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The Scientific Method

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Page 1: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Page 2: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”)

Only accepted way to do this!

Steps are not always followed in the same order.

Page 3: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method involves 7 steps: Observation__________HypothesisExperiment/ResearchAnalyze the Results___________Communicate the Results

Page 4: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Which steps of the Scientific Method are not mentioned in this video? ____________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 5: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Observation- You ________ something in the material world, using your senses “Hmm…I wonder why”….

AH—Look at this!

Page 6: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Question- You ask a question about what you observe.

State the ________ or question.

“Which color of light do plants prefer?”

Page 7: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Hypothesis- You predict what you think the answer to your question might be.

You MUST ___________ first

“Plants prefer the color green, because they are green themselves.”

Page 8: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific MethodExperiment - You design a way to test whether your hypothesis is correct. Research – Sometimes testing a hypothesis requires many more detailed _______________.

Must be measurable (have numbers!) Record (write down) and analyze (think about!) data.

Page 9: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Analyze the Results Record your data carefully and create ______ and graphs to make the results clear.

Page 10: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method

Conclusion After completing the experiment and analyzing the results, you write up “your _______” of the experiment. What happened? Was your hypothesis supported or not?

Why did this happen? What did you learn?

What would you do next?

THINK DEEPLY.

Page 11: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Scientific Method Communicate the Results Share your

_________ with the world. This allows others to learn from your work and test your hypothesis further.

(Besides, you can’t win that Nobel prize if no one knows about your discovery!)

Page 12: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Why is it important to have a control group?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 13: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

The Lab ReportExample Title (centered and underlined)

Question: What color of light do plants prefer?

Hypothesis: Plants prefer green light because they themselves are green.

Page 14: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Prediction: Here is your if/then statement. If I put plants under different colored lights, then the plant under the green light will grow the most.

___________ your experiment.

Page 15: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Independent, Dependent and Controlled Variables

The independent variable is the variable that you decide upon. You are trying to see if changing it affects the results. In this case the _____________is the independent variable.

The dependent variable is what should change because of the independent variable. It depends on the independent variable. In this experiment it is the ______

_____________. It is the thing we measure.

Page 16: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Whoa! Hold On! What if the plants aren’t all the same kind?”What if I forget to water some of them for a

couple of days?What if I have one next to a window?

These are all examples of variables that need to be ____________: CONTROLLED VARIABLES (the book calls them constants). They are things that can change in an experiment but wouldn’t be fair if they were different for each group.

Page 17: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Controlled Variables (Controls)

The controlled variables are things that must all stay the same or you’ll never know if they were the reason for the results you got.

Maybe the plant grew taller because it got more water not because of the color of the light. Not ________ them can really mess up your experiment! Amount of water, kind of plant and a dark room are some of your controlled variables.

Page 18: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Setting up your Experiment

Control Group (different from controlled variables)

This group would have white light. It is the group where you _________ control the color so you can compare your experimental group to it.

1 Control group of at least 2 plants

Page 19: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Experimental Group

This is the group that you _______ your independent variable to.

Each sub-group of at least 2 plants (more is better, can you guess why?) would have a different color light.

Example: 1 group of plants for red light, 1 for blue, and 1 for green.

Page 20: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Materials: 4 groups of at least 2 plants Colored lights: white, red, green, blue Ruler 16 of the same size pots 5 bags of the same soil type Water Data Table to record measurements.

.

Page 21: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Procedures: 1. Place 4 groups of plants in a dark

room. 2. Measure the height of each plant

before beginning the experiment 3. Place a different colored bulb over

each plant. 4. Allow each plant to grow

undisturbed for two weeks, remembering to water all equally.

5. Measure the ending height of each plant, and calculate how much each grew.

6. Graph your results.

Page 22: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Results:

Light Color

Average Height of plants incentimeters

Page 23: The Scientific Method. Used by scientists to support or _______ a theory (“how do you know?”) Only accepted way to do this! Steps are not always

Conclusion: The results did not support my hypothesis. The plants grew taller under the blue light. They actually grew the least under the green light.

Light color does affect plant growth and blue light provides the most energy.

After doing more research, I discovered that plants appear green because they reflect green light to our eyes. If they reflect green light they can’t use it for photosynthesis.

Next I would like to research the affect of light intensity on plants.


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