the role of the human/animal interface in the...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSES
1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON (RE-) EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018
Addis Ababa, March 12-15, 2018
1
JJ Muyembe-Tamfum. MD, PhD
Professor of Microbiology, Kinshasa University
Medical School
DG Nat.Inst.Biomedical Research (INRB)
![Page 2: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
.
Animal
health
Human
health
Penetration of Humans
in the Animal
ecosystem
Increase in Human and
Animal populations
Climate
change
Ecological change:
déforestation
Sociocultural change
Human + Animal Health « ONE HEALTH ».
![Page 3: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
.
Human
health
Ongoing contacts between human and animal
![Page 4: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
.
Human
health
Ongoing contacts between human and animal
![Page 5: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Map of Africa showing countries that are affected by viral haemorragic fever (VHF) outbreaks
![Page 6: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Human, Animal and Environmental Health
. Human health is intimately connected to the animal
and environemental health.
According to the WHO roughly 70% of human diseases have an animal origin.They are called « Zoonoses ».
Due to the socio-economic, environmental and ecological factors, most of African countries
constitute an Emerging Infectious Diseases hotspots. I wish to talk about Ebola and Monkeypox viruses
because the two pathogens are able to infect both human and non human primates with high case fatality rates
![Page 7: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
OUTLINE1.Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) IN Africa.
The virus
Geographic distribution
Clinical features
Epidemiology/ecology
Ebola transmission from animal to humans
Ecological research
DRCongo sharing experience
7
![Page 8: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
OUTLINE2.Human Monkeypox Infection
The virus
Geographic distribution
Epidemiology/transmission
Clinical manifestations
Differential diagnosis
Prevention
8
![Page 9: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ordre Mononegavirales
Family Filoviridae
Genus Marburgvirus
Species Marburg marburgvirus
Virus 1: Virus Marburg
Virus 2: Virus Ravin
Genus Ebolavirus
Species Forêt deTai
Virus: Virus de la Forêt de Taï
Species Reston
Virus: Reston (RESTV)
Species Soudan .
Virus: Sudan virus (SUDV)
Species Zaire .
Virus: Ebola virus (EBOV)
Species Bundibugyo .
Virus: Bundibugyo (BDBV)
Genus Cuevavirus
Species Lloviu virus
Virus: Lloviu (LLOV)
Feldmann H. N Engl J Med 2014. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1405314
EBOLA VIRUS
![Page 10: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Species and virulence
Virulence by Species. Ebola Zaire : lethality 60-90%.
Ebola Sudan : lethality 40-60%.
Ebola Bundibugyo : lethality 25-50%.
Ebola forêt de Taï: lethality 0%.
Virulence by modes of contamination. Infection by injection: incubation period 6.3days
and lethality 100%. (Yambuku).
Infection by contact: incubation period 9.5days and lethality 80%.
![Page 11: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What happened in West Africa: Virus Yes but Context also?
07 AVRIL 2007 Journée mondiale de la santé 11
West Africa Ebola Zaire was the most virulent? May be but ….
Outbreak in Nigeria, Seneegal and Mali caused by the same
strain were quicky contained
Unprecedented outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and
Sierra Leone occured in the context of lack of
preparedness, community engagement and funeral
practicies
![Page 12: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Geographic distribution of Ebola species.
VIRUS EBOLA
ZAIRE EBOLAVIRUS
RDCONGO GABON
RCONGO GUINEE
SIERRA LEONE
LIBERIA
USA ESPAGNE
NIGERIA SENEGAL
SOUDAN EBOLAVIRUS
SOUDAN UGANDA
BUNDIBUGYO EBOLAVIRUS
UGANDA DRCONGO
Ebola Reston•USA/Italie: Macaca fascicularis, 1989.
•Philippines: porcs (problèmes de SP,
Agriculture, sécurité alimentaire).
Taï Forest Ebolavirus•C.Ivoire en 1994: épizootie/chimpanzés et un
cas humain.
![Page 13: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Clinical features of Ebola
Incubation period:2-21
days.
![Page 14: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Hemorrhagic manifestations in Ebola Patients (<50%).
![Page 15: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Epidemiology and ecology of Filoviruses
•Lake Kyoga in Uganda, from where monkeys were exported to Germany.
•Kitumu cave, Mont Elgon, Kenya, 1980-1987
•Gorumbwa gold mine in Watsa/Durba(DRC),1998-2000.
•Gold mines of Kitaka cave in Uganda, 2007-8.
•Presence of bats in mine and cave.
![Page 16: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
This graphic shows the life cycle of the ebolavirus. Bats are strongly implicated as both reservoirs and
hosts for the ebolavirus. Of the five identified ebolavirus subtypes, four are capable of human-to-human
transmission. Initial infections in humans result from contact with an infected bat or other wild animal.
Strict isolation of infected patients is essential to reduce onward ebolavirus transmission.
![Page 17: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
An hypothesis for the transmission of Marburg virus in caves or mines.
![Page 18: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Ebola virus transmission from animal to human.
.
human
To
human
RESERVOIR?
VECTOR?
Role of the bushmeat?
•Hospital amplification :
•Shortage of PPE,desinfectant.
•HCW not familiar with Ebola.
•Lack of infection control poloicy
•Community amplification :
traditionnal burial.
![Page 19: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
In the Search of Ebola Reservoir
Since the first Ebola outbreak in Yambuk in 1976, the virus remains a mystery.
Among multitute of animal studied, bats are the most supected.Why?
Bats suspected in the first 1976 Sudan Ebola virus outbreak.
In the 2007 Mweka Ebola outbreak was associated with the consumption of bats.
In 2014 West-African Ebola outbreak , the index case a 2 year-old boy was in contact with an insectivorous bat.
Because of similarity between Ebola and Marburg virus .
19
![Page 20: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
DRC a country with 8 EBOLA outbreaks.
Boende, 2015
Yambuku1976
Isiro, 2012
Mweka 2009Mweka, 2007Kikwit, 1995
Tandala, 1977Likati, 2017
![Page 21: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
DRC sharing its experience with other African countries;
![Page 22: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Pr
Pr
Pr
Pr
INRB teamFrench team
Congolese team of
experienced lab
technicians were
selected to run the
KPLAN EBOLA
mobile lab in
Guinea, 2013-2015.
Congolese teams of
± 100
multidiscilinary
members
epidemiologists,
hygienists, medical
doctors,
anthropologists,
social mobilisation
![Page 23: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
CONCLUSION 1
Ebola Reservoir still a scientific enigma….
EBV outbreaks are more and more moved closer
![Page 24: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24More than 25 bat species investigated ( <2000 samples)… analysis is in progress
Bat’ Survey In DRC
![Page 25: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
HUMAN MONKEYPOX INFECTION
The virus
Geographic distribution
Epidemiology/transmission
Clinical manifestations
Differential diagnosis
Conclusion
25
![Page 26: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
MPX: the virus
VARIOLA COWPOX
VACCINIA MONKEYPOX
ORTHOPOXVIRUS PARAORTHOPOXVIRUS
TANAPOX MOLLUSCUM
CONTAGIOSUM
NON CLASSES
POXVIRIDAE
Monkeypox virus is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus, family Poxviridae
Sources of infection
•Non human primates (NHP)
•Rodents
•Squirrels
•Other rats species
•Porcupine
•The real reservoir unknown
![Page 27: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
MPX: background.
27
Human MPX is a smallpox-like disease mainly
reported in the rainforests of central and western
Africa.
First case detected in rural area in DRCongo, in
1970, after smallpox global eradication.
Human MPX is a tropical zoonotic disease.
Transmission: contact with infected rodent or
monkey(72%) or with a patient (28%).
Majority of patients: children(86%) and non
smallpox vaccinated adults.
![Page 28: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
MPX: background
1958: MPX virus was isolated (Von Magnus) in monkey in the Zoo (Denmark)
1970: first human MPX infection in a baby 9 months old in Basankusu, DRC.
1980-1985: MPX active surveillance program (WHO) to assess the burden of human MPX infection in Africa
1986: program ended. Human MPX infection did not constitute a threat to the global smallpox eradication initiative.It was not a major public health problem.
28
![Page 29: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Notification of MPX in Africa:1970-1986
![Page 30: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
MPX cases reported by Health Zones, 1996-2014, DRC.
07 AVRIL 2007 30
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
Fig 2: situation de MPX en RDC de 1996 à
2014
cas
décès
But in 1996 a major outbreak in
Katako-Kombe with 511 cases,
78% secondary cases
![Page 31: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Transmission of MPX: risk factors for
children
31
•Trapping.
•Hunting
•Handling.
•Dead rodents found in the forest are source of food
Squirrels are
particularly the source of MPX in young children in rural areas in DRC.
GambianRats
![Page 32: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
MPX transmission:risk factors for adults
32
•Preparing game for cooking.
•Monkeys found dead in the forest are source of food
TrappingHunting
![Page 33: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
MPOX: clinical manifestations
33
Severe infection Benign infection Subclinical infection
Lymphadenopathy:90%
![Page 34: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Swollen inguinal and cervical lymph notes
Adult severe cases
![Page 35: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Clinical complications of MPX
35
Bacterial conjunctivitis Corneal opacity
![Page 36: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Muco-cutaneous complications of MPX
![Page 37: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Differential Diagnosis
•Secondary Syphilis:
Palm lesions
•Severe chickenpox
•Residual scars
Prevalence in Pregnantwomen in Lodja(03-04)
•HIV:6,6%
•Syphilis: 7,2%
•Convalescent MPX
•Residual scars
•MPX
Palm lesions
![Page 38: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
CONCLUSION
40 years after the eradication of Smallpox, the incidence of human MPX infection has dramatically increased in DRC.
The geographic range of MPX has changed: a cluster of cases reported in neighboring ROC, in South Sudan and Nigeria for the first time; even outside the African continent, in the USA in
2003.3 main factors determine the burden of human MPX:
Cessation of vaccination against smallpox.
Increase exposure to animal reservoir species.
Increase of human to human transmission
![Page 39: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
General conclusion about the two tropical zoonoses.
Since 3-4 decades, the incidence of both EVD and human MPX infection has increased in coincidence with the natural range of their zoonotic reservoir species:
For MPX: squirrel and other rodents species.
For Ebola: fruit bats.
Increase of contact with the animal reservoir:
Agriculture activities with deforestation
Recurrent civil wars : displacement of the population
Increased poverty: bushmeat as the only main sources of animal proteins
39
![Page 40: THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN/ANIMAL INTERFACE IN THE ZOONOSESregist2.virology-education.com/presentations/2018/ICREID/08... · the role of the human/animal interface in the zoonoses 1st](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022013006/5b4027b47f8b9a5e2c8d0512/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
National Institute for Biomedical Research (INRB)
Clinical Trials DevelopmentOngoing:
-Clinical Immunology Laboratory
-Hospital Pharmacy
-Institutional Review Board (IRB)
-Data Monitoring Committee (DMC)
Planned:
-INRB Clinical Center
DiagnosticsNational Reference Laboratory
- Biochemical and
microbiological analysis
- Pathological analysis
- Parasitology tests
- Serological tests
Outbreak Surveillance & Response
Active Surveillance Labs
Science Clinic Interface
Applied Research
- Ebola antibody therapeutics
- Sleeping sickness diagnostic
kit commercialization
- Virus discovery
- Phytotherapy (Malaria)
Outbreak Response- Mobile Laboratory
- Clinical Care
- Health Care Worker Training
- Polio
- Influenza
- Measles/Rubella
- Ebola/Yellow Fever