The Roman Republic

The Growth and Expansion

Key Topic:Key Topic: The Roman Republic

Main Idea # 1Main Idea # 1 : How the original Republic was formed

Main Idea # 2Main Idea # 2 : Rome’s republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens.

Main Idea # 3 Main Idea # 3 : How the Roman Republic works

Main Idea # 1

How the original Republic was formed

Main Idea # 1

1. Who ruled Rome before the Romans? The Etruscans (Tarquins) .2. What type of rulers were the Etruscans? CRUEL3. Romans rebel in 509 B.C.E.4. Create a Republic 5. Republic = form of government where

citizens have the power.

Main Idea # 1

Make a timeline with these events

509 B.C.E. Rome = small city. Slowly expands. 338 B.C.E. defeat the other Latins 284 B.C.E. defeat Etruscans 267 B.C.E. defeat the Greeks The Republic is growing!

Main Idea # 1

1. How did the Romans take over Italy? By force

2. How did they keep those people they conquered under their control

Made them citizens able to take part in the government OR

Made them allies with their own government, but they had to pay taxes and supply an army to Rome

Main Idea # 2

Rome’s republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens.

PlebeiansPlebeians

PatriciansPatricians

Main Idea # 2

Patricians

Plebeians

Slaves

Main Idea # 2 Patricians1. Wealthy land

owners 2. Nobles that made

up the ruling class 3. Citizens (male)–

could vote, had to pay taxes and serve in the army

4. Could not marry a Plebian

5. Could serve in government

Plebeians1. Majority of the

population 2. Artisans,

shopkeepers, small farm owners

3. Citizens (male)– could vote, pay taxes, serve in army

4. Could not marry a Patrician

5. Could not serve in government

Main Idea # 3

How the Roman Republic works

Main Idea # 3

Consuls

Senate

Praetors

Tribunes

Main Idea # 3 ConsulsConsuls

1. Top government official2. Two chosen every year 3. Headed the army and ran the government4. Served short term….avoided risk of

abusing power5. Veto The right of the consul to reject the

other’s decision. Latin for “I forbid”

Main Idea # 3 SenateSenate

1. 300 men

2. Chosen for life

3. Advise Consul

4. Deal with other countries

5. Proposes laws

6. Approve public works

7. Deal with daily government problems

Main Idea # 3 PraetorsPraetors

1. Government officials

2. Interpreted law and judged court cases

3. Kept tax records

4. Handled public finances

5. Supervised public festivals

Main Idea # 3 TribunesTribunes

1. Elected by all citizens (Plebians have a large majority so they really elect the official)

2. Bring Plebian concerns to the government

3. Right to veto actions taken by the government

First steps towards democracy in Rome!First steps towards democracy in Rome!

Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!Keeping it Fair!

How do you know what a law says? How do you know how someone should be punished if they do something wrong? Draco of Greece was the first person to do this!

1. Write the laws down so the patricians couldn’t be unfair to the plebians!!!!

Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!Keeping it Fair!

2. 451 BCE The Twelve Tablets were made on bronze tablets

Where would you put them in Rome so everyone (both rich and poor) could see them?

3. The forum (marketplace)

Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!Keeping it Fair!

Finish these sentences…. Innocent

until______________________. You have the right to _____________ in

court.1. Laws of Nations – laws to settle disputes

between all people Do we still use this today???

Main Idea # 3 Keeping it Fair!Keeping it Fair!

Is it fair to punish one person for stealing but not another person? Why or why not?

1. Rule of Law – the idea that all laws should apply to every person equally and all people should be treated the same by the legal system

2. We base all our laws today off of this idea made by the Romans!