packaging, e.g. detergent pouches, confectionery and biscuit wrappers
Partners Include:
Axion Ltd, Amcor Ltd, Dow Chemical Company Ltd, Interflex Group, Nestlé UK Ltd, SITA Holdings UK Ltd, TOMRA Sorting Ltd and Unilever UK
http://www.axionconsulting.co.uk/pioneering-project-aims-recycle-flexible-packaging
Innovation – Feedstock Recycling
OILOIL
OIL
OIL OIL
OIL
DEPOLYMERISATION
Plastics to Oil
CO2 as a raw material from Flue Gas for Polyurethane Foam
CO2
NC
OR
OC
NH
OR'
OH N
RN
CO
R'O
CN
R
H H
O O n
H
+
Isocyanate Polyol
Polyurethane
Production of polyol (Precursor for polyurethane foam)
15M Euro German production plant planned in 2016 with a capacity of 5,000 tons / year polyol production capturing CO2 from an RWE chimney
RIGID FOAMS
FLEXIBLE FOAMS
Making products out of hot air (CO2): The abundant alternative carbon source
Whilst the detail is unclear European recovery rates will increase;
• The increasing focus on the circular economy provides opportunity to stimulate research in materials recycling
• Recovery of more embedded resources. i.e. materials & energy are key in the drive towards a Resource Efficient Europe
• Advanced thermal recovery has a role to play for non recyclable materials
• Materials destined for energy recovery will in the future be increasingly recycled and this will include “carbon’ recycling
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