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Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO 2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyo a,c , Manoj Kumar b , Nikita Singhal a , Suman L. Jain a , Jonathan O. Babalola c , Alexander V. Vorontsov* d , Umesh Kumar* a a Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, India b Catalytic conversion Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, India c Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria d Altai State University, pr. Lenina 61, Barnaul 656049, Russia *Corresponding authors, E-mail: [email protected](U.K.), [email protected] (A.V.) Tel.: +91-135-2525-795 (U.K.), +79537855528 (A.V.) Fax: +91-135-2660-202 ORCID:0000-0002-6226-0305 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Catalysis Science & Technology. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018

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Page 1: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Supporting Information

Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic

reduction of CO2 to fuels

Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c, Manoj Kumarb, Nikita Singhala, Suman L. Jaina, Jonathan O. Babalolac, Alexander V. Vorontsov*d, Umesh Kumar*a

a Chemical Science Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, India

b Catalytic conversion Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, India

cDepartment of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

dAltai State University, pr. Lenina 61, Barnaul 656049, Russia

*Corresponding authors,

E-mail: [email protected](U.K.), [email protected] (A.V.)

Tel.: +91-135-2525-795 (U.K.), +79537855528 (A.V.)

Fax: +91-135-2660-202

ORCID:0000-0002-6226-0305

Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Catalysis Science & Technology.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018

Page 2: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S1. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup used for the photocatalytic activity using H2O as the reductant.

Fig. S2. UV–Vis absorbance spectra of all the prepared samples including 1% Mg-TiO2, which was code-named Mg-TiO2-4.

Page 3: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S3 Tauc plot of TiO2, Mg-TiO2-1, Mg-TiO2-2 and Mg-TiO2-3.

Fig. S4 Cumulative pore volume of TiO2, Mg-TiO2-1, Mg-TiO2-2 and Mg-TiO2-3.

Page 4: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S5 SEM images and EDX of (a, a’) TiO2, (b, b’) Mg-TiO2-1, (c, c’) Mg-TiO2-2 and (d, d’) Mg-TiO2-3 respectively.

Page 5: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S6 TEM, HRTEM images and EDX of TiO2.

Page 6: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S7 TEM, HRTEM images and EDX of Mg-TiO2-1.

Page 7: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S8 TEM, HRTEM images and EDX of Mg-TiO2-2

Page 8: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S9 TEM, HRTEM images and EDX of Mg-TiO2-3

Page 9: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S10 Elemental mapping of TiO2

Page 10: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S11 Elemental mapping of Mg-TiO2-1

Page 11: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S12 Elemental mapping of Mg-TiO2-2

Page 12: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S13 Elemental mapping of Mg-TiO2-3

Page 13: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S14 XPS survey spectrum of TiO2.

Fig. S15 XPS survey spectrum of Mg-TiO2-1

Page 14: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S16 XPS survey spectrum of Mg-TiO2-2

Fig. S17 XPS survey spectrum of Mg-TiO2-3

Page 15: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S18 XPS survey spectrum of Ti 2p of TiO2

Fig. S19 XPS survey spectrum of Ti 2p of Mg-TiO2-1

Page 16: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S20 XPS survey spectrum of Ti 2p of Mg-TiO2-3

Fig. S21 XPS survey spectrum of O 1s of Mg-TiO2-1

Page 17: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S22 XPS survey spectrum of O 1s of Mg-TiO2-3

Fig. S23 XPS survey spectrum of Mg 2p of Mg-TiO2-1

Page 18: The Royal Society of Chemistry · Supporting Information Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels Joshua O. Olowoyoa,c,

Fig. S24 XPS survey spectrum of Mg 2p of Mg-TiO2-3