the ruan and the yueqin
DESCRIPTION
The Ruan and the Yueqin. Measurement and analysis of sound radiation patterns of the Chinese Ruan and the Yueqin. Florian Pfeifle // Musicological Institute // University of Hamburg. Overview. Ruan. Yueqin. Overview. Ruan. Yueqin. Round resonance body. Round resonance body. Overview. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Ruan and the YueqinMeasurement and analysis of sound radiation patterns
of the Chinese Ruanand the Yueqin
Florian Pfeifle // Musicological Institute // University of Hamburg
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
• Round resonance body • Round resonance body
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
• Round resonance body • Sound holes
• Round resonance body• One small sound hole
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
• Round resonance body • Sound holes• Bridge
• Round resonance body• One small sound hole• Strings coupled to body
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
• Round resonance body • Sound holes• Bridge
• Round resonance body• One small sound hole• Strings coupled to body
Different timbre!
Overview
Ruan Yueqin
• Round resonance body • Sound holes• Bridge
• Round resonance body• One small sound hole• Strings coupled to body
Different timbre!
Methods
Measurement• Minimal Energy Method
[Bader, JASA 2010]• Reconstruction of the sound
radiation • All instruments are
measured with a 11x11 microphone Array
• All depicted sound radiation are the result of a single measurement (a knock, or a string)
Modeling• Pseudo-Spectral Finite
Difference Scheme [Fornberg, 1996]
• Time-stepping with NVS-Algorithm
• Whole instrument geometries are modeled
MEASUREMENTSRuan
Spectrum of the back-plate
Spectrum of the back-plate325 Hz
Lighter color = higher sound pressure level
Spectrum of the back-plate
456 Hz
Spectrum of the back-plate702 Hz
Spectrum of the back-plate1015 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate
Helmholtz Frequency (extended Rayleigh notation):
Spectrum of the front-plate317 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate336 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate406 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate
451 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate817 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate578 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate656 Hz
Spectrum of the front-plate1037 Hz
Air modes // One sound hole closed
Air modes // One sound hole closed
Ruan Intermediate Results
• Two peaks in the spectrum are air modes• Characteristic modes appear twice in the
spectrum: • Front-plate radiation only
Ruan Intermediate Results
• Two peaks in the spectrum are air modes• Characteristic modes appear twice in the
spectrum as: • Coupled air-front-plate radiation
First vs. second string
First vs. second string fundamental
96,8Hz
148Hz
First vs. second string first partial
First vs. second string third partial
MEASUREMENTSYueqin
Spectrum of the front plate
Spectrum of the front plate
233 Hz
Spectrum of the front plate
379 Hz 420 Hz
Spectrum of the front plate
530 Hz 684 Hz 1048 Hz
Intermediate Results
• The fundamental frequency of the Yueqins front-plate is lower
• Spectrum of the Yueqin is “smoother”• The Helmholz of the Ruan plays a crucial role
in the sound radiation• Other air modes of the Ruan are important
too
SIMULATIONRuan and Yueqin
Model of the Ruan without soundholes
Model of the Ruan with sound holes
Model of the Yueqin
Yueqin simulated sounds
• Yueqin without hole
• Yueqin with hole
• Yueqin with hole and frets
• Yueqin without air
Results
• The difference in timbre is linked to the presence of the front holes
• The air volume not only influences the sound radiation but also the vibrational behavior of the front-plate
• The position of the bridge influences the excited spectrum on the front-plate
Further Work
• Research the effect of the air volume and the sound hole of the Yueqin
• Research the interaction between the air and the front-plate
• Research and refine the boundary conditions for both front-plates
Further Work
• Research the effect of the air volume and the sound hole of the Yueqin
• Research the interaction between the air and the front-plate
• Research and refine the boundary conditions for both front-plates
Questions // Remarks?