THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

1 November 1999

Your Excellency,

I should like to thank you for your kind letterdated 25 September 1999.

I attach great importance to promoting andensuring an integrated and coordinated implementationand follow-up to major United Nations conferences andsummits through the One World United Nationsconference series. I am particularly pleased that youhave involved young people in such an active way.Your work is very much appreciated and clearlycontributes to the United Nations' work in this area.

I wish you the best for continued success in thefuture.

Please accept, your Excellency, the assurances ofmy highest consideration.

Kofi A. Annan

His ExcellencyMr. Rinchinnyamyn AmarjargalPrime Minister of MongoliaUlaanbaatar

R0UTINGSLIP F1CHE DE TRANSMISSION

TO: Ms. Gillian Sorensen

FROM: >^ |DE: Yohannes Mengesha faRoom No.— No de bureau

$-186?FOR ACTION

FOR APPROVAL

FOR SIGNATURE

FOR COMMENTS

MAY WE DISCUSS?

YOUR ATTENTION

AS DISCUSSED

AS REQUESTED

NOTE AND RETURN

FOR INFORMATION

Extension — Poste pale

V^8 17/1 0/1 QQQPOUR SUITE A DONNER

POUR APPROBATION

POUR SIGNATURE

POUR OBSERVATIONS

POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER ?

VOTRE ATTENTION

COMME CONVENU

SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDS

NOTER ET RETOURNER

POUR INFORMATION

This is a very nice project involvingyouth, spurred on by the Government ofMongolia and implemented with the help ofNGOs.

Perhaps your office could prepare a shortacknowledgement to be signed by the Secretary-General.

Thank you.

COM.6 12-78)

\uflHi I I W Hfj

IU—/

EXECUTIVE OFFICEOF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

Translation from Mongolian

UlaanbaatarDate: 25 September, 1999

Excellency,

As a follow-up to the previous letter dated January 7,1999,1 have the honorto draw once again Your Excellency's kind attention to the innovative projectknown as the "One World UN Conferences series" initiated by the Government ofMongolia and implemented in close cooperation with the organizations of the UnitedNations system represented in Ulaanbaatar as well as the non-governmentalorganizations. The project, consisting of six national conferences, emerged as anational response to the United Nations objective, so ably articulated by YourExcellency on numerous occasions, to promote and ensure an integrated andcoordinated implementation and follow-up to major UN conferences and summits of1990s. The series covered the conferences on children, human rights, population,social development, women, and the national summit, all held in 1998-1999. At theclosing summit we had the pleasure of welcoming the Under-Secretary-GeneralMr.Kensaku Hogen as Your Excellency's Personal Envoy.

Young delegates aged 15-19, including those with disabilities and from low-income families, from all over the country participated in these conferences. Themain purpose of these conferences with the direct and active participation of theyouth was to raise the awareness of the general public of the goals set and thecommitments undertaken by governments, to promote dialogue with the decision-makers on follow-ups and to encourage an active involvement of the youth, the civilsociety and the local governments in the implementation of the relevant nationalplans of action. Hundreds of interesting, thought-provoking and helpful ideas havebeen flagged and proposed during these conferences.

These conference series resulted in the adoption of the national developmentstrategy, aptly portrayed by the participants themselves as "turning from amosquito into a busy bee", a strategy to be reflected in the national policy. As aresult of these conferences, "One World Clubs" have been established in all 21

• ••/ •

His Excellency Mr. Kofi AnnanSecretary-General of the United NationsNew York

aimags (provinces) and the capital city of Ulaanbaatar with the aim of expandingfurther the project and closely monitoring the implementation of the plans of actionat the local level. These "clubs" are a reflect|p^n oJFJncreased involvement of NGOsand especially the youth, who represent the vast majority of the population, inpromotingjhe goals of the UN conferences and summits, whose creative energiesare yet to be untapped and put to the use of the society. We believe that the initialaim of the project has been attained.

Bearing in mind the inspiring results of the One World Conference series, itis my earnest belief that other members of the United Nations might find itinteresting and even useful. They could benefit from replicating this project, withthe appropriate adjustments, in their own countries. In this respect, myGovernment is prepared to cooperate with the United Nations in sharing ourexperience with others.

Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration.

Rinchinnyamyn AMARJARGAL

Prime Minister of Mongolia

GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLIA

Ulaanbaatar

3pX3MC3f HOGHTOH,

1999 OHbi H3rAYr33p capbin 7-Hbi eApm/m 3axnAa/iA AVPfla>K6ai/icaH "Hsr epTemj, HY5-bm uyspa-n 6ara xyp/iyyA" XSMSSX iimns/isrrecejiA 3px3Mcar HOGH TaHbi anxaap/ibir xaHAyy-naxbir aesmeepHe YY-MOHTOJI y^cbiH SacrnMH raapaac caHaanmicaH SHSXYY rec/iMMry^aaH6aarap XOTHOO re/iee-ne/iTSM HYB-biH cucjeMMMH 6ai/iryyji^aryyAScmoH TepuMH 6yc 6aiiryy^^aryyATati Hqrr xaivnpaH x3psr>KYY-nc3H KDM.YHASCHMM X3MX33HMM 6 yAaarnMH 6ara xyp^aac SYPACSH 3H3xyyTGce/i Hb 1990-33A OHA HYE-biH MB33^ Aop 6o^coH p$mv\\/\H Saraxypa/i, A33A XSIVDKSSHMM yy^sa^jyyAaac ASBLUYY^CSH aopn^ryyAbirH3PAC3H soxnuyyjia^raap xaHran x3p3r>KYY^3XT3i/i xo/i6orAyy/iaH3px3MC3r HOGH Ta o/iOHiaa T3MA3r/i3H xs/ix 6awcaH nyxa^ sopmiTbirx3p3rxYY-n3X3A HMTJISCSH YHASCHUM apra XSMXSS OO^COH IOM.6ara xyp/iyyAbiH xypaaHA 1998-1999 OHA XYYXSA, XYHMM apx, xynHMwrMMMH xerxmi, 3M3rr3MHYYAMMH acyyAJiaap SO^OH YHASCHMW A33AX3MX33HMM yy/isa^TyyAbir jyc rye SOXMOH 6awryy^Jiaa.A33A X3MX33HMM yyjisa/iTaA 3px3MC3r Hoe'H EpeHXMAapra TaHbi Sue Te^eejierneep TaHbi op/iorn HOGH KencaKy XorsHopo/iucoHbir AampaMA T3MA3r/i3X3A Taaraw 6awHa.

Manaw opHbi GHuer 6y^aH SYPSSC xypan uyr/iacan 15-19aa/iyynyyA, TYYHMM Aorop raxwp AyTyy 6o/iOH op^oro

rsp SY/IMMH xyYXAYYA 3Arssp xypa^A Te/iee/ierHeep opo/iucoH 6n;i33.3a/iyy YSH^HXHUM ujyyA, MASBXTSM OPOJIUIOOTOM SOXMOH 6aPiryy/icaH

T6C/1MMH roji sopn^ro Hb HYE-biH 6ara xyp/iyyAaacaopn/iT, sacrMMH raspyyAbiH XY/139C3H YYprnwH ra^aapxn

EaMryyjuiarbiHEpenxni/i napuMH SMHTHMH Aapra3px3MC3r HOGH KOCJDM Annan TanaaHbio-l/lopK

-4-

axun/iaraaHbiepi/wH 6yc SO/IOH

6\xv\v\ Ji 6aMryyjuiaryyA, opon HyrrnMH sacar aaxupraaHbiopojiu,oor xanraxaA OPLUHHO. TGC/IMMH XYPSSHA SOXMOH Satiryy/icaH6ara xyp/iyyAbm yesp COHMPXOJITOM, liinHS^sr canaa 6op,on

OJIOH nyxa/i cana/i ASBLLJYY^CSH 6o/ino.

AYPAcan yuppcHm uyepa/i Sara xyp/iyyAbiHOHOBHTOM SYMP^SH x3/icH33p "ULJyMyy/iaac

6o,ni4rooe" XSMSSX YHASCHMM xer>iaim/iH CTpaierMPirrapracan 6ere0A TYYHMMT yuppcHMM 6oAnoroA rycraxIOM. Men TecjiMMr xspsrxYY^CHMM yp AYHA uyspa/i 6ara xyp/iyyAbiHaopn/iTbir uaaiunA eprexyYJiSH ypariu^yy/iax, opon Hyrrni/iH yv\naxurmaraaHbi xeTe/iSepYYAHWH xspsrxn/iTSA x^Ha^T rasMx aopmiro

Hsr epieHu icny6"-bir MoHroji y^cbiH 21 aMMan SO^OHXOTOA 6aPiryy^aH axun/iyy/ix 6a\/\ua. MMHXYY KJiy6

6atiryy^caH Hb HY5-bm MBSS/I AOP SOJICOH uyspa^ 6ara xyp;iyyAaacA3BLUYY-nc3H sopmiryyAbir xspsrxYY^sx Y^^CT Tepi/wH 6yc6atiryy^^aryyA SOJIOH Manaw xyn aMbiH AH^-n3HX 6ereeA HMMTMUMHcaiiH cawxHbi rycbiH TY/IA CYTSSJIH spn xynss uaaiunA 3Opny/iaxynupjaM XYYXSA, aa^yynyyA epreneep opo^uox 6yv\r HJITTSH xapyy/ias.Yr T9CJ1MMH 3XHMM SOpM/ITO 6ne/13^33 0/1/1OO T3X Y33X 6aMH3.

Hsr epreHU, uyspa/i 6ara xyp/iyyA MMHXYY csirs^ AOFAJIOM YPXYPCHMMT xapra^san TyyHnOir HYB-bin rmiiYYH SycaA OPOH

coHwpxox, Tspn 6ai/iTyraM YP aniMrraM XSMSSH XYJISSH asn, eepCAHMHHexuie^ 6aiiAa^A HMMUYY^SH yp AYHTSM xspsrxyY/ix 6o^ox IOM. Hi/mrsxasaac MOHTOJI y/icbm SacrnMH rasap SHSXYY Typm^arbir 6ycaA yJicopOHTotf xysaa/iuax nur^s/issp HYB-raw xaMipan axu/maxaA 63/13H6awraaraa

3pX3MC3F HOGH TaHA H3H 6HA6P XyHA3Tr3^33 M/13pXHM/lX

6aPiraar MMHb xY-n33H asn COG'PXOHO yy.

UNITED NATIONS* MONGOLIA

1PREFACE yfll/IPTTAJl

In the 1990s the United Nations held a series of WorldConferences to address urgent socio-economic problemsfaced by all member states. Collectively, these high profilemeetings crafted a global consensus for a new developmentagenda for the 1990s and beyond. The entire internationalcommunity united to achieve these shared values, strategies,and goals.

Having actively participated in these important globalconferences, the Government of Mongolia has taken followup actions in collaboration with its development partners,including multilateral and bilateral donors, and internationaland national non-governmental organisations. This report,Mongolia's Follow-up to the UN Global Conferences, captureseach conference's goals and assesses the progress ofMongolia's attempts to implement the policies articulated ateach conference. Both policy and programme initiatives ofthe government, non-governmental organisations (NGOs),and the United Nations Organisations in Mongolia arehighlighted in each chapter. By acknowledging diverseinitiatives of the past and identifying gaps, this documenthopes to stimulate further efforts to achieve the conferences'goals in Mongolia.

The attached booklet introduces a set of integrated socialindicators to capture key conferences' goals, national targets,and then gauges the status of their implementation in Mongolia.These integrated indicators were developed on theunderstanding that all conferences included multi-sectoralgoals and that the indicators articulated at one conferenceare refined at subsequent conferences.

This document covers the seven key global conferencesmost relevant to promoting sustainable development inMongolia.

Finally, we would like to thank the many individuals andinstitutions that have provided enormous inputs and supportfor the preparation of this document. Special thanks goes tothe government counterparts, NGOs, UN Theme Groups, theOne World Conferences Team, and the youth and children inMongolia who have provided the beautiful pictures featuredthroughout this document.

Douglas GardnerUN Resident CoordinatorApril 1999

MyyncaH flanxufiH A33A xauxaamni yAaa AapaaraflH Bara xypnyyfl asnxsus/mwH 6nn33, Bara xypnyyAaap xsnann

ynnflaa wyrermsa 6yxtiS acyyaaJi Barrcan nu. TOAOTTOH aryyjfcsc raflrssp

H xenKHX iunH330pnnTA3BiUYYn3X33p seeujH/it^eH cana/i HsrflWH(jynrss. Bara xyp/iyyflbiH nenafl OTOH ynaiH xaMTbiH HHiirjMmraiiH spX3M3pM3n33n, aopHnro, CTparerMiir TonopxowiOH Tvy

WH avrreri lyxan X3M33K y3«H 6nn33.

flaflH A31XMMH X3MXO3HM fl 6ara xypnyyflafl Monron ynctm sacnw rasapHA38XT3M oponqoH 30pnnro uJHHAB3pnfir Hb X3P3DKYYJ13XHKH TyfiA yncopHbixcc xewjiHfirflSMHH 6yu TYHUiyvA T/xaSnoan xoep 6onoH onoHianbiHxapwmaar xaHflHananHA. AOTOOfl, raAaaAbiH TepHiiH 6yc 6afiryyjwaryyATaiixaMTpaK ammax BafiHa. HYB.-UH Bara Xypnyyflim 30pnrrrurMoHrori V'nc

xypan rye 6ypiiiiH xsnsimraH acyyflan. A3Buiwnc3H 30p«nrofl yHuiHrHflbiHaHxaapubirxanqyv/iaxbiH cai yy T3Ar33pnfir MoHron ync x3px3H yAHp^nara6onroH X3p3r*yyn»: 6yS OaSflan, xypn tjyft ononr ai.i*KnTbir qsrH3HraHnnnyyjiaxbir XHHSSJISS. Tyvm/iSH 3n 6apnMT 6M4raiiH 6ynsr Tyc 6ypT3acnuiH rasap, TapiMH 6yc 6ai"iryyraiartiH /TBB/ caHaaMnara, xspsn-y/n*:6yS airain yiiiic, TYYHA Monron ync Aaxb HYS-bw reparonceH SaSryyniiaryyA

6onoH YHA3CHHH Tenssneree, raAraapHSr Monron yncafl xspsnKYY"* M6atiAaJi, OJIDJIT auxHnT, L\aaujAbiH TeflBKfir roa^oonoH TaHM^LiyynaxbirXM433Hryiin3B. Tepera<YYn3H TOBIOOJICOH xycHsmA TyxaiiH 6ara xypnaacA3BuJYync3H 30pnjiryAaaAapaarHHH 6ara xypnaap ynau GawKHH 6amH}KHorq uiMK*6\Kiiii 6onCHbiryxaapcHbixaa xapasp eyyjiran Torainy^naB. BapiiMi

xypnyyflbiH soptinr uiniiABspHHr xspsrxyvnaH 6yS Safiflan TO^BHMH TanaapHYB BonoH RsmMH 6aHK, 7yYH^Ji3H MoHroribiH HUMrMHtiH CTaTHCTHKcyAanraarapxn3H 6yii HYB-biH axnbiH X3cra3c 63nrr3H rapracaH 6ap»MTraniHitr 3111 6onroB. 3n GapiiMT 6«Mnr xapaaxan 6yp3H Terenflep 6onoor/iiF3H33 4 MoHroJibiH rsx aryyjira, ysyynanr 6yxnii SapiiMT oiwur

3t(3CT Hb, GHA 3H3 naTepnanbiF Osmrsxsfl eepCA««H qar aan, xynxeflonMepee xaHflMBnaH rycancaH xyeb xyr.iyyc, 6aSryynnaryyAaflranapxnaa mipuwnbe. fbianryfla 3acrHfiH raaap, TepMMH 6yc6afiryynnaryyA,HYE-biH AiuibiH xscryYfl, Har epreHU xypnbiH 6YJirnHHX3H 6ono« eapCAHiiH3ypcaH 3ypraap 3H3 Marepnanbir HHMIK rycancaH Monro/ibiH XYYX3A

flarnac fapflHepHYB-blH CyypHH Teneo/iern1999 oHbi 4-p cap

1

1

3

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

CHILDREN

/spfEF^/fjf^sSi}, fKpeli/lnll&

Jj.

v

: iP~d k^u

Prllg

ftjjixHfw XYYXAMMH flaaq MyyjiraH Hb flsjixwrn xyvflYVfl1™" ca"H caiixHbi rycbiHTSAHMiirTejieenHync rypHYYAxiiH yflHpnanHflxypaHMyyncaH OHi oryHJi HBflan KM.XYYXAMHH awbflHBax apx, xyvxAMiir xauraanax, xer>KyYn3x axoui YWICKHH ftuixMtw TyHxar6a MepwiiH xeran6epT HyywaHAOpojmorHHq rapbiH year aypcan 6mi33. Tspxyy TyHxar,MepxkiH xeien6ep Hb XYYXAMMH xeraain«H acyyflnbir xeHflceH, uar xyrauaaHbi xyebfl2000 OHbir xawap;aH ynflC3H 7, flaranqax 20 aopwirooc 6ypAC3H KIM. T3flT33p aopunroflnapaa ypc 6onoH 3XH«H 3Hfl3rflan, XYYXAHHH xoon XYHCHMH xoucAon, 6HMnr YearraiijiarflcaH 6aiiflan aspsracyyAan rycrarflcaHbi cauyy apYY" M3HA rap BY/I Teneenom,6onoBcpon, yHflHbi yc, apuyH USBPHHH yiiiWHnrisHHii Haafl aaxbiH

MaHaii rapHrniiH ync opHyya OHflep YYP3r. awnajiT aaax apM xynvwr flaiixHiw XYYXAHHHA33A HyynraHaac fl3Biuyync3H T3flr33p 30pnnryyfl eepiee aryyncaH KIM. TYYHHJTCHXYYXWMH apxMtir xaMraanax H3rnM3n 30punTbir xspsnKyynsxHiiH TynA3acrwHH rasap,TEE, flOHop SaHryynnara, onoH HHMTHHH M3fl33nnn«H xapsrcsn, xprsHMti HiiiirwHHH6onoH onoH yncbiH DaHryy^naryyfl oeop xoopoHfloo TYHUJHHH xapHnqaa Torrcuiijoor6m oonroxofl T3flr33p sopunr HejieenceH 6HJ133.

XyyxfliiiiH apxHHH ryxati 1 959 oHbi TyHxarr TynryypJiacaH XyyxAniiH apxiiMH 1989 onti KoHBeHq Hb HyynraHbi awwn ytincniiH wepiiMH xeTen6epHMH i;ap xypaa,cyypxiir SararracaH KIM. SacmtiH rasap, OnoH yjicbiH oaHryynnaryyAaac XYYXAMHH renea Boflnoro nsyy^ax apxayiiH opnuH 6YPAYY"C3H 0/10H VICBIH xyynb 3px 3yHH ainyyflKoHBCHU3fl opcoH 6nn33. KoHBeHL| Hb xyyxsfl awbfl aBax, sceH fl3B)KHX Hexi en 6YpAYYn3X Saianraar cawwpy ynaxaflHvirmcsH yMvip flonxHHH ync opHyyflbm HSH napyii

fl33fl X3M>K33HHI/1

I

I

I

I

I

BII

EOflJioro, xere/iEep

xeienSep

XYYXAMMH flssfl MyynraHfl MoHron ync oponL(o>K XYVX/IMMH xer>KnMMH YHfl3CHHMxeTenBepree aoxnx apra xaMxasHyvflnfir 1993 OHfl Tycracan 611 33. MonrojibiH a)Knn yiinCHMHYHflscHMM xeT6/i6ep Hb aopunro 4nm3n 6yxiiii MOFIJ WM. TYYH/I flanxniiH XYYWMMH flasfl MyynraHbiTynxar, 30pnnT 6onroH flSBwyYiaH TejieeneceH a>Knn yfinciaur canSap iycxeienSepniir TOflopxoCinox 4nr SapHMxaar TycracaH BOJIHO. A>KMn YRncwHb 2000 OHfl 6neriYYn3X flapaax YHflcsn 7 3opnm fl3BuiYY/i3B:

xniirssfl 5 xypran Hacnbi xYYXflMwn sHAsrAnnvir Gyypyynax;3Hfl3rflnniir 6yypyynax;

XYHC, T3)K33nMMH HO4TOM 6a flyHfla>K xoMCAnwr 6aracrax;VHflHbi i43B3p yc, apuyH tisaap, spyvn axypin xypT33M>KMiiir catijKpyynax;BYX HMiiTsap cyypb 6onoBcpon SSSMUJMX 6ononL\oor 6ypflYYn3x^HacaHfl xYpsnHflMMH SuMur ycsrr y/i TafijnarflcaH xysuMr 6aracrax;

6yS XYYXflHfiH xaMraannbir caM>xpyynax.

XyyxAMiiH A33fl Hyynranaap xsnarmcsH acyyflan, ASBUiyyncaH aopunrbirMonroji ync 1990 OHOOC MapwafinT rapraw canaa TaBMH xnnssn ayirsn rapran wpse. IOHMCE*,

I

IIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

THE CHILDREN'S SUMMITAt the 1990 World Summit for Children, world leaders gathered in NewYork and promoted the well being of the world's children. On thisoccasion, the World Declaration and the Plan of Action on the Survival,Protection and Development of Children were jointly signed. TheDeclaration and the Plan of Action comprise seven major goals and 20supporting goals related to child human development for the year2000. These included targeted reductions in infant and maternalmortality, child malnutrition and illiteracy, as well as targeted increasesin access to basic'services for health, family planning, education,water and sanitation.

The goals established at the World Summit for Children generated asignificant and sincere commitment for action from the participatingcountries. It also created new partnerships among governments, NGOs,donors, media, civil society, and international organisations forprotecting children's rights.

As a platform of the Summit's Plan of Action, the Convention on theRights of the Child was adopted in 1989, which itself drew upon the1959 Declaration on the Rights of the Child. Carrying the weight of

international law, the Convention provided a framework for governments and agencies to developpolicies benefiting children. The Convention became the world's most rapidly and widely ratifiedhuman rights instrument to improve child survival and development.

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTIONPOLICY AND ACTION PLANSMongolia participated in the World Summit for Children and translated relevantmeasures into its 1993 National Programme of Action for the Development ofChildren. The National Programme of Action of Mongolia, a set of planningguidelines, lays out sectoral programmes to achieve the goals set out in theDeclaration and Plan of Action of the World Summit for Children. The National

. Programme of Action established seven goals to be achieved by the year 2000:

• Reduction of mortality rate for infants and children under 5 years by one thirdof 1he 1990 level;Reduction of maternal mortality rate by 105 per 100,000;Reduction of severe and moderate malnutrition by half of the 1990 figure;Improvement of access to safe water and sanitary means to at least 85 %;Universal access to basic education;Reduction of adult illiteracy rate to 2 %;Improved protection of children in especially difficult circumstances.

Since 1990, Mongolia has made enormous efforts in implementing the globalagenda of the World Summit on Children. The Government of Mongolia, with

XOOA

AMXUAM

AHV-biH OHOH yncbiH xerwiMMH areninar 6ojion OJIOH yncbiH 6ycafl 6aHryynnaryyflbiHxapaMryfi Tycnani^aa A3M)ttn3[T3Mre3p MoHronbiH aacrwiiH raaap XYYXAMMH tenee XMMH6yti awMn Y^/icflaa awxunr oncoop 5aftna. Spyy/i HOUR, XYHC wxaan, eonoacpoji,43B3P yc, apuyH qsapnvtH xanrawsK, Taxnp flyjyy XYYXSA, ax, YPCMMH CBMH cafixHWrycbiH rynfl xufi* 6yr33x awnbiH sopMmw can6ap, 4Hrn3n rye Sypasp Hb TOflOpxoPinoofl

, XYPC3H AWDKMJ1TxyHupxntinaH flapanryiinax, spyy/i 6yc, XYHA xsi^yy axytf OPHMHOOC

aHm>Kpyynax ranaap TyniunsrH OJIOH yncbiH CaiiryynnaryyflbiH ryc/ia/maafl3Mw^3rT3Mr33p Tepen CypuPtH apra xsw>K33 ass 6aiiHa. FlnaHryna oxiifl 6onoH>Knp3MC3H, xexyvJi 3XHYYAMMH XYHC xoon, T3)K33JiMfiH acyyflanfl OHUfofi anxaapflar WM.TeMepner xnfirssfl CioflbiH xoMCflnbir 6aracrax aopn/iroop jeMepner, A, flPiofl aryyncan XYHCHMM 6YT33rfl3xyYHMMr xoT-cyypnH raaap, xeflee OPOH HyrarrxYprax aw^bir YP flyHT3M SOXMOH fjatiryyrnK 6afiHa. 1995 OHOOC xapsnKYynw 6yiiXOMCAHOOC oianrraancaH swrsrTSM TSMI^SX YHASCHMM xeienSepiiMHfioflwyyncaH flaec epren xspsrnsx aapnMbiH 6ofljioro 6apMMTanw np3B. V/ic opHbix3M»33Hfl XYHCHMM x3psm33 XYpi33M)KMMr cawjKpyynax, TyYHfl xflHanT TaBMx YYP3r,30pnnro SyxnH XYHC, T3)K33n cyfl/ia/ibiH TesuMr 1992 oHfl 6afiryyngB. 3ax 333nnflHHiwrMnviH KaMnaHUT a)«njn, rap SY/IMUH SODOBCOH »ypaMT xapn/maa, apyY/i a>K TepexecoHr flssflnsH catiwpyynax, XYYXAMMH spxMMH KoHB8HL(M(iH aaa/ir, sopMJiryyflbirX3P3OKYY/13X3A Hb KDHMCE* GYXHM n ranaap fl3M>Kii)K 6aiiHa.

Byxufi O^OHA cyypb 6o/ioBcpon 333MiiiyYn3x luaapA/iarbir xanraxun ly/ifl SacrnfiHrasap 6onon lepufiH 6yc 6aiiryynnaryyfl 6ara nxysMMH M3i43pji3ryYflM(irfl3M>KMH xenKyynsx GoAJioro 6apnMT/iaH asyynw npnaa.M YI SapaM A/i6an 6yc cypra^raap 6onoscpon onrox YnflscHMii xerenBepufirrasap 1997 OHfl Baia/icaH 6M/133. BYX Hniiisspas, TYYHMH floiop OXMA, 3M3rr3fiHyyAMMrspHMMTsii cypraniaA xaMpyyncan cyypb Bonoecpon 333MuJYYf3x, TOBUMH3M3rr3MHYYflMMH So/ioBCponbir caHwpyynax recnufir IOHECKO fl3M)KM)K 6aCiHa.ync opHbi X3M>K33HA XYYX3A cypryynb saacapAax RBAnaae cspsMxcnaxMMH rynA KDHUCE*anSan 6yc cypranrbin xeTe/iSepYYAnfir nsrsn aAnn

XYYXAMMH cTarycTati xo/iSooroM acyyAnaap MoHronA M3A3rA3XYfii4 axnL( raps Saftna.2000 OH rsxsfl x3p3DKYyn3X33p A3BiuYYnc3H sapuM sopwrn eneeAep 6Me/i3rfl33A SaiiHa.Tyxatijn6an: 1) Hflpafi 6o;iOH 5 xypran HacHbi XYYXAMMH 3HA3rflnniir Syypyynax; 2)

3MT3r33c aumwupcaH; 4) flapxnanwyynaxbiH eMHex yersfi xapbL(yyn6an ynaan. 6ypxanaap eannex roxMo/iflOJi Garaccan; 5) saKL(MH)Kyyna/iTafl xawaapyy^ax ysyynameHflep Safiraa GOJIOH 6) XYYXAMMH 3pxnfir xawraanax xyy/ib SarnarAcaHaap (1996OHfl) XYHA 63px axyCtn Hexqenfl 6yfi XYYXflMpiH xainraanan MSAsrflaxYiin cafi)KMpH33.

PSBH ync opHbi 3flMMH sacar, ync iep TOITBOTOM 6yc Qaapfiaac liianrraanaHXYY/XAMMH IV 4yynranaac ASBWYY/ICSH sapMM aopunrbir xspsnKYYnsxaA nsnssfl 63pxw33n,y-inpM 6aiirdar flypbflyyLiiTafi. SXMMH 3HA3rfl3n, xyHC jawsanHHH Bafiflan, aapwMH HOLITOMxowcAon, nanxcbw SMenCiH WMH 6ara Safiraa HBAnur Syypyynaxafl OHHTOM aHxaapyyaiTaR6afiHa. Byx HniiTSfl YHAHU qaeap ycHbi xyp3nL|33 xyprsaiuKK MoHronA HflMar xsssap SaiiHa.AMbcranwH aaMbiH xajifleapi eBMHeep 3HflcsH XYY^AMMH TOO SyypcaH XSAMM M 5 xypT3nHacHbi Hflpaw ypcMMH 3Hfl3rfl3n flopenTofi Gyypaaryii Saflna. SHS MSTSA Heneenw 6yftynup liianiraaHbi Heneer apvinraxafl 3acruMH rasap anxaapn, SOXMX apra X3MXO3 ascaap

XYPCSH ononr aM)KMJiTaa BaraTraH, 2000 OH 6onoH TYYHOSC i<aaiiJMXaxML| auwMmaA XYPSXHMF spwanasH ajxwnnax nsAnbir caiiwpyynax Hb HSH

nyxar K>M.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIn

IIIIIIIIIIIII

strong support from UNICEF, USAID and other international organisations, hassuccessfully acted on behalf of its children. Benchmarks for follow-up havebeen established in the areas of health and nutrition, education, water supplyand sanitation, childhood disability, and child and women's welfare.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Health andNutrition

Achievement

FutureChallenges

With support from international partner organisations, Mongolia has undertakenactions to eliminate the conditions that force children into vulnerable and unhealthycircumstances. The health and nutrition of both the female child and of pregnantwomen have received special attention. A programme to provide childcareservices and maternity homes fias been established. Effective measures havebeen taken to reduce deficiencies in iron foliate, vitamins A and D, and iodine bydistributing these nutrients in urban and rural areas. The National Iodine DeficiencyDisorders Programme has been operating since 1995 and uses universal saltiodination as its principal intervention strategy. Established in 1992, the NutritionResearch Center promotes and monitors good nutrition practices throughoutMongolia. UNICEF supports social marketing campaigns to promote soundprinciples of parenting, healthy living, and awareness of the Convention on theRights of the Child.

For basic education needs, government and NGOs support early childhoodeducation by'developing private sector kindergartens. Moreover, the governmenthas approved the National Programmes of Action on Non-formal Education in1997. To meet the goal of universal access to primary education (with specialemphasis for girls and accelerated1 literacy programmes for women), UNESCOsupports projects to increase women's literacy in Gobi aimags. In addition,UNJCEF sponsors a non-formal education programme to prevent school dropoutsin the country.

The condition of Mongolia's children has significantly improved since the early1990s, and some goals set for the year 2000 have been achieved. Particularly,the mortality rates for infants and for children under five have been reduced andaccess to information and services on reproductive health has been improved.Mongolia has also maintained a high level of immunisation coverage.

However, economic and political instability limits Mongolia's ability to meet thegoals set at the Children's Summit. Numbers of children in extreme difficultcircumstances, especially among the urban street children, are increasing everyyear. Strenuous efforts to reduce the maternal mortality rate, severe and moderatemalnutrition, and low birth weights are required. Universal access to safe drinkingwater remains unachieved. Although overall child death from acute respiratoryinfections has been reduced, the death rate among children under 5 has not beenreduced as dramatically. The government continues efforts to eliminate factorsaffecting these indicators.

I l i M

Baraxypan:

Afl6aH 6yc H3p

Earaxyp/ibiHAapraHap:SOXMOH 6aMryynarHMfl:

TBB-yyflbiH opoimoo:fl3BLjyync3H 6apMMT 6MHMr:

XspanKyv/wxaprasaM:

, HbW MopK, 1999.09.29-30

1 59 ync opOH, TYYHHM florop 79 ync rvpHMM opHbi rep, aacraiiH

BpafiaH ManpOHM (KaHafl), Mycca Taop (Mann)HYB-biH epaHXM HapMMH 6mrmH flaprbiH nassn flop, H YB-biHXYYWWH 6aiiryynnara fconoH H3[flC3H YHfl6ycafl 6aviryyiinaryyflbiH A3M>Krrar xynascaH,6 ync (KaHafl, Brunei, Ma/in, MSKCHK, FlaKMCTaH, lilsefl)Xvyxfl^MH spyyn M3Hfl, xoon xync, Sonoecpon, yHflHbi usasp yc,apiiyn 43BpniiH ranaap 2000 OHfl xypax sopumTepniiH 6yc 45 6atiryyn;iara opojiijCOHflsnxMM flaxuHfl: Xyyxsfl awbfl MSHfl 6aiix, xyyxflMwr xawraanax,xenKvynsx aiKMn yMncMfiH flsnxnwH X3MW33HMM Tynxar, MepnflH xeienSepYHfl3CHwii x3?«53Hfl: Xyvwiir xenKYY!i3x axvin YiincwiiH YHflscHuii xeTenSepHsnxniiH XvyxflMMH MyynraHbi oiir Toxno/iflyynaH H YB-biH Epenxnii AccawSneiiH1 996 OHbi 4yy/iraHfl 1 990 xsflSH oHbi flynfl ye xypmax ToiiMMHncoH laii/ianrnmrsnfl rycrax; Hsrflcsn YHSSCTHMM repe/wceH Bauryynnara xoopOHflbiHHarflMsn amnnnaraa, 3pyyn MSHflnfiH Soflnoro, BonoecpojibiH xawrapcaH xopoo;Ync open SYPMMH aacrafiH raapaacxyyxflUMH rsnee XMMX awnn yiincMMH YHfl3CHiiMxaT8n6ep; Harflcsn YHASCTHUS T3pryYi3X Gaiiryynara HYB XB (KDHUCEO) .

Conference:

Informal Name:Government Participation:Conference Co-chairmen:

Organisers:

Principal themes:

NGO presence:Resulting document:

Follow-up mechanisms:

World Summit for ChildrenWorld Summit for ChildrenUnited Nations, New York, 29-30 Sept. 1990The Children's Summit159 countries, including 71 heads of State or GovernmentBrian Mulroney, Canada, and Mussa Traore, MaliThe six initiating countries (Canada, Egypt, Mali, Mexico, Pakistan, Sweden) with thesupport of UNICEF and other UN agencies under the auspices of the United NationsSecretary-GeneralGoals for the year of 2000 for children's health, nutrition, education, and access to safewater and sanitation45 NGOs participated in the SummitGlobal: World Declaration and Plan of Action on the Survival, Protection andDevelopment of ChildrenNational: National Programme of Actions on the Development of ChildrenMid-decade review, with Secretary-General's progress report presented at the 1996General Assembly session on the anniversary of the Children's Summit; UN Inter-Agency Task Force; the Joint Committee on Health Policy and the Joint Committee onEducation; National Programmes of Action for Children within each national Government;UNICEF is the lead UN agency

I

I

I

I

I

ENVIRONMENT

II

II

I

IIIII

I

III

I

' • -^d'isSi

! 1 3

Ifn

fl3/TXWWHfl33flWWJ/VW

I

I

IEaiiranb opmiH, XenwiHHH HYE-bm Baraxypan 6yioyAanxHiiH flaaAHyyrraH Hb uapxyp33, xanaflucaH acyyAnaapaa HYB-biH 6araxypnyyflaac oHUfior MM. TOFTBOPTOM

6aHranb opMHHr xawraanaxujHHa sopmnbir flanxHHH

flaafl HyynraHfl opo/iMorHHA ASBLjyynaHTaBbcan 6nns3. flflyypan, xai xaparnaasapar xypaanaH 6yM OPHHHA ceper Heneayaw/!)* 6aiiraa TynraMAcaH acyyftnyyfltirflaaA Myynrawaac rapracaH ypnanraHfljycracaH 6aMHa. 3flniiH aacrnHH anneLUHMflBap 6aHranb opHMHfl ujyyfl HeneenflarTyn 6oflnoro,TeneBnero9Hnti MMT

HyynraHfl oponqorn y^c opHyyflbiH 3acrntiHraapyyflxynssH seemeepceH MM. XeramnAASM So^ox, Heree Tajiaac 6awrajib opnuHflxop xoHeeJiryH "TorrBopioii

1

Te/iesjieree 6onoBcpyynaxbm nyxa^bir rMuiYYH opHyyfl OHUJIOH TSMflsr/iscaH 6aiiHa. TVYHHOSH Byypaii xenKMmaiiGOJIOH xenKHHryM y/ic opHyyflbiH xoopoHfl xapunuaH apx rarui aiuwr coHHpxo^fl rynryypnacaH fls^xMMH spyyncapyyn MpaaflyiiH Twiee TyHUjflanHMH cyypMiir iyc HyynraH TaBHB.

Banranb opHHHfl SAHMH sacrMMH xeraovi HejieeiDK 6yii acyyAnbir HarACSH YHASCTHHH EaitryynnarbiH 1972OHbi CTOKroiibMbiH "XyH 6aXyp33ji3H 6yw OPHMH" Bara xypan fl3sp xeHflceH SHJISS. Bara xyp;ibiH AapaarmuyvH opHyyA 6atiranb opMHHr xauraanax yypsr 6yxnii Hsrflc3H YHASCTHUH Eatiranb opHHbi xere^SepxHrSMH 6onrocoH KJM. FaaM rap qaraac xoiiui Banranb opMMHA xop xoxupo^ ysupcaap 6aiixafl yjic opHyyflbiH3flMMH sacrMMH Te/iesnenT, uittiiflBap rapranibir xyp33/i3H 6yn opnuHr xawraanax acyyAanrati SOXHCTOMxoc^yynax axtMn ryH Bara XMHCSH 6aiiHa. OsoHbi uoopxoii, flanxMM HHMTMHH pynaapan, yc BOXHPAOJIT 6onoHSaMranMHH Heeuntir xa»ip HaiipryH qenweH auJHrxiax 6atiraa sspsr acyyflaJi Tyrujyvp 3apna)K 6aiiHa.

XypaanaH 6y(i OPMMHW acyyflnbir xeHflceH aHXHhi 6ara xypnaac XOMUJ 20 WH/IHHH Aapaa fla^xntir6oxnpAyynaxryM, 6aMra^MMH HexerAemryti He.eMOAxapuj 6yc xeraoiHMH crparerH SonoBcpyynaH AaranMepAexHwr HYB-aac rHiuyVH opHyyAflaa ypwancaH K>M. MeH TWHTSH xon6orAyynaH HSHXHMH ASSA MyynraHO^OH yucbiH 5 rapaa xana^Maap 6onoBcpyynaB.

AreHfla-21 - Rimm HUMTMHH TOITBOPTOH xernoiMiiH HSHACSH xerenSep;Bawranb opMHH, XerauivtHH PMomiiH rynxar - Vnc opHyyAWH apx, yvprnvirTOAopxoMncoH3apHMyyAWH BarmOH MOA xaMraanax rapaa - flajixHHH OHH Heeqefl yxaanar xaHAaH yAnpflaH

BuonorMHH repen syiinHiiH ryxaii KOHBBHH - 6HOJiorHMH Tepen 3y(inMHH HeeqHHrxaMraanax, apnr raMraH auiMrnax, yp ujMMHiir uiyoapra xypraax 6arajiraar

b, Liar yypuH eepsnenTHMH ryxaii KOHBBHU • AS/IXHHH eatirajib, a^ yyprHeneeniK 6yii xyHMH ayHnMMr 6aracrax 6cnoH ypbAHHnaH capntMnax aapHMyyAUH

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

THE EARTH SUMMIT

f*X& f f\ --(£•, -H -<-t tJIFVtV*

^^ U>

The size and scope of the UN Conference on Environment and Development, also known as the EarthSummit, was unprecedented for a UN conference. Member states committed themselves to a new globalpartnership for sustainable development and environmental protection. The Summit's message reflectedthe complexity of the problems facing human beings: both poverty and excessive consumption by affluentpopulations causes environmental degradation in the world. Governments recognised that they mustredirect their plans and policies to ensure that their economic decisions account for environmental impacts.The member states recognised need to create a plan for "sustainable development" that both supportsdevelopment and prevents deterioration of the environment. The Summit also prepared a foundation for aglobal partnership between the developing and the industrialised countries, based on mutual needs andcommon interests to secure a healthy future for the planet.

The relationship between economic development and environmental degradation first appeared on theinternational agenda at the 1972 Stockholm UN Conference on the Human Environment. After thisConference, member governments set up the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), whichcontinues to promote conservation .of the environment. However, since then little has been done tointegrate environmental concerns into national economic planning and decision-making and the environmentcontinued to deteriorate. Ozone depletion, global warming, water pollution and destruction of naturalresources accelerated at an alarming rate.

Twenty years after the first global environment conference, the UN encouraged member states to devisedevelopment strategies that would not destroy irreplaceable natural resources and pollute the planet. Tothis end, the Earth Summit produced five international agreements:

• Agenda 21 - a comprehensive plan for sustainable global development;• The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development - a set of principles

defining the rights and responsibilities of States;• The Statement of Forest Principles - a set of principles guiding sustainable

management of the world's forests;• Convention on Biological Diversity - a set of principles ensuring protection,

sustainable utilisation and fair shares of the benefits from biodiversityresources;

• Convention on Climate Change - a set of principles preventing and reducingfactors causing global climate change.

EArA xypnbiH 30Pumbir MowonnMBPffnere Eonrow EYM HbEOfljioro, xeie/iEep

flsnxMiiH MyynraHbi uwppapmr xspsnKYyjisx, Baiiranb OTJMHOO xawraanax appnnroop MwranbiH Sacrum raaap eepunenrLUHHSHnsmviiiH XSA XSASH apra XSMWSS ascan IOM. "AreHAa 21" AsnxuiiH xeienSepniiryAMpAnara BonroH SAHMH sacar,Bafiranb opwH, HHiirMwiiH TorTBOproii xenwiniiH acyyAnbir rycracan 21 AYr33P WHfl a!l<nn yiincMiiH MoHronbiHXerenBepniir Bonoscpyyncan IOM. Tyc xeTenBepwr afiMryyAbin SAMMH sacar, HMwreM, Baiiranb OPHHHW xopcoAraiixawrpan BonoBCpyynw, xeAee opoH Hyrarr onow HMHTniir epreHeep xaMpaH xspaDKYYi* Baiiraa IOM.

Tyc XeienBepeec raAna Bafiranb ofWHU acyyAnaapx YHflsCHnii raneBneree (1995), BuonomiiH repen ayPinMMH TanaapxTeneenepee (1996), UamMnrrsM TSMI<SX YHA3CHnfi Tenesneree (1996) BonoBcpyyncaH Hb Baiiranb opMHHbi TCfTBopioiixenKnuiir Monron ync Tyywraii BapuMTan* Byiirxapyyn* Baiina.

xeieJiBGp, ononr AWDKI/IHT

yuA

.. \ flsnxuMH Myynranaac AsaujyyncsH sopunryyAbir xspsrwyynsxsA HMITOCSH onoH apra XSMJKSS awKMnnaii SOXMOHIWIOH20A {/ffX6 BafiryynaB. TyxaSnBan HSHACSH YHASCTHUM Tepen)KceH BaiiryynnaryyA BonoMnaoii Aasyy ranaa auinrnaH BycaflQ3KUAA OZQQm>l BaiiryynnaryyATaPi xawrapn BaiiranbopMUHAxop xeHeen ynpyynwByii BspxLussnMiir ABBBH ryynaxaA MoHronbiH SacmfiH

rasapr ASM)«n3rTycnannaa yayyn* upsa.

"MOHrOflblH X6T8nB8P - 21" xerenBep Hb HBM, raspwH xoopoHflbiH, onon HMiiTMtir xaMapcan xerwnniiH BoAnoro6yxnii nyxan yssn BapiiMTnanbir BonoscpyynaH ASBiuyyncsH IOM. YyHMii yp AYW MonronbiH XyAanflaa Aw YfinABSpniiHTaHxnM, >Kn)«Mr BMSHSC 3pxnsrHAniiH xonBoo, MonronbiH XspsrromAii iw apx aiiirn(ir xaMraanax HMiirsMnsr aspsrBaMryynnaryyAbir oponuyyncaH TorrBOproii xenwwiiH Sesnenuiir BaiiryyncaH BaPtna. TyyHMnsH Baiiranb opnHHbiacyyAnaap X3A XSASH ww\ xsprniiH yynsanr, cyprani SOXHOH BaiiryyncHbi caijyy TorrBOproii xeraoiniiH Tanaapwn)KiirTecnyyfl xapsnKyyncsH 6nns3.

BnonoraiiH repen 3yiinniiH KoHBeH4T3ii xonBoo Byxiiii XSA XSASH recen raAHBi BaiiryynnaryyAbiH rycnaMx,A3M«n3rr3Mrasp MoHronAxspsraauK BaiiHa. BuonoraiiH xosop, esepMeu repen 3yiinnMr xaAranaH xaMraanax 30pnnrc>opTepniiH Bye BonoH Onon yncbin Bycafl BaiiryynnaryyflbiH ASMncnarssp rasap HyrrniiHxaa 11 xysMiirxaMraanambiH Bycrxawpyynax amr MoHronbiH sacrum raaap axraafl BaiiHa. TyywMn3H Buo/wram repan 3Y«nwiiH ranaapx awm yiincHmrenesnereer xspsnKyynsxsA HSHACSH YHASCTHMM BaiiryynnarbiH XeonnniiH XeienBepniiH raspaac caHXYY«YYn>K ByiiMonronbiH BuonorniiH ispen ayiinniiH receri yHsixyBb HSMSP opyynw Baiiraa Bunss. TyciecnMiiH xypssHAOpon HyrarrBuonomiiH repen ayiinniir xaflra^ax BoAnoro BonoBcpyynax, ryyHA onon HMMTHMH oponi oo, canaaMiwrbir ASMWHHBaiiraa IOM. TYYHWSH AOHOP BaiiryynnaryyAbiH ypflyKraii yiin awinnaraaraoximyyiax, BycaflBaiiryynnaryyAbiH HeenBononi oor AaviMnax yypsr Byxiiii Xypasnsn Byii OPHMHU UTrsnuiiH can BaiiryynaxaA rye reran SacmiiH rasapr Aawwrar

SuoAoauuHmopGA syttAutie

xctMzaaAax

t- * ^ DdKiicuiDUp^nDl iui iDU^fiun Aai/PJinm ixiKi^fjyynaAUiapicinj uu^vtuioinuctfJtiMi uniinm iviOHfO/l yflC DODOBCpyy/lCSH

np33 OyitH X3AMH H T3flT33pniir x3p30KYYn3X3fl eefMiem iunK3Mn3nr xwi« aiaapAnaraTaii Gawna. XapaotcvynanrGX yyflcaH flapaax

CTparerviiirx3p3ra(YYn3X3AAOHOpyncopoH,onoHyncbiH6aiiryynnaryyAaacY3YYn)K6yii

IIIIIIIII

aoxuoH BaiiryynanTbiH MexaHMSMurBonoBcpoHryii Bonrox;SAnfiH sacmiiH xenwiHiiH crparerviiir Baiiranb opMHbi acyyflarrraii aoxncrovi ywiAyynaxHapniiBMnncaH TorrojiL|oor6onoBcpyynax.

I

I

I

I

IIIIIIIIIIIIII1

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTIONPOLICY AND ACTION PLANS

The Government of Mongolia has responded to both the Earth Summit and to the threatsof continued environmental degradation in Mongolia with several reforms. Mongolia'sresponse to the Global Agenda 21, the Mongolian Action Programme for the 21 st Century(MAP-21), offers a blueprint for sustainable economic, environmental and socialdevelopment. MAP 21 has been developed and implemented in a decentralised andparticipatory manner at the local level with the Aimags (provincial) Action Programmesand by the Aimag Economic, Social and Environmental Committees.

In addition to the MAP-21, the National Environmental Action Plan (1995), the BiodiversityAction Plan (1996) and the National Plan of Action to Combat Desertification (1996)demonstrate Mongolia's strong commitment to environmentally sustainable development.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTSMany successful actions have already been taken to implement the goalsset forth at the Earth Summit. The UN agencies, in coordination with otherinstitutions, have used their comparative advantages to assist the Mongoliangovernment to overcome continued environmental degradation.

Mongolian A ctionProgramme

BiodiversityConservation

FutureChallenges

Supported by UNDP, the MAP-21 programme has introduced the important concept of inter-ministerial and participatory policy development. The process has spurred the formation of a

.Business Council for Sustainable Development, which has important links to the MongolianChamber of Commerce, Small Business Association and Mongolian Consumer's Association.A number of workshops and training on environmental awareness have been conducted, andsmall projects on sustainable development have been implemented.

In response to the Convention on Biological Diversity, several projects have been implementedin Mongolia with external support. With support from international NGOs and agencies,the government has set aside and begun to manage 11 percent of its total land asprotected area to conserve theunique biodiversity of the country. The Mongolia BiodiversityProject, funded by UNDP Mongolia and the Global Environmental Facility, is also a majorinitiative of the government to implement the Biodiversity Action Plan of Mongolia. Theproject supports policy development as well as community-based initiatives forbiodiversity and conservation at the local level. The project also-supports governmentefforts to establish the Environment Trust Fund that will secure both optimum co-ordinationamong donors and maximum resource mobilisation from other donors.

Mongolia has developed policy documents and strategies to promote environmentallysustainable development, but challenges remain to implement these policies and strategies.Implementation requires diverse efforts, including the following actions:

• Increase financial support from donor countries and international organisations toimplement strategies;• Develop and strengthen institutional mechanisms and provide for full public and NGOparticipation for implementation;• Adopt an environmental accounting system to integrate environmental impacts intoeconomic development strategies.

Afl6aH 6yc Hap:XnMnr3C3H sacrMHH rasap:

Ton C3fl3B:TEE-yyAbiH oponu.oo:

XsparwvvnsxaprasaM:

GwmexEara xypan:

Baiiranb OPMUH, xenKnMw acyyflnaapx HsrflcsH YHASCTH™ Bara xypan, 1992.06.03-14

Epa3nn1 72 ync opOH, TVYHMM AOTOP 1 08 ync rypHuCi opubi rep, sacrum raapwH isprvYH

Mopnc CrpoH (Kanafl)H YB-biH Bara xypnbiH HapniiH 6wrnMH flapra HapbiH raaapbaiiranb OPMMH, Tonaopioii xennwnTepMiiH 6yc Baiiryy/viaryyAaac 2400 Tenesnem oponi<coH33p3r433 30XMOCOH TBB-y'yflbiH nyyjiraHfl 17000 xyH oponLjcoHflsnxnii flaxMHfl: TorrBopTofi Xennn-2 1 , Baiiranb op^MH, XenKnMfiH acyyfinaapxPnorniiH TyHxar, Ofi MOA xaiwraa/iax ryxati Tspss. Baiirajib, i\ar yypbiH eepHnenrniiHTyxaii HYB-biH KoHBeHU, BuonomiiH repen syMnnPtH ryxaPi HYB-biH KOHBBHL;YHASCHMM X3MK33HA: 21 AYr33P 3yyHbi MoHronbiH axw \jmcmH TeneB^eree,BnojioraiiH repen syiinnfir xaflranax awmi yfincuMH Teneeneree, BycaATonrsopToti xeraainiiH acyyAan 3pxsnc3H KOMUCC, TorrBopioii xenx/iniiH acyyAan3px3^C3H Baiiryynnara xoopoHflbiH Xopoo, TorraopToii xeracnuiiH acyyA/iaapx A33A3eanenXYH repenxTSH, XypssnaH 6yti OPMWHU acyyAnaapx HYB-biH Bara xypan,(1972 OH)

Earth SummitConference:

Informal Name:Host Government:

Governments Participation:Conference Secretary General:

Organisers:Principal themes:

NGO presence:

Resulting documents:

Follow-up mechanisms:

Previous Conference:

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development(UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992The Earth SummitBrazil172 countries, 108 heads of State or GovernmentMaurice Strong, CanadaUNCED SecretariatEnvironment and Sustainable DevelopmentSome 2,400 representatives of NGOs;17,000 people attended the parallel NGO ForumGlobal: Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment andDevelopment, the Statement of Forest Principles, the United NationsFramework Convention on Climate Change and the United NationsConvention on Biological DiversityNational: Mongolian Action Plan for the 21st Century, BiodiversityConservation Action, Plan, and others.Commission on Sustainable Development; Inter-Agency Committeeon Sustainable Development; High-level Advisory Board onSustainable DevelopmentUN Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm (1972)

I

I

I

I

I

I

HUMAN RIGHTSIIIIIIIIIIIIII

-S 13

«j* £* £| ffl 4LYJ I ' . A ? /••>*••( l..,

f- ^ I r*i It \ \i''

Xyffffff 3PXI/MH BAM XXPA/7

YHA3CTHMM TorrormooHbi xypssHA nyyjicaH XYHMM 3pxnMH Eara xypnaapXYHMM spxMMH 6aMflan, axuu flsBiii/rnPir flann ASIXMMH XSMXOSHA aan ysaH rynraaHX3J13/H4C3H Hb TYYXT Y^H HBflan 6ojicoH 6MJi33.XyHMM 3pXMMH Bara xypnaacA3BiUYync3H BeHMMH Tynxar, YMJI awu/inaraaHbi XerenSepuPir 171 ync opHbiTenee/ierH X3J13S1M3H 6ara/icaH WM. TyHxar, AWMJI YM/ICMMH Xere.n6epT xennmiA3BLLMJ1, apflMMnan, XYHMM spx xapunuaH xon6oo uiYT3nu33T3Mr xypaaHryftnaHTOAOpXOMJDK, 6yX HMHT33p33 XyHMM 3pXHMT fl33fl/13H xeDKyyJ13X UOFL4

Teneenereer rycracaH

apxHiin acyyflan OJIOH ynqbiH xawrbiH HvifiraunsrvtHH x3M)K33Hfl apannavi6a»raa Hb Bara xypanfl esjvrrax a)KJibm flBiiafl awnrjiarflaB.BaMflan xsflnPirasp33flp33 TYB3IT3H 6o/lOBM 6yX y/IC OpOH Mp33fly^ X3Tfl33 3eBUJMnfl Xyp3X3fl BeHMMH

TyHxar ^SBIUMJITTSM yypsr ryiiU3Tr3C3H KIM. TyyHHroH OJIOH yncbiHHHMrsMjisr flanap xynuM spxniir spxsunsH xentcyynsx ryM/iBapraMBeHMMH TyHxar roflopxoiijDK, ryyHfl ync opHyyfl, YHASCTHHH xmSrssfl opoH

6yxMfi n xynMMr raran oponuyy/iw, cana/i COJIMJIUOX, Tejieejiex,UJMH3 rorrormoor 6ypAyy/i3X3/t Tyjixsq 6onos.

spxHMH acyyAnbir HsrflcaH YHASCTHMM 6aiiryy/inara tMMHXYY OHL^JIOH aesY33Xfl33 xyHMM spxMMH 6yxnM ji Tanbir xawapcaH xyynb, spx ayiiH yH^sc cyypb6ypAYYn3XHtir MyxanMHncan 6aMHa.TyxaMn6an, anus xyMyyH XYHMM ecoop aw,repexefl 3aMJi6apryM nyxan, XYHMM repe/ix wen ManapraM xyCiH xor6ooTOMacyyAnbir TycracaH XYHMM SPXMMH 1948 OHW Tyr33M3n Tynxaraac SXHSSA XYHVIMspxMMH ryxaii xyyjib syMH 6apMMT 6MMryyAHiir OHOH yncbiH spx ayMH ryyx3HAaHx TYPYY SonoBCpyynaH A3BiuYYnc3H K)M- XYHMM spx, nsryyp spx neneerA33AJ13X Hb 6ne xyH XMMrssfl HMMrMMMH rMLuyYAMMH xyBbfl otoyH 6M/i3r, asbnac•naflsapaa xenKYY-n3X> ^OJIOMDK naflaBXMa HSSH flaMnnax nyxasi nexuen 6o/iflor6nn33, HsrAcsH YHA3CTHMM XyHMw 3pxMMH TspryY-fisx 6aiiryyjijiara 6on XYHMMSpXMMH KOMMCC (OM.XyHMM 3pXMMH 3J1 KOMUCC XyHHM 3pXT3M XOJl6oO 6yXMM

acyyflnaap canaa 6oflon, flyy xoonoMroo MnspxMMnflsr aacrMMH raaap6aiiryyjiJiara K>M.

XYHMM OPXMMH TyrssMan TynxarMMr Sar/iaMWMJicHaac XOMLUXM xyrauaaHAspxMMH TyxaiiA OJICOH aMWM/iTbir yH3n>K usrnsx, ry/irapaH 6yM 63pxni33n,AaeaH ryynax apra aaMbir TOAOpxoiinox aopunroop ASJIXMMH ASSA Myynran aapnaHxypanflyynaxaap EPOHXMM AccaM6/ieM 1989 OHA aiMMflB3pri3C3H 6n/i33.YyH33COMHO XYHMM SPXMMH flasH AsnxMMH X3MW33HMM HyynraH TerepaH XOTHOO 1968OHA 6oncoH KM. XYHMM SPXMMH TyrssMS/i Tynxar XYHMH rere/iflep 6oncHooc

xyraqaaHA epHeceH SAHMH sacar, HMMTMMMH xenKun, SHXMMH3M>KMX3fl HMrn3C3H 6oflnoro, xeren6epT3M XY

acyyAnbir HSH AapyM yn/iflyy/iax Hb nyxan XSMSSH onon y/icbiH xawrbinXYCSH maapAax 6oncHbir xapranaan flsnxMMH Bara xypnbir TMMHXYY xoep flaxbyAaaraa aap/ian xypa/iflyyuaB. 3ns SYXSH Hb OJIOH y/icbin xawrbm HMiirsMJiarxyHMM spxMMH acyyAnaap seBiuM/ifl xypn, BSHMMH 6ara xypnbiH y33n canaa,ASBLUYY^CSH aopMjiTbir yun a>KMnnaraaHAaa wepAnere 6o/iroxbiH sxjisn 6oncoH6M/133.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIII1

riiiiiiiiiiiiii

THE HUMAN RIGHT;COflfFEfiEJThe World Conference on Human Rights was a milestone for the United Nationssystem for reviewing the status and progress made in the area of human rights.During the Conference, representatives from 171 nations adopted the ViennaDeclaration and Programme of Action. The Declaration and the Programme ofAction outline a common plan for implementing human rights and highlight thecrucial links between development, democracy and the promotion of humanrights.

Preparations for the Conference revealed the complexity of human rights issueswithin the international community. .However, the Vienna Declaration signalledthat the participants had achieved a wide-ranging consensus about human rights.The Vienna Declaration provides the international community with a frameworkfor planning, dialogue and co-operation: a holistic approach to promote humanrights that involves international, national and local actors.

The United Nations has been addressing human rights issues by creating acomprehensive body of human rights legislation. Starting with the unprecedented1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations formally articulatedthat human rights are inherent in our nature and without them we cannot livefully as human beings. These rights and fundamental freedoms allow us todevelop and enjoy our intelligence, our talents, our conscience, our spirituality,and other needs as individuals and members of society. The UN HighCommissioner for Human Rights wasestablished as the main human rights organof the United Nations. It is theintergovernmental body and human rightsorganisation where member states voiceconcerns on human rights issues.

In 1989, the General Assembly called a worldmeeting to review progress made in the fieldof human rights since the adoption of theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights, and toidentify obstacles to extending human rightsand the ways that these obstacles might beovercome. The first global meeting on humanrights occurred in Tehran in 1968. The call fora second world conference reflected theinternational community's overwhelmingdesire to integrate human rights into policiesand programmes promoting economic andsocial development, democratic structuresand peacekeeping and peacemaking efforts.In this regard, the Vienna Conference-and itsfollow-up- reflects a consensus reached bythe international community on human rightsissues.

YncMMH xeTQiiEepM/ir Monmnync MGPfinere Eonrow BY ft HbBOflnoro, xeiejiEep

XYHMM spxMMr spxsMnsn Tywn6apTaM xeDKyy/iaxafl Monron yncbiH SacrnflH raaapOHHTOM anxaap4 upas. Monron yncbiH Hx Xypan 1992 OHA coepxoH 6aiancan YHflcaHxyynMHfl onoH yncbiH X3M>K33Hfl XYHWM spxMMH ranaap SapHMia/iflar X3M XSMHOSFTycracaH Hb rye yncafl XYHMM apxwMr flss/yisH xenKyynaxHMH yr cypBan>K Concon K>M.TyyH'HJiaH XYHMM SPXMMH ryxatf onoH yncbiH 29 repssHfl Monron ync H3ffl3>K, xyHMMspxiiMH OJIOH yncbiH spx ayiiH 6apnMT 6MHryyAMiir VncbiH MX Xypan coepxoH6ai/iaM)KMncaH 6nn33. fl3JixnMH 6ara xypnaac flseiiiyyiicsH aopn/ir, axvtn YMJICMMHxererGepHMr SacrniiH raaap yflnpflnara SonroH xyHMM spxnwr fl33fl/i3H xenKyynsxuMrXMH33HryiiJi3H 3pM3H33>K SyiiH M/ips/i Hb XyyxflntiH Tanaap aeax apra X3M>K33,SMsrreMHYYflMMH XenxniiMH Te/iesnerea 6onon MoHron yncun a»nn yiinc - 21 AYrsspsyyn X3M33X XeraoiMMH XeienSepufir coepxon Sara/icaH flBflan MeH 6onofi.

XYHMM spxMMr ryxavinaH spxsnflsr an6aH eafiryynnara xapaaxan 6aMxrYM rsnsa HMoHron yncafl 3^ acyyflnaapx Soflnorbir 6apb>K Gatiflar fl33fl Bafiryynnara Hb y/icbiHHx XypnuH XYHMM SPXMMH flsfl xopoo row. MOHTOJI yncafl XYHMM spxufir xaMraanaH

Tynfl XYHMM spxMMH YnflacHMM KOMMCC Safiryy/iax Tyxafiy33>K 6aMHa,

XGT9J159P, OJ10J1T AIVDKI/IJ1T

XyHtiuXYHUM 3pxMMH TyrssMsn TynxarMMH 50 >KM;IMMH oiir flanxnM flanap T3Mfl3rn3X3fl xysbHSMpss opyynaxbiH yHMp ispXYY owfl 63mr3H TSMflsrnsx YnflscHMM SoxMMyynax XopooOJIOH 4yxan acyyflan 6yxMM xeren6ep SonoBcpyynaH 1997 OHH rypaeflyraap capflBarnaH rapracan IOM. TapXYY xopoor Xyynb ayiiH cawflaap axnyynan raHXMMbm flopa>KwnnyynaB. Owr T3Mfl3rnsx xerenSepy XYHMM spxMMH csflssap Mmran Canirax,X3BH3H HMMTJiax, opoH flaflap 6YXMM ojioHfl TaHMynax, 6ara xypan, ceMMHap SOXMOHSaPiryynax, Tycraii 6onon epenxnii SonoBcponbiH flyHfl cypryynMMH cyparMflafl XYHMM3pxMMH acyyflnaap M3flnsr onrox cypranibin xeTen6ep 6o;ioBcpyynax, MSH snacyyfl/iaap paflMO, Tenesnassp onon TYMHMMT xawapcaH TaHMynra, HSBTPYY/ISF XMMX,ypanflaaH sapnan flYrH3X sspsr onoH TepnMMH a>KMn y^nc lycrarflcan 6aMHa.

3nfl erYynsH 6yPi XYYX3fl. 3M3rr3M'HYYflMMH GOJIOH TaxMp flyryy MprsflMMH ranaap-asax apra XSIIWKSSHMM yHflscHHii TenesrereeHfl 3aacaH4Mnan Monron yncafl xyniwspXMMr xawraanaH xenKYynsx ranaap MonronbiH SacrMMH raaap 6ycafl 6aMryynnaraTaMxaMipan yi3M>K XMH33n 3YTrsn rapra>K Mp3B. TyxaMn6an, HsrflcsH YHASCTHMMBaMryynnarbm XYHMM Spxufin flssfl KoMMccapun / HYB X3flK / TGXHMK TycnaM)KMMHflanrspsHPYM xeien6ep caHaa^na*, TyyHfl33 XYHMM apxMMH YhflSCHMM SaMryynnara6iiM 6onrox, 3pYYrwiiH xyynnMH an aflnyyisx 6oflnorofl eepHnem opyynax, TSMTxspr33c ypbflHMnaH csprMMnax, uJYyrHflMPtH ec SYMH yyxaM xyynb SonoBcpyynax, T3flHMMxapaar 6yc 6aiiflnbir Saiarrax sspsr onon acyyflan iycra>K33. HsrflcsH YnflsciHMMTorrormooHfl Sarrflar 6aMryynnaryyflTaii MonronbiH sacrMMH raaap 1998 onfl rapbinyear sypcan XYHMM SPXMMH 3eBLUMn4n.MMH Tynxar 6MHMrr Monron yncafl xyHMM spxMMHranaap X3p3r>KYYn3X TOflopxoM a»Mn YMncMMr HYB-bin reneenuM raapyyfl fl3MWMH3

HoinoB.

IIIIIIIIIIIIII

n

riiiiiiiiiiiiiii

iV I

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTION

POLICY AND ACTION PLANSThe Government of Mongolia made considerable effort to protect and promote thehuman rights of its citizens. In 1992, the Mongolian Parliament demonstrated itscommitment by writing international human rights standards into Mongolia's newconstitution. Since then, both Parliament and the executive branch of Mongolia'sgovernment have ratified 29 international treaties on human rights. The government'scommitment to human rights is further embodied in action plans adopted to follow-uprecent global conferences: the Action Plan for Children, Advancement of Women,and the Mongolian Action Plan for the 21st Century among others.

In the absence of a formal human rights institution, the Parliamentary Sub-committeefor Human Rights directs Mongolia's response to issues related to human rights. Adraft law for the establishment of a National Commission for Human Rights is currentlyunder review to further promote and protect human rights in Mongolia.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Government'sEfforts to Achieve

Human Rights

In March 1997, a multi-sectoral programme was adopted by the National CoordinatingCommittee on the Commemoration of the 50"1 anniversary of the Universal Declarationof Human Rights as a national contribution to ttie world-wide celebration of thejubilee. Under the lead of the Ministry of Justice, the Cabinet set up the Committee.The Committee's programme includes a range of activities: 1) preparation, publication,and dissemination of a nation-wide series of lectures on human rights; 2) developmentof human rights curricula for tertiary and secondary educational institutions; 3)training of trainers on human rights; and 4) contests and awareness-raisingprogrammes on radio and TV.

Under the National Plan ofAction on Children, Women,Disabled and others, theGovernment of Mongolia, incooperation with externalagencies, has undertaken toprotect and promote humanrights in Mongolia. Acomprehensive programmeof technical assistance wasinitiated, with support fromthe UN High Commissionerfor Human Rights(UNHCHR), to implementpolicies in the field of human rights, including the establishment of a national institution,revision of prison and criminal justice legislation, and development of a code ofethics for the judiciary and a strengthening of their independence.

Xytwu

OAOAR)

re/iee SacrniiH raapaac xspsfTxyy/DK 6yfi 6yxnki n awmifl3M>KMX3fl HYB-wH flssfl KOMUccap rojiJiox YYP3r ryMLisirsflar 6ereeflYHASCTHMM TononqooHfl 6ariflar Sycafl Gafiryynnaryyfl YHfl3CHMM spx nenee, HMMPMMMHH3H xypT33M>KMT YMnHMiirss 6onoH sflyypaJi, XYMCHMH 6aiiflan, TSHSMSJI xyyxsfl, flOXsspsr acyyflnaap rye SypuwH sqpmiro numsn, 3px XSIVOKSSHMM xypssHfl aacruPJHraapur flSMJKMH xaMipan a>Knnnaflar (OM.

xyHMM naryyp spx, 'apx nenee, apflHunanbiH renee a)Knn y£i/ic3MH6CTM WHTepHSUJHn, 'MOHFonblH H33HTT3M HMMF3M Xyp33J13H 33p3F TepMMH 6yC

X3fl3ri 6aMryynnafa MoHronfl SUM 6on>K,

3H3 6yxsH Hb apflMiinanbir 6aiaTrax, XYHUM TorTBOprofi xeDKnutir xanrax yfinxspn/wr XYHMM spxisti HHFT ynnflyynaH Hsrflwsn qoai acyyflan 6onroHT3Bb>K , xspsDKyynsx Ta/iaap 3acrnMH raspaac' HsyynaH 6yti XM433HryM

6arra>K Sawraa KJM. XYHMM spxnwr xawraanaH xeDKyynsx yMncflsa MOHFOJIOJI>K 6yPi aM>KnriTbir apflnnncaH HMMPMSS xenKYynsxMMH renee XMM>K 6yCi

a»<Mn ywncuMH yp AYHTSM xaMiairaH YHSHJK LISFHSX Hb SOXMCT HMMLISX 6yu aa.oncoH aM*MnT, xYpcsH yp'flyH 4aM/iaxaapryM 6onoBH HMMTSM - 3flMMH

raaryki Hexqen 6aMflnbm ypiunraap xyn aMbiH SOHXM OJIOHX, Tyxawn6anaflyyc, xynfl 6spx axyPi nexqenfl a>K rep>K 6aMraa xyyxsfl, 3M3rT3MMYYflM^H TOOynaM HSMsrflcssp 6atiraa Hb XYHMM spxuMH ryxatifl canaa CSTTS/I SOBOOCOH acyyflan6onoofl 6aMHa.

IIIIIII

I

IIIfl-fn

TIIIIIIIIIIIIII

SW ' Hr;

UN support toHuman Rights

Signed in 1998 between the Mongolian government and the UN system, theMemorandum of Understanding on Human Rights lists specific activities supportedby UN agencies in relation to human rights in Mongolia. The UNHCHR plays a key rolein supporting the government's democratisation efforts. Following their individualmandates, other UN agencies have been collectively supporting the government onhuman rights with particular focus on poverty, basic social services gender streetchildren, and HIV/AIDS.

A/ _ _ 'n addition, several NGOs, including Amnesty International and the MongolianN(jO Support tO Foundation for Open Society (Soros), have been established in Mongolia and are

advisin9 Mongolia in the areas of human rights, fundamental freedoms anddemocratisation.

Achievements andFuture Challenges

These activities pertain to Mongolia's efforts to link the full range of human rights tosustainable human development and the consolidation of democracy. Mongolia'sachievement in promoting and protecting human rights can be consolidated in anumber of areas, particularly in promoting a democratic society. However, furtherefforts are required to overcome the adverse socio-economic conditions affectingthe basic human rights of vulnerable groups, particularly poor, women, and children

Baraxypan:

An6aH6ycH3p:

SacmuHraaap:OponupoH

3acrnHHra3pyyfl:Bara xypnuH EpewnH

HapHHH 6nHmiiHflapra :SOXHOH oattryyncaH :

OpomicoHTEE:3H6apnMr6nHnr:

Mepgnere 6onrox apra 33M:

9w Hex Bara xypan:

3PXWWH SAWXyHMvi 3pxkMH flanxkMH Bara xypanBeHa, 1993 OHbiaypraflyraap cap, 14-25XyHiifi 3pxniiH Bara xypan

Ascipvi

171

HoeH H6paxMMa Oann, EpeHxnii HapntiH 6kwrviiiH flaprtiH Tycnann,Xynnvi 3pxntiH TeB/ Bara xypnbin HapbiH 6MMmCiH AapraHapbinraaap/XYHUM SpxuMrxawraanaH xeRKVYnsxyviTepniiH 6yc 800 napyi/i 6aiiryymaraBeHiifiH Tynxar, Awnn YMDCMMH XerenSepXyHufi spxniiH KOMMCC, TYYHMM flSfl KOMUccyyfl: TapryyroxKDMWxap /XyHnti 3pxnKH res, XyHnii SpxuMH xsnanL(33pMSflaonnnMH an6afl: Tycnafi CypBarDKnamnn:craTycbiH KOMMCCXYHMM apxuMH OJTOH yna>\H Bara xypanTerepaH,MpaH,1968oH

The Human RightsConference

Conference:

Informal Name:

Host Government:

• Government Participation:

Conference Secretary General:

Organiser:

Principal themes:

NGO presence:

Resulting documents:

Follow-up mechanisms:

World Conference on Human Rights.Vienna, 14-25 June 1993

The Human Rights Conference

Austria

171

Mr. Ibrahima Fall, Assistant Secretary General, Human Rights

Centre for Human Rights (Conference Secretariat)

The promotion and protection of human rights

More than 800 non—governmental organisations

The Vienna Declaration and Programme-of Action

Commission on Human Rights and its sub commissions; High CommissionerCentre for Human Rights; Human Rights Treaty monitoring bodies; SpecialReporters; Commission on the Status of Women

III1IIIIII

Previous Conference: International Conference on Human Rights. Tehran, Iran, 1968

n

POPULATION

XYH AMblH BAM WPAHOnon yncbiH xaMfbiH a^nnnaraaHbi xaHAnarur

TOAopxoiinox uiamraaH SYPACSH TyyxaH nar yeAXYH aw, XerjK/iMHH acyyAan xs/isnqcsH OnoH

y/icbiH 6ara xypan 1 994 OHA nyy/ican 6nn33.

flsnxHHH eceH xenKMiK 6yii XYH aw, xypsa/ian 6yii

6aiiranb opMHbi awiHH uiyraimssr caHiap ownroH

yxaapCHbi YHACSH A33P XyH aMbiH acyyflnaap

30xn'cT HHHUC3H Boflfioro, xeTon6ep6onoBcpyynaH 6arnax Hb yHsxssp rynraMAcaH

Myxa'n acyyAan Bonoofl 6a(tcaH yeA 6ara xypanBO/ICOH low,

XYH aMWH Tyxaii acyyAan

ByxapecTHiiH / 1 974 / 6onoH MexMKorMMH / 1 984

/xoep 6ara xyp/ibiH yp A/H, onon yncbiH XHtiresA

ync yHflscTHMM X3MW33HA xyH awbiH acyyA/iaap

fl3Biuyync3H uiaapAJiarafl rynryypnaH SHSyAaarMMH OnoH yncbiH 6ara xyp/ibir sapnan

B. AiicyM 20 WH/IMHH xyrayaaHA xyn

aw, XSDWIMMH acyyAJiaap onoH ync 6onoH ync YHASCTHHM xypasHA XMHK Syrssx axiMn yiincHviH MepwiiH xeTen6epMMrxansnusH GainaxaA Sara xypnbm ron sopunro, BM xon6orAon opmnw Saiis. XeTen6epi xyH BMA xawaapax anuB acyyAnbir

ujniiAB3pn3X3A HumscsH onoH SLUT sopunibir ToflopxotincoH WM. XyH aMbiH Tanaapx ryjiraMAcaH acyyAan Hb sesxen xyn

aMbiH ecejiTMMf caapyynax reflMiireep LJMHABSP/ISX apraryfi 6ereeA apsrrsM, SMSITSMHYYAHMH spx isruj 6yc 6aiiAnbir apMnrax,

flA/ypibir 6yypyynax, SAHMH 3acrniiH xenKyynsx, 6a(iranb opHHbir xaMraanaxran HHIT yHnAaaraii acyyAan MBH SonoxbirBara

xypa/iA oponi<or4MA xynssH saBiiieepeB. XyH awi, XODWIMMH TynraMflcaH acyyAnbir ujMHAB3pn3XA33 SArasp acyyflnbir muncanaHfMfl asn y33x apraryii 6nn33. Awwn YMHCMMH XeianBep Aop AVPbAcan YHACSH acyyAnaac 6ypA3* 6aiiHa. YyHA :

• Tsp 6yn TeneBnenTHHr 2015 OH T3X3A 6yx HMHTSA xauiaapyynax;

• TorrBopioM xerwHnTsfi xonfioo 6yxnii 6yx 6oAJioro, xerenfiepi xyn aMbiH acyyAnwr rycrax;

• 3M3iT3MHyyA, OXHAOA 6onoBcpon onrox.spyyn M3Hflnnr Hb CBXMH xauraanax, ax<nn xoAeflwep spxnsx

xypT33M)KT3M BonoM* BypAyynsx saMaap SAJISX spxniir Hb eprerrex.

AMO/IJ1YMJ1CMMH XeTBJIEePI/li/ir MOHFO/IYJ1CMepfl/iere Bonro>K BYI/I Hb

BOflJlOfO, X8T8J1B0PBara xypanfl SsnirsH yrrax mu,af\ MoHron yncbiH 3acrnfiH rasap Xyn aM.

C3flB33p AsrirspaHryM unirsn 6onoBcpyyn>K, TyyHfl33 OXMYYAHI/IH apYYJi M3Hfl, rsp 6\n

TenesneriT, XYH BMWH L(3B3p eceniniir / wnnfl 1,8 xyanac ftOOiurY^ / OHL\TOM aHxaapax

yHnpraii Myxan acyyflan XSMSSH ysflarss HOT/IOB. faaap Hyiar yyAaM flsnrap, xyn am

cMkipsr MoHron yncbiH xyH aMbiH 6oflnorofl xeDKnuMH naflaM>Knfir xapranacan xyn

aMaa ecrex 6oflnorbir rapryyH SafipaHfl rasbw upcan 6mi33. OnoH xYY*3fl TepYY/i>K

ecreceH sxMYYAMiir "3xwviH anflap" oflOHroop xexyYfisn uuarHaflar ynawxaianwr Tep,

aacar ecMnon BapuMiancaap BaPiraa Hb XYH awbin ecemnMr ypaMiuyy^iax Hsrsn SYMnnMH

Soflnoro MGH SonoPi.

T3pxyY UnrrsnA MoHron yncun xyn aw Gonon HuCiraM SAHMH sacrnwH xenKrmiir

T3HL(B3p>KYYn3H TorBopwyynaxaA HurnscsH XYH aMbiH acyyAnaapx awnri yMncuPtH

YHASCHMM Tenesriereer 6arraacaH GaPina. Xyn aMbiH ece/iTMWH xypflaac SAMMH sacar.xanraMWHMH yfiJTHmirssHMfi XSOKMH xonporflOHryM 6aPiraar oiinrocHbi

Teneenecen a>K33. MyxaM sn y^paac a»nn

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1R

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIi

THE POPULATION CONFERENCEThe 1994 International Conference onPopulation and Development was a defin-ing moment in the history of internationalcooperation. Recognising the impact of glo-bal population growth on development andthe environment, the Conference partici-pants seized the opportunity to adopt suit-able policies and programmes on popula-tion.

The Conference followed and built upontwo earlier population conferences held inBucharest (1974) and Mexico (1984), as wellas upon other past international and na-tional initiatives on population issues. Thehighlight of the Conference was. the adop-tion of the Programme of Action that guidesnational and international programmes onpopulation and development for the next20 years. Member states recognised thatchallenges associated to population pat-terns had to account for broad social prob-lems, including gender inequality, poverty,economic progress, and environmental protection. The resulting Programme of Action sanc-tioned a comprehensive and cross-sectoral approach to tackle issues related to population growth.The three pillars of the Programme of Action are:

• Universal access to family planning by year 2015;• Integration of population concerns in all policies and programmes related to sustainable

development;• Empowerment of women and girls through expanded access to education, health ser

vices, and employment.

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTIONPOLICY AND ACTION PLANS

As a prelude to the Conference, the Government of Mongolia developed a compre-hensive Country Report on Population and Development that reaffirms its commit-ment to maternal health, family planning, and natural population growth (minimum 1.8percent per annum). However, Mongolia tackles the problem of growth differentlythan other nations. Considering the small size of Mongolia's population, the vast-ness of its territory, and the potential for development, the government has pro-moted a population growth policy. Traditionally the government has encouragedpopulation growth by providing the Glory Award for Mothers for women with alarge number of offspring.

NationalPopulation

Action Plan

The Country Report also included a National Population Action Plan for the future thatseeks to balance population and socio-economic development in Mongolia. It wasbased on the understanding that economic growth and expansion of social ser-vices lagged behind population growth. Within the framework of the Action Plan, thegovernment committed itself to implement several sub-programmes to improve pub-lic health and education, to support youth, to increase employment opportunities, toensure food security and housing and to enhance population distribution andmigration.

vtet&i

TerteBnereeHMM xypssHA 6yx HMMTMMH apyyn MSHA, Sonoacpon, aanyy yeijMr xanaiwtoiaHflSMWMx, xeflenwep spxriam, XYHCHMM aioynryM 6aMAa.n, opoH cyyqHbicafwpyynax, xyn SMWH 6aMpmnn, ainrDKMni xefle^reeHMMr 3oxm|yy/iax aspar

nsrsn aflun x3p3DKYYri3Xl™r sacrnvtH' raaap 3opnm Bonron

Topt/OHYricbiH Hx Xypnbm rMuiyyA 1996 OHA canaaHiinaH flSBiuyyncsH XyH. aMNHSofl/iorofl XyH aMbiH ranaap xspsDxyYnsx ax<nn YMJICMMH Teneenereer H3r3HxawaapyyucaH 6aiiHa.YHfl3CHMM Bofliiorofl Kiynb; OMHS XYH aMbiH ecem, 3AwiiH sacar,HMfirMMMH YM/THM/irasHHM xerw/iMMH TOHUBspr xapbqaa 6nPi 6ojiroxbir HyxannHJias.TYYHHHSH HMPirMMMH 3M33r flaexpara, ryxaMnSan ecsep aanyy YBUMNXSH, eHflep HaciaH,raxnp flyiyy uprsfl, Hflyyc, XflXB/flOX -bm xanflsap aecaH xywyYcr anxaap/iaa

xaHflyyncan 6a«Ha. HexeH YP*MXYiHr soxi^yynax, SPYY^I NOHAMMH YwnMunrssrHexeH YPWMXYMH 3pYyn MSHflnPiH CrpaTernfir 6onoBCpyy/ias.

XBTejlBOP, OJ10J1T AIVDKUJ1T

Baczu&H

&3MXA3Z

Xyn aMbiH YHflscHuPi TenesnereeHnPi xypssHfl xapsraVyJisx xoep 4yxar xeiendepuwrf sacrMMH raaap 6onoecpyynaH raprae. YYHfl: HexeH YPWMXYMH 3pYYfi MSHAMMH YflscnuviX0Ten6ep / 1997 /.Sceep yenMHXHUM SPYYI MSHAMMH YHA3CHMM Xeren6ep WM. XYHawbiH BoAJiorur xspsrwyYisxsA nurnscsH awnn yMncuMr A3MWMH ujyypxaw apraX3M>K33 aeaxafl aopny/WK xepenre xysaapunaH caHxyy^YynsxsA sacrnPtH rasap HSJISSA

3YTrsn rapraH aMwuny onoe. SesxeH spyY^ MOHAMMH xeTen6epn£irSacrMMH raapaac 1993.- 1997 OHA yncun TecBuPiH 10 OPHMM xyebiaM

T3HL(3X X3MJK33HMM XepeHfe M6Hr0

XYH aMbiH Bara xypnaac AOBUIYYUCSH aopunibir xspanKYYnsxsA MurnscsH 3acrniiiHraspbiH YMJI awnn/iaraar ASMJKMH caHxyY>KYYJi3rM Hb HSFACSH YHflscTHnPi TOITQ/IHOOHA6ariAar Monron Aaxb HYB XAC - UH reneenen-ii'iMH raaap IOM. TyyHMnsH Hexen

MSHA, XflXB/flOX - WH ranaap MVM. 6yti aww/i ywncafl HYB-biH6aiiryyfinara, fl3MB, HYB-biH XentainiiH XeTen6epMMH / HYB XX / rasap

MA3BXT3M oponqcoop Mpnss. XYH aM, xenxjiMMH ra/iaap xapsHKYY^* 6yft apra x3M«33r'BaHK, ASMMH XeDKnuwH BaHK 6onoH >KAklKA sspsr 6aiiryyn/inara,

rycancaap upss. SanyynyyAbm acyyA/iaap 6onoH B3X8/ flOX-UH ranaapx caHaM>K 6n4Hr, 3eBLunni niii/iH TyHxarr MonronuH sacmiiH rasapraw HYB- WH TeneeHMM raspyyA rapwn ycsr aypcaH Hb MoHrojibin XYH aMbiH HexeH

aanyynyyAbiH spyyn MSHA, B3X9/flOX - bin ranaap XMM>K 6yPi a>KMnysyyisx nyxar xeiUYYP31" Son* 6aiiHa.

MoHron yncafl 1997-2000 OHA X3p3DKYY^3>o3P HYB XAC -aacxeren6epMMH sopunro Hb Xyn awbin flsnxuMH Bara xypnbiH UJUMABSP, Xyn aMWH ranaaprye yncaA SapuMTnan xspsrTKyyn* 6yPi aopunnoPi Bypsn HMMLIS* Sawraa TeAHMryfi,TSflrsspi Tynryypnacan KDM. XYH awbin HSH TynraMAcaH YHACSH 3 acyyAnurLUMMABspnsx ranaap MonronbiH aacrMMH raaap, TepniiH 6yc 6ai/iryynnaryyA xspsrwYV1*6yPi a>Knn yv\ncmr HYB XAC ASMWHH caHxyYWYYnw 6aMHa. Yynfl: 1/ XYH aM , XerwnnviHCTpaiern, 21 HexeH YP>KMXYMH spYY^i MSHA, 3/ Xawraanaxyii sflrssp 6onHO.Tyxavin6an,HYB XAC A3MWC3H Gcsep YentiHXHMM 6onoH HexeH ypwuxyMH apyyn MSHAMMH recenHb rye yncbiH xyn aM, MpssAY^H repx Te/iesuPir TOAopxoMnox aanyynyyAbiH nexen

SsnrnMH xapuni^aanbi XYMYY^MJIA SY'PSH Hurnsw 6aPiHa.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

f]

1IIIIIIIIIIIIIII4

NationalPopulation Policy

In 1996, with active support from the Parliament, Mongolia reconciled theNational Population Action Plan to the National Population Policy. The Popu-lation Policy aims to balance slow population growth to economic develop-ment and social services. The policy also pays particular attention to thevulnerable groups, including youth, elderly, disabled persons, the poor andthose with HIV/AIDS. To strengthen and coordinate the programmes relatedto reproductive health, the government has also adopted the ReproductiveHealth Strategy.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

GovernmentProgrammes on

Population

UNFPA Support tothe Government

The government has promptly funded and implemented activities based onthe Population Policy. Between 1993 and 1997, about 10 percent of the totalgovernment budget has been annually allocated to health programmes. Basedon the Population Policy, the government has developed the National Repro-ductive Health Programme (1997) and the National Programme on Adoles-cent Health (1998).

Under the United Nations system, the UNFPA country office in Mongolia istne main funding agency supporting government efforts to implement Popu-lation Conference recommendations. UNICEF, WHO, and UNDP have alsobeen actively engaged in reproductive health, including HIV/AIDS issues.The World Bank, Asian Development Bank, JICA, and the GTZ are other keydonors in the health and population area. The recently signed Memoranda ofUnderstanding on both HIV/AIDS and Youth Issues between the Govern-ment of Mongolia and the UN agencies are milestones of UN agencies'assistance on youth health, HIV/AIDS and reproductive health in Mongolia

The goals and objectives set forth in the UNFPA country programme of1997-2001 for Mongolia are based on the Programme of Action of the Popu-lation Conference and on the national priorities in the area of population. TheUNFPA office funds and supports the Government of Mongolia, NGOs, andothers to implement development strategies related to population, reproduc-tive health, advocacy and education. For example, the UNFPA-supportedAdolescent and Reproductive Health project focuses on reproductive healthand sexuality education for youth, the very ones who will determineMongolia's future population and development patterns.

Saza

6y8dmaeux

Xyn awbiH xwMresfl HexeH yp^nxyMH Tanaap xspsnKyynsx awnn yMncsfl MonronbiHTepMMH 6yc nsnssfl xaflSH 6aMryynnara opohuftor Bmiss.Taflrssp 6aMryynnara XYHCMMH6onoH HexeH YPMHxyiw acyyflJiaap onoH TYMSHA Maflnar onrox, HSH anaHryaa snC3A3B Hurnanaap xefleernMH 3M3rT3MMyy,q, sanyy^yyflbm M3fl/i3rnPir axuynaxaflxnH33HryMn3H xynnH ayrrs^ 6aPiHa.MoHronbiH xyn aiuibiH acyyflnaap cypranr neyynax,6apmviT MSflasnsji Mymy'ynax, cyfla/iraa ujMHJKunras xuwxuPir MYHC-MMH CypranrcyflanraaHbi xypssnsH TesnepYYnsH rYMLjsrre* SafiHa

HYB XAC-biH opo^^oo aoxnqyynajiTTaMraap XYH anibiH Bara Xypnaacaopn/ibir wepfljiere 6o/iroH xspsnKYYisx, Msflssnsn .ryrssx 3acrnP)H raapbin ronnox6aMryynnara 6on OPYYH MSHfl, HMfirMMMH XaMraannbiH FlaM IOM. Xyn awbm Baraxypnaac flSBLUYyncsH a*Mn YM/ICMMH XerenSepuPir wiepflnere gonroH caHaannaHX3p3r«YYJn>K 6yPi a>xnbiH aeii, YP AYHr ToflopxoMJiox a'opmiroop HYB XAC-aac spxnsn1998 OHA SacrnMH raspbm 6onoH TBB-yyqbiH flynfl acyynra 6\Mti cyfla/iraa XMMB.

XYH aMHH Bara xypnaac ADBUJYYJICSH aopunibir MoHron y/icafl xspxsnw 6aPiraa asL( 6aMflnbir TOflpyynaH M3fl3X sopmnroop HYB-aac canaan/iaH

6yw " Hsr epTeH^" iiyBpa/ibin xypsanfl HYB XAC 6ycafl Sawryyji/iaraTaMxawipaH MonronbiH ecaep aanyy yennHXHHM reneenerHMfl opont(coH Bara xypnbir1998 oHfl aoxMOH 6aPiryynnaa. YYHMM caijyy sacrnPiH raspyyflbin xgivi>K33Hfl 1999 onflXMMX33P TOB^OCOH ICPD H3M3X 5 X3M33H HspnsH 6yM 4yynraHbi / Kartp XOTHOO 4yy/icaHXYH arwbiH Bara xypnbin sopuntbir yflMpflnara 6onrocori/ Ssjmsnp, aopnyncan OJIOHcanSapbiH 6apnivrr 6nHrnMr TOMMJIOX, GapuMTwyynax a»oibir

XyH aMbiH Bara xypnaac ASBUJYY^CSH aopuntbir xspsrmyYnax ranaap MoHro/i yjicyHfl3CHMMX33 x3M>K33Hfl nxsaxsH xyHMH HapMaPijiT rapra>K 6yfi xsflMM 4 eHeernfiH6aMflnaap TYYHUM yp flYH anar L(oor 6aMHa.TyxaMn6an, HnpaMH 3Hflsrfl3n 1990-1997OHfl MflHraH repent Tyrawfl 63-aac 40 xyprsn 6yypn Bara xypnaac 3H3 ranaap

sopunrwr xspsnKYyncsH 6onosH sflnfin aacruPJH ujnn>KnriTMftH aeuaflaMflan, SXMMH SHflsrflnnMH Y3YYJ13JTr ypbflbiHxaac ynani flopflcoop

6aiiHa

XYH aMbiH acyyflnbiH 6yx ranwr xawapcan Boflnoro SonoscpyynaH Mepflnere 6onro>K6afiraa XSAMM H rynraMflcan acyyflnyyfl 6aficaap Safina. YYHA:

1/ OpYyn MSHflniiH ytfnHMnrasHHM Hanap naHcaar caw>Kpyynax;21 XyH aM, Xer»oiMMH ynnflaa LUYT33ni(33HMPi ranaapx oMnronibir HHMrMWMH 6yx

3/ XerwiniiH TeneBnenr.iuMMABSp rapraxaa xyn awbin XYHHH ayMnnPir flwarr Tycrax,6onoM>K HeequtiH xysaapnnanTbir can6ap 6ypi HSMsrflYY^sx asflan nyxan 6onoofl6aiiHa.

IIIIIIIIIII

TepuPiH an6aHSonoBcpyynax spx

6oflnoroan6an

TyiuaanTHyyflbiH sn acyyflnaapx

xaMraanan63XMO/YI13X, ToriBopwyynax a«nn Y^nciiMr-

6onrox, TYYHMHSH MonronbiH xefleeMSHAMMH Y^nHMnraar

cati)Kpyynax ranaap xoMiiiflOo unyy MXanxaapan XYM MapwatinT rasuxluaapAnararaii Sawna.

I

I

I

I

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItr

I

NGOSupport

MonitoringConference Goals

Achievements andFuture Challenges

Several NGOs are tackling population and reproductive health issues byincreasing citizens' knowledge on reproductive health and gender issues,particularly among rural women and youth. At the Mongolian National Uni-versity, the Population Training and Research Centre is a focal point fortraining, research, and analysis of population-related issues in Mongolia

The government agency responsible for following up and monitoring thegoals set forth at the Population Conference is the Ministry of Health andSocial Welfare, in coordination with UNFPA. In 1998, UNFPA surveyed gov-ernment agencies and NGOs to identify the progress and the status ofinitiatives taken after the Conference. In 1999, the One World Conference onPopulation and Development was successfully organised by UNFPA andother agencies to review the responses of Mongolia's youth to the CairoPopulation Conference.

Mongolia's sincere and serious efforts to create a functioning multi-sectoralapproach on population and development issues have yielded mixed results.For example, the infant mortality rate has gone down from 63 to 40 per 1000live births between 1990 and 1997. However, other data shows that mater-nal mortality rates and women's status—particularly rural women—havedeteriorated in Mongolia during the economic transition. Adoption of a com-prehensive population-policy has set Mongolia on the right path, but furtherefforts are required to deliver quality population and health services toMongolia's rural and urban citizens. To this end, further efforts are requiredto:

• Develop the capacity of government officials and policy makers towork together to create and deliver sound policy and programmes;

• Strengthen advocacy activities on issues related to population;• Increase awareness among the citizens about the relationship

between population and development;• Integrate population factors into development planning and

decision making;• Increase resource allocation to the population and health of the

rural sector.

, 1 t >J

\ -<,

XYH AM, X0HK/IMWH OI10HyncbiH BAM WPAJI

Bara xypan :

A/i6aH 6yc Hap:y/icflaa xMMJirscsH 3f :

Opo/iucoH 3acrnMH raaapEara XypjibiH EPOHXMM

HapniSn BMHTHMH flapra:3oxnoH 6aiiryyjicaH :

X3J13J1L4C3H C3fl3B :

OponucoH TEE :

H3BUYYJ1C3H 6apMMT

Mepnere 6onrox apra,xewyypsr :

3MH8X Bara xypan :

XYH aw, XerxoiMfiH Onon yncbiH Bara xypan/ XAXflBX/ KaPip , 1994 OHbi Ecflyreap capXYH aMbiH Bara xypanBrunei179

flp Hatpnc CaflMK, HYB XAC -bin f\\/lul^^r^x SaxupanHYB XAC, HYB - UH SflMMH aacar, HuCirMMMH M3fl33H3n,Cyflanraanbi BoflnorbiH raspbiH XYH aMbiH xaniscTorrBopioM xerxun.sflMMH sacrnwH TOrsoproMecenTMMr xyH aMbin jycbm jyfiflBara xypanraii 33p3ri(3H 6oncon TBB - HHOHbi TepuMH 6yc 150 rapyw 6aMryynnarbm 4200oponqcoH

113 ync

: XAXflBX-aac flssuJYYncsH A>Knnxeren6epYHflSCTHMM X3M)K33Hfl: XAXflBX-fl XyH 3MblH YHfl3CHHM

6oflnorbiH acyyflnaap MoHronbiH Tasbcan unrrsn / 1996 OH

HYB - XYH awi, Xer^xnuviH KOMMCC, ACC-bm 6yxxypT33M>KT3M HMkirMMMH cyypbByxapecr / 1974 /, MexMKO / 1984 /

6yx an6a

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ONPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Conference:

Informal Name:Host Government:

Number of Government ParticipantsConference Secretary General:

Organisers:

Principle themes:NGOs presence:

Resulting Document:

Follow-up mechanism:

Previous Conferences:

International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD)Cairo, 5-12 September 1994The Population ConferenceEgypt179Dr. Safis Nadik, Executive Director, UNFPAUNFPA, The Population Division of the UN Department for Economic andSocialInformation and Policy AnalysisPopulation sustained economic growth, and sustainable development4200 representatives of over 150 NGOs from 113 countries attended theindependent NGO Forum held parallel to the official conferenceGlobal: Programme of Action of the ICPDNational:' Mongolia: Country Report to the ICPDNational Population Policy (1996)UN Commission on Population and Development; ACC Task Force on BasicSocial Services to All (BSSA)Bucharest (1974) and Mexico City (1984)

-fIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1

SOCIAL

(JJ l

HUMTMHHH X9r>K/iiiMH 6yxnM n HUT xaHAiarbir asnHHTerpaiyiax neflan nyxaji X3M33H Hsrflwsn AYrH3nT3fl xypcHsspssHHMrMMHH XecwiHMH flsnxHHH A33fl Myy/iraH 1 990 xsfl3H OHA MyyncaH6ycafl 6ara xypjiyyflbiH Aorop OHiyiyyujTaii yH/i fl^qan 6ojicoH 6nn33.flaRH nanxHMfl HHHTnar 34 xon6orAon SYXHM HwiirMMiiH 3 4yxanacyyflaiiflflssfl 4yynraH anxaapjiaa TeanepYY/icsH K>M:

1 /5lAyypJibirapnjirax;2 / ByrssMW caiiiaM xefle^Mep spxn

3/HnHrMniiH HHTerpai^sHnnbirxYHTSM 6o/irox ...rscaH acyyflan6onoM.

H apeaH xxnuiiH xyraqaaHfl xapaDKyyncaHxeTen6epYYfl3fl 3AHHR sacmrfH ecem xenwiniir TyJixyy aHxaapcHbi yjiuaac SAXHH sacar, HutirMHiiH xentuiniiH TSHuasprxapbqaa a^narflaH HMwrMMHH xerxoui xoqporAOHryvi SoncHwr 6yx HMHiaap xynaaH seeujeepM 3H3xyy A33fl syynraHbir sapjianxypa/iAyyncaH KIM. TMHMSSC M HHwrMMiiH xernainiiH acyyAnbir ync yHflacTHMHr xenKyyjiax ispncyH acyyA^UH X3MW33HAA3BU1YY13H yaabw, SAMMH sacar, HniirMHiiH xenKnuiiH TSHUBSPT xaptuaa Tonooxwr flssfl Myynran 3opnni SonroH

XyHMHr fl33A3^C3H X9DW1MHH 19^96 T3X O^OH y^C fypHUM HUH XyC3^ 3pM3n3J13^HHr TyCfacaH TyHXar,

YMJICMMH X9T9^69piiMrfl3nxniiH 186 opHbi sacrMHH rasap oponi^coH A33A Hyy/irax xanani^sH 6arancaH KDM.seeneMW 6onrocoH lOsopMnTiycrarcaH Sawna:

• H3Hflflyypjibirapnnrax;

AtppMK SO^OH 6yypaH opHyyAHH xenwiHiirTYprsTrax; "

HHMfMHMH xeraH^A 30pnynax H9eq xyBaapwnajiTbir HSMsrAyynsx;HHvirMMMr X9racfyn3x XYHHH syvin 6oncoH SAMHH 3acar, ync Tep, mwstK , coenbm XHMFSSA spx yjmTaarafi op4MH eYpAYY"311!GonoBcpon, spvynviMr xaMraanax SHP/YH ywnMnnrssr Syxiivi onoHfl xypisswiCTSM Sonrox;HSFACSH YHASCTHMM rorronMooroop yjiauxcnaH HMiirMMiiH xeranxiiH xawibiH awwn/iaraarepre>KYYfl3H 6aTairax.

A)KI/IJ1 YI/IJ1CHI/IH XGT8nB8PHI/ir MOHrOJl YJ1CMGPflnere Bonro>K BYI/I Hb

BOfl/ioro, xere/iEGPXermnmH flanxMtiH Aasfl MyynraHfl TSBHX YHflacHMM MnirajiHPir

MyynraHfl eanrrax Xopoo BonoscpyyjnaH lyypBucaH lOM.HnMrMMMH XennnnfiHMyynraHbi flapaaxan H^PirMMRH Xer>K^MiiH YHA3CHnii Xopoo 6aMryy/iax cananflaeLUYY^c311 6onoBM MyynraHbi aopmiibir wepnere 6onron xapanKYY'1^ MoHronbmxerxoiMMH an6a ecHbi xeiuyvpsr xapaaxaH SUM 6oiioorYM 6aRnaa. TMHM ynpaac aflyrsaEpeHXwii cawflbiH anSaHbi flaprafl HnvirMMMH xentyiniiH onon MMrnaniiiiH awwn yiincXMiir33fl onoH yncbm xypan 4yynraH, ryxaMJi6an HMMFMUMH XerxoiMMH A33fl MyynraHbiniMMABspuMr wepnere Sonron xspanKYYnax axoiur yanflyynaH 3oxni(yynax,yypsr CyxMCi 6aPiryynnara SUM 6onrox ryxaw apnnL|a>K 6aMHa.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

THE SOCIAL SUMMIT

The 1995 World Summit on Social Development isconsidered as a centrepiece among many UN Con-ferences that promoted integrated and multi-sectoralapproaches to social development. The Summitparticipants focused on three key social problems:how to eradicate poverty, how to expand produc-tive employment and reduce unemployment andhow to promote social integration. Conferenceattendees recognised that national developmentprogrammes of recent decades had given priorityto economic growth without considering the realand sometimes dire social impacts of economicdevelopment. The Summit intended to remedy thisbias by advising that national development to strike

a balance between economic and social development.

At the conclusion of the Summit, the 186 member states of the UN endorsed the CopenhagenDeclaration and Programme of Action, reflecting their commitment for people-centred develop-ment. The Declaration offered 10 commitments:

Eradicate absolute poverty;Support full employment;Promote social integration based on the enhancement and protection of all human rights,Achieve equality and equity between women and men;Accelerate the development of Africa and the least developed countries;Ensure that structural adjustment programmes include social development goals;Increase resources allocated for social development;Create an economic, political, social, cultural and legal environment that will enable peopleto achieve social development;Attain universal and equitable access to education and primary health care;Strengthen co-operation for social development through the UN system.

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTION

POLICY AND ACTION PLANSMongolia's rapid transition to a market economy has been coupled with social deg-radation coming from increased poverty and unemployment. In 1994, a governmentsurvey found 26 percent of the population living below minimum standards; and thaithe official unemployment rate had grown to 8.3 percent of the economically activepopulation. Under the transition economy, significant economic stabilisation hadbeen achieved by adopting a comprehensive macro-economic policy. However,neither equity concerns nor social development goals were adequately addressedby these economic policies.

I "",- , i < i » : ; <> * 'or r >~r ^ ' -

MoHron ync ssx SSSJIMMH SAMMH sacrniw xapnnL(aaHA UJMTOKHX \i\n HBirraM aflyypan,rasap asax aapar HUMrMMMH flopoPiTon flaexi(aH 6afiflaji xyHflapcaH row. SacrwMH raspaac 1994OHfl !1ByyjlcaH cyflanraaHbi AYHr33C YSBSJI HMMT xyH BMUH 26 xyBb Hb aMbwwpraaHbi

floofl TyeLUHHraac flooryyp Hexiienfl aMb syyw, xeflenMepniiH naflsap 6yxnM xyH,3 xysb Hb a>xwi spxnssryMras an6aH ecoop Gyprrvynaafl Sawiaa. UUnnwunTHMH HBimaa

6yii 3flMMH sacrnkir Syxanfl xaiwapcaH MaKpo sflMMH sacrnfiH Soflnorur TOflopxoiinoH6arnaM>KMncHaac XOMLU aflUMH sacrnMH ToriBopMnnrofl M3fl3rfl3xyiiL( axm\ rapjiaa. TSBH3flniiH sacrnPiH ispxyy Soflnorofl wyflpara ecoH, HMMTMUMH xerwriMMH acyyflnbir 3oxncr

rycraaryM 6aMHa.

XenKrwfiH flssfl MyynraHbi sopunibir Mepflnere 6onroH xspaDKyyjnsx acyyflnurronnoH spxsnAar Satiryynnara 6on Spyyn MsHfl, HMMFMMMH xaMraannbiH HaM IOM. Tyc naM1990 X3fl3H oHbi SXSH yesc sanyynyyfl, SMSITSMHYYA, SMSSF SynrnMNxaHfl xaHflcaH 6oflnoroSyxnti Hsnssfl X3fl3H 6apnMT 6nMnr SonoecpyyncaH IOM. 0HrepceH xyrai(aaHfl xyn awuHSOHOH HMMTMUMH flaairafl, xefle/iMepuPiH 6onoH 6nenMH raMnp cnopibm Tyxatf Soflnoro,HuPirMMtiH xanaM>KMMH ryxafi xyynb xyHMH rerenflep Bonos. Sflyrss xefleriMep spxrisninPirA3M>Knx ryxati spx ayPiH 6apnwT 6nHrnMr 6onoBcpyynaH Ssnrrsx ranaap HsnssA XSASH flawxaMipaH axcunjiaw 6aPiHa. 3H3 6yx3H Hb HMMrMvwH xaMraannbiH 6aianraaT TonojiLioor

• 6ypAyyn3x, HufirMUMH SB Hflrrpanur SacrnPiH rasap ASM>KHH 6yw a>Knn yfinc MSH 6onoM.

X9T8J1EeP, OJIO^T AIVDKHJ1T

cynbAaH 6yii Hb 1990 XSASH OHH sxssp MHT ivisApsrflSH SAMMH aacar,acyyAJibir xaMiarracaH xeTen6ep canaaHnax maapflnara 3acrnPiH rasapi Tynrapcan 6aiiHa.1 990 X3A3H OHbl 3X33P SflMllH 33CrMMH UIMnWMnTMMH HBL|aA HMMfMUMH acyyAHblf LLlMMflB3pn3XMpiH

rynA HuMrMMtiH xeDKnuMH AS^XUMH A33fl MyynraHbi eMHe 6ytoy 1994 oHfl Hflyypnbir 6yypyynaxYHASCHMM XeTen6epnkir 6onoscpyyncaH KDM. XYHUM xer>KnMMH epreH6apnMTna;ibiH YYAHSSC nAyypJibiH LuajniraaHA rspxyy xeren6ep xaHAaxAM3HA, 6onoBcpon, sMarrsMHYYAH^H acyyAanfl HSHSH aAnn anxaapnaa xaHAyyncaH

AXUA

HUU8MUUH

XaHflnanarMAbiH sx cypBanxoac HGOLI 6onow>K Aaii^nax, epreH xypssrsM recenanaaHbi xyHflnPir Aanraapaa yypsxssc anb 6onox sawncxuMH xaMTpan a>KMn/iax. MTSBXTSMoponi4ox apra X3ii63p33p recnyyAHMr xspsDKyynsxsA aw>KMnT on>K upss. fl33fl MyynraHaaca>KnnryMfl3n, HMMrMMMH acyyAfiaap ASBIUYY/ICSH aopunroA HMMLIYYJISH MoHron yncaA

6yypyynax YHASCHMM XerenBep 6onoH SMsrraMHyyfl, XYYX3A, Taxnp flyryyrsx aspsr YHflscHMM 6ycaA ojioH x6Ten6ep 6onoBcpyynaafl 6aMHa. Tsarssp

xeTen6epMMH yssn 6apnMTnan, cipaiernMr cawrap HarrnaH 6onoBcpyyncaH 6onoBH. ononxxeTen6ep BypuPir Tecen XSPSDKYY^SX caHxyy>KMnTMMH sx YYCBspryfirssp 3oxnorA>K33.CaHxyy>KMnT Sara sc 6ereec reces caHXYY>KMnT33p orr A3M>K33rYM ynpaacxeTe/i6ep xnsraapnarflMan xypssHfl xarac AyTyy X3p3r>KM>K 6aMHa.

X02XAI/UHetcyydAaapxu

MonronbiH HnwrMMMH xer>KnMMH acyyA/iaap HsrAcsn YHASCTHMM repen>KceH 6aiiryynjnaryyA20 WMJIUMH rypuj a>Knnna>K npnss. HniirMMviH XerxoiMMH flssA MyynraHbi LUMMABSPHMT

SacrnMH rasapraii HSFACSH YHASCTHMM TeneeHMM raspyyA xawiTAaa 6onoHAanraapaa xaMipan awnnna>K upss. ?lAyypnbir 6yypyynax, XYHMM xeoxnuMH Murnsnssp HYBXX; XyH aw, HexeH YP^nxyiiH spyyn MSHA, XyiicnCiH xerenSep xDpSDxyYnax nurnsnsap HYBXAC; XYYXfl^H 3PYYn M3HA,xeDKHMMH acyyanaap HY XB;XYHCHMM atoynryti Saiiflan,

BaPiryynnaraBonoBcpon, xywcuiiHacyyflnaap IOHECKO; SpyYfi

Murnsnssp fl3MBa>Knnna>K

Byypyy/iaxXeTen6epeec

3X/133A

rasapraw flsnxuPiH BaHK, HYBXX rojiH/ioH xaMipaHa>KnnnaAar row. HniirsM,

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

InstitutionalArrangement

A National Committee for Social Development was proposed after the Social Summit,but no official follow-up mechanism was developed in Mongolia. Currently pro-posed is an umbrella organisation under the Prime Minister's Office to coordinate andmonitor multi-sectoral initiatives on social development and to follow up on thecommitments made at various international conferences, including the Social Sum-mit.

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare has been the agency responsible forissues related to the Social Summit. Since early 1990s, the Ministry has developedseveral social policy packages, with particular focus on youth, women and othervulnerable groups. The population policy, social insurance policy, social assistancelaw, labour policy, and sports and physical policy have been adopted. Currently,several ministries are jointly preparing for a national act on employment promotion.These policies commit the government to develop a social safety net and to promotesocial integration.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Poverty

Employment &Social Integration

UN Support forSocial

Development

Even before the 1994 Summit, the Mongolian government recognised that the socialerosion of the early 1990s required new programmes for social and economicdevelopment. Consequently, the government created the National Poverty Allevia-tion Programme to address the social dimensions of the economic transition. Thisprogramme aims to bring the poverty rate down to less than 10 percent by the year2000. The programme addresses poverty from a human-development perspective,by focusing on employment, health, education and women. The programme hassuccessfully mobilised resources from various donors and implemented compre-hensive projects in a decentralised and participatory manner.

To address the Summit's employment and social integration goals, the National Un-employment Reduction Programme and other national programmes to aid women,children and the disabled have been developed. However, good strategies andconcepts require resources, and too many of these programmes were developedwithout budgets. Lacking adequate financial support, most of these programmesare implemented on a limited scale.

The UN agencies have been work-ing on social development in Mongoliafor the past 20 years. In coopera-tion with the government, the follow-up actions to the Social Summit havebeen implemented by different UNagencies collectively and individually.UNDP concentrated its assistance inthe area of human development andpoverty alleviation; UNFPA in popu-lation, reproductive health, and gen-der programmes; UNICEF in childhealth and development; FAO in foodsecurity and control; UNESCO in edu-cation and gender; and WHO in healthimprovement. In partnership with theMongolian government, the WorldBank and UNDP Mongolia have helpedto develop the National Poverty Alle-viation Programme. Joint efforts anddiscussions continue among UNagencies and NGOs to support thedevelopment of a comprehensivesocio-economic policy for Mongolia.

I

20/20

upri\ 6oflnoro 6onoBcpyynaxafl Hb SacrafiH rasapr fl3M>iai3r yayy/m acyyfl/ibirHYB-biH repe/wceH 6aiiryynnaryyfl TBB-yyfliafi xaivnpan flpwmaw 6aMHa.

HUMTMHMH xenKMn, flSBiunnPir ASMWMX sopunro 6yxnM TBE-yyfl MOHTOJIA onHoopBafiryynarflaH ytin a»nnnaraa qsyynflar ,IOM. Han anaHryna xyfic SOJIOHSManaiiHYYflMMH acyyAnaap yiin a>Knnnaraa nayynflar TBB-yyfl HMiirMMMH xentcnuiirA3M>KMX3fl Hnrn3C3H nfl3BXT3M yMfi awnnjiaraa HByynw SaPiHa. Taflrssp Saiiryy/inarbiHonoHX Hb flflyypjibir Syypyynax, epxnwn opjnro HSMBrflyy/isx, spyYJi MSHflMMH acyyflnaapxefleernfiH ancnarflcaH Hyrarr Gscpsr Tecen

ryxaPi MSflssnnnkir yp HeneeT3M, eree>KT3M 6onroxbmxeDKnuPiH 6arL( ysYynsnT 6yxnii TOO eyprrsnnMH MSflssnnnfiH

6onoBcpyynaxaap 3pyyn M3Hfl, HMMFMHMH xarnraannbiH flaw. YhflscHMraaap xaMTpaH awn/i/iaw 6awHa. ^Ayypnbm 6aMflan, jyyHUMr roflopxoPinox apra sypi,yH3n>K flyrnsx aprur SacrnMH raaap flsnxuMH BaHKHbi ASMHOisirsMresp SonoscpyynaB.

fl33fl Myyjnranbi neqafl "CaHaannnra 20/20" XSMSSH rowbeoncoH 6apnMTMyy/iraHfl opo/momnfl coepxoH 6arancaH Suras. YyHfl xenKM* 6yPi opHyyflbiH HnwxeDKunfl HUMT TycnaM>KMPiH 20 xyBUMr, HkiPirMMMH Haafl saxbm x3p3rL(33HflHHMT sapflnbiH 20 xysHMr rye rye sopnynax ryxaw rsp cainaaHMnrafl TOMbeojicoH Sunss.MonronbiH SacrnMH rasap HUMT sapflnbiHxaa 21.2 xyswCir, OROH yncbiH rycnaM>KHMHHMMT caHxyy>KMnTMMH 29 xyenfir HutirMMMH canSapr 1998 oHfl xysaapunaH aapLiyyncaH

Teces caHxyy>KmiTMMH ynsM>K xscratir TMMHXYY 3opnyn>K Bafiraa GonosH nflyypan,awnnrykiflsn ecex xaHflnararaw BaPiraa Hb HMMFSM cynbflax ypin flBq ypr3n>Knnc33pGafiraar xapyy/i>K 6afiHa. XysaapMnaH 6yw TeceB caHxyy^nnTniir yp aujurraM 3apqyyjn>K6atiraa scsx Hb 4 recsn sprsnsssisM 6aPiHa. HMMSSC

CanBap xooponflbiH3OXMOH SakiryynanT,HUMTMMMH xerxointiH

caw>Kpyynax;

SOpMHTbir SflUMH

BoflnoroToCi yanflyynax;MOHPOnblH

caPi>KpyynaxbiHSannar, Heeu,Mtir

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

——^———— An increasing number of NGOs are established in Mongolia to support social devel-NGO SUPPOrt °Pmerlt- NGOs concerned with gender and women's issues are most actively

"" promoting social development in the country. Many are engaged in poverty allevia-tion, income generation and health advocacy. They also promote small-scale projectsin Mongolia's remote rural areas.

Monitoring SocialDevelopment

20/20 Initiative

For effective policy development and monitoring issues related to social develop-ment, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and the National Statistical Office arestrengthening social statistics. UN agencies in Mongolia have also begun to developintegrated social indicators relevant to Mongolia. In terms of poverty monitoring, thegovernment, with support from the World Bank, has developed definitions andmethods for assessing poverty in Mongolia.

The Summit participants also endorsed the "20/20 Initiative". This formula wasdeveloped to ensure that 20 percent of overall development aid and 20 percent ofnational expenditures of the developing countries are earmarked for basic socialneeds. In Mongolia, it is estimated that 21.2 percent of the total government expen-ditures and 29 percent of the total international aid budget were allocated to thesocial sector in 1998.

Mongolia has allocated many resources and made intense efforts to improve socialdevelopment, but many indicators show continuous social deterioration. Thesedeclines have led some to question if the social budget is being allocated efficientlyand effectively. Among others, future actions are required to:

• Strengthen multi-sectoral institutional structures and capacities for socialdevelopment;

• Integrate social development goals into economic policies;• Increase national ownership and resources to enhance Mongolia's social

development.

R33REaraxypan:

An6aH6ycH3p:

Hyranaa XHfinrecsH 3R

KonenrareH, 1995 OH3flyraapcap, 6-12

EaraxypnbiHEpeHXHM

•lapMMH 6wrnMHflapra:3oxnon 6aPiryyncaH:

XanarmcsH ran csfpa:

OpojiMCOHTBB:

HOSH riayjib Hupyn PacwyocsH, flaw yncbH Epewow &Mf\

Bqqnoro aoxnqyynanr.TonBOproM Xera<nnw AcyyAan spxancan

1 /Hqyypjibirapnnrax

5aMryynnarbiH 4500 opHHMieneaneN open LICOH

flanxniiH xsuwsa^ :HnMrMnPiH XeoxnutiH TyHxar, A)«nn yvincMMH

Xeranfep

MonronbiH xyBbff HnmniiH XeoxnufiH MyynraHflTaBbcaH Hmran

Mepflnerefcnrox VDTTOJI vrywHMWTMUMH XenwiniiH KDIMCC, ECOSOC BonoH EpeHXMM/to2H5neMH

WORLD SUMMIT FORSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Conference:

Informal Name:

Host Country:

Number of Government

participating:

President of the Conference:

Organisers:

Principal themes:

NGO presence:

Resulting Document:

Follow-up mechanism:

World Summit for Social Development

Copenhagen, 6-12 march 1995

The Social Summit

Denmark

186

Mr. Paul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark

Social Summit Secretariat in the Department for Policy Coordination and

Sustainable Development

Social development, with three core issues:

1) Eradication of poverty,

2) Expansion of productive employment and reduction of unemployment, and

3) Social integration

About 4500 NGO representatives attended the parallel NGO Forum, while 811

NGOs participated in the Social Summit itself

Global: Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development and

Programme of Action

Mongolia:Country Report to the Summit for Social Development

No follow-up reports

Commission for Social Development, the ECOSOC and the General

Assembly, and the UN Inter-Agency Task Forces

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

7 <ii

633)KI/IHrMMH BAffl XYPAflE33WHHXOTVIOO 1996oHflMyyncaHflanxuHH SMSTOHHYYAMMH IV Earaxypan Hb ASHXHMH3M3IT3MHYYAHMH 3px TSFUJ

, xerwin,xaHrax UJMHS xeflenreeHnii6nnr3A3Ji BOJICOH K>M. Tyc 6araxypa/iA HyyjicaH 189 opHbi

TyHxar, cyypbDapuMibir coepxcoH 6nn33.TspxyY cyypb 6nHnrr HMtirsM,3flniiH aacar, ync Tepfl oponqox

TciqopxoM TaneanereenycrajKw.3M3IT3M, 3p3rT3HMYYflMMHT3nil,3M3fT3MHYYflHMH 6YP3H 3pXT5aMflail Hb 36BX9H

3M3rraiiHYYflMMH acyyflan TOAMH 6yc, xapMH XYHMM spxntiH acyyflnbiH cannirYii xscsrwen XSMSSX oiinronTflssp Baraxypan lynryypnacaH row.

6ara xypan, HYB-aac caHaaHwncaH3rwrraM4YyflMMH 10 JKWI (1976-1 QSSJ-flflaBUJYYncsHsapHMyyflbiHeaTanraa Sonoe.Tsflresp apra XSUBKSSHYYAXYMC, OXMA 3M3rr3MMYYflniiHTanaapx YHflscHnii 6oflnoro,fl3nxnMH XYYXAHMH HyynraH,

acyyflnyyflbirrycracaH KIM. 3flMMH3acar, yncrep, HMMFMUMH awbflpanbiHTanaap ujUMflesp rapraxafl sMsrnsMHYYfl MrM, MA3BXT3M opojiuoxoAyMMpH 6yii caaflTorropbir apujiraxaflTyjiryyp 6apHMT6nHnrfl3M 5oncoH 5aiina.

onoH yjiCbiH XSM X3M)K», Mopflex CTanqapTbirH3TAC3H YhjflacmMM BafiryynnartiH TOUJYYH opHyyAxynssH aeeujeepceH6nri33. 3M3rr3MHYYAMMH spx MSAHMMF AssujnyY/ox Hb HMMrsMTOFTBOpTOM, ujyAapra ecbir A33AH3H xen»« ynsap HexuanM9H f3>K Y3C3H 6aMH3.

EAPAXYPJlblH SOPIMlTbir MOHFOJlflwiepfl/iere BOJIFOK EYI/I Hb

BOA/ioro, xerenEdp

mo AGO

tome A fop

lilnn>KnnTMMH aflMMH aacrnMH yefl Hflyypan raaap asn, apYyn M3Hfl, HMMFMUMH3pc Myyflcan Hb oxufl, sMamMHYYAHtiH 6yp3H spxi Gafiflajifl HeneenceH IOM.3MsrT3M4YYAniiH CTaiycbir TOflopxoiinox, a>KMn YMJICMMH 6oflnoro, crparernSonoacpyynaH SMHS TaebcaH sopujirbir SYPSH XSPSDKYY/DK 6yPi Hb sacrum raapbinY«n a»wnnaraa nar yes onw HnwuYYncsH YMHC IOM. AJKWI Y^ncMMH BsawwHrMMH rynryyp6apMMT flssp YHflscnsH 3M3rr3M>HYYflMMH Tenee a>KMJi ywricMMH YnflscHMM XeTen6epMMrMoHronuH SacrniiH rasap 1996 OHfl coepxon 6arnaB. HYB-bin XeDtoiniiH XeTen6epT3fixaMipan MoHro/ibiH SacrnwH raaap 1997 OHA XY^C, XYMCHMM acyyflanraM xonSooiOMY33/1 6apMMTna/ibir sacrntiH raapuH Boflnorofl HUMI^YY^SX awiin xsprnwn fl33AX3M»33HMii yynsant SOXHOH OaiiryyncaH 6afiHa.

H Teneef a*nn YM^CMMH YHASCHHM xerenSepi 1996-2000Tanaap sacrnPiH raspaac 6apnwinax CTparern, 12 Y3YY-n3-nT. sopunr

esneree rycracaH raw. 3p3rr3M, SMSITSM xyn rsriu spx sflnaHS recsH YHACSH

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII4

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

THE BEIJING WOMEN'SCONFERENCE

Held in Beijing in 1996, the Fourth World Confer-ence on Women represented a new movementfor ensuring equality, development and peacefor all women in the world. At the Conference,representatives from 189 countries adopted theBeijing Declaration and Platform for Action. ThisPlatform offered a comprehensive plan of ac1-tion to enhance social, economical and politicalempowerment of women. The Conference was

based on the understanding that advancement of women and the achievement of equal-ity between men and women are a matter of human rights and a condition of humanjustice, and not to be seen as isolated women's issues.

The Platform of Action reaffirms the principles set forth at the three earlier women'sconferences and through the United Nations Decade for Women (1976-1985), whichstimulated the global women's movement. These events led to the incorporation andemphasis of gender, women, and girls' issues in national policies and at all subsequentworld conferences: the Children's Summit, Earth Summit, Human Rights Summit amongothers. ,

Recognising that deeply entrenched attitudes and practices lead to inequality and dis-crimination against women, the Platform of Action set an agenda to empower womenaround the globe. It aims to remove all barriers to women's active participation in allaspects of public and private life by promoting women's right to a full and equal sharein economic, social, cultural and political decision-making. With the Beijing Declarationand the Platform of Action, UN members articulated a set of international norms andstandards of equality between men and women. Empowerment of women was takenas the prerequisite for a sustainable, just and developed society.

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTIONPOLICY AND ACTION PLANS

NationalProgramme of

Action for Women

Under the transition economy, the deteriorating status of women and girls wasrecognised as being caused by increased poverty and poor access to health andsocial services. It was imperative and timely for the government to assess thestatus of women, define policies and strategies for action on the basis of nationalconsensus, and fully implement these policies. Using the Beijing Platform of Actionas a guide, the Mongolian government endorsed the National Programme of Actionfor the Advancement of Women in 1996. In 1997, the government and UNDP Mongoliaorganised a high-level workshop to introduce the concept of gender and main-stream gender concerns into government policies.

The National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women outlines thegovernment's strategies and programmes on women during the period of 1996-2000, with 12 clear indicators and targets. Based on the constitution that states thatmen and women enjoy equal rights, the National Programme aims to mobilise socialresources to create equal opportunities for women to live in peace, to protect theirhealth, to gain education and to participate fully in the political, economic and socialspheres. In conformity with the Beijing Platform of Action, the National Programmeidentified ten critical areas of concern to the women of Mongolia: economic develop-ment, poverty, status of rural women, education, reproductive health, family, powerand decision making, violence against women and human rights, national machineryfor the advancement of women and the mass media.

I

xyynMMH saaniafl YHflacnsH 6onoBCpyyncaH iyc xeien6ep Hb SMSITSMMYYA awap awranan ax.Tepex, TSAHMM spYYn MSHAMMF xawraanax, Sonoscpojibir flaaujnYY^ax, ync iep, aflnPiH sacar,HMMFMMMH aMbflpajifl isflHMMr eproH oponL(yynaxafl HUMFMUMH »ee\\ 6onoriL|oor AaPinnax sopmiT

33. Awnn YPincviPiH BsswHnrnPiH rynryyp 6apMMT 6nHrnPiH Aaryy SAMMH 3acrnPtHHAyypan, xefleernMH 3M3rr3M4YYAMMH SaPiflan, 6onoscpon, HexeH

M3Hfl, rap 6yn, spx MSflsn, LUMMABSP rapranr, SMSITSMHYYAHPIH acpsrspx, SMsrraPiHYYAnwH xentuiHPiH YHASCHMM wexaHMSM, XSBJISJIacyyA"anTaii xon6ooTOM 10 nyxar canCapr p,3Biu\/Ync3H aopuni YHASCHMM xerenSepr yycranaaoncoH

B33>KHHrMMH Eara xypnbiH Aapaa YHASCHMM xeieneepufiH XSPSDKMJITSA xaHanr rasnx YYP3r

BYXMM 3M3IT3MHYYAHMH YHASCHMM SeBnennPir 1996 OHA SaiiryynaB. TSBH iyc Sesnen 6yT3L|,SOXMOH 6aPiryyjianTaacaa tuamraanaH enrepceH xyrai^aaHA raHLjxaH yAaa xypanA>K33. TMMMSSCrye xeienBepuCiH xspsDKunTMMr soxnijyynax sopunroop 3p\yn MSHA, HMMFMMMHnaMHbi 3M3rr3MHYYA, rap 6yn, sanyyMyyAbm raspbirSaiiryyncaH IOM.xon6ooTOft xerenBepYYAHMr resnepceH 6yc apraap xspsDKyynsx YYP3r 6yxnM aiiMar3M3rT3M'-iYYA, 3anyy4yyAWH acyyAan spxsncsH aoxnqyynarMMiir SacrnMH raapaac TOMMHCOHSaiiHa.

IIIII

xeTeneep, OJIOJIT AIVDKI/IJIT

maeax

Tenee a>Kkin YMJICMMH YHASCHMM XeTenSepufir xspsDKYynsxsA 1997 OHA 30can Terperaapiiyynaxaap SacrnPiH rasap LUMMABSP/ISCSH GOHOBLI xepenre caHXYYrnfiH 6ononi4ooxasraa'pnarAMan 6aPiraa 3*33. TYYHMJISH ?lAyypnbir 6yypyynax YHASCHMM XeienSepHMHxyp33HA. opnoro 6ara, aMb)Knpraa HAyy SMsrrsPiHYYAHMr ASM>KMX sopmnroop SMsrrsMHYYflu^''xerx<YYn 3 X caH SafiryyncaH BaPiha. flAyy aMbWHpraaraw SMSTTSMMYYA^MH opnorbirH3M3rAYYn3X. apYY'1 MSHAMMT HexeH csprssx \v\n a>nvinjnaraaHA TepuPiH 6yc YHASCHnPi6aiiryynnaryyA 1998 OHA Tyc caHraac caHxyY>KMH sapnyyncan 6aPiHa.

HYB XX, KDHUCE*, HYB XAC, fl3MB, iOHECKO .ispsr HSFACSH YHASCTHMM Tepen)KceH6aPiryynnaryyA SMSPTSMMYYA. XYMCHMM acyyA^aap xerenSep xspsr^YynsxsA MoHronun3acrntiH rasap, MprsHMfi HMMTSMA 6yx TanbiH Tycnarmaa A3M>KJi3r y3YYn>K 6aPiHa. KDHMCEtt),HYB XAC, fl3M5 Hb sx ypCHPin spyyn MSHA, KDHECKO Hb ancbin aapinbi cypranr, anSan 6ycX3n6sp33p 6onoBcpon onrox 6onoecponbiH cucreMA ron anxaapnaa xaHAyynw upss. HYB-biH

XeTen6epniiH rasap XYMCHMM acyyAa/i 6onon HYB XX-eec caHxyY>|<YYJ1>)< fywranaapx crpaierM SonoBcpyynax recnyYASfl TOJIHJIOH aHxaap4 6aPiHa.

6yc 35 6aiiryynnara 6yxMHMpirsM Hb 3M3rT3MHYYA. xyMCMMH acyyA/iaap MASBXTSM \un awminaraaraa flByynw 6aPiraaKIM. BoAJioro, awMn Y^^CASS XYMCMMH acyyAJiwr YncbiH MX Xypan rycraw 6yiir a>KnrnaxSMsrrsMHYYAHMH jepuMH 6yc SaMryynjiarbm cyn>K33 6wPi 6onrocoH 6aMna. ACtMar,can6ap 6YXMPi repuPiH 6yc sapMM 6aPiryynnaryyA xeAeernPiH nAYV SMsnsMMYYfla>KM/ina>K 6aMHa. SacrnPiH rasap, Aonop Satiryyn/iaryyATaM xawipan lepufiH 6yc6afiryyjuiaryyA 3M3rT3M4YYA3A xaHAcan, opnoroo HSMSTAYY^SX. nexen YP>KMXYMH

ranaap Gscpar TecnyYA xspsDKyynw 6atiraa a>K33.

1998 OHbi 3 flyraap capA SMSFTSMMYYAMMH Tenee awnn y^ncMMH YHASCHWVI3Opnni, xspSDKMnTuPir HYB-biH Xer>iaiMMH XoienSepuPiH raapaac caHxyY^YY^csH a>Knnyynsaniaap x3n3jnL(3B. BsswuHrnPiH 6ara xypntm WHMABSPHMH ranaap YHASCHMMunTranss Sacriwn rasap 6onoacpyyncaH 6aPiHa. TspxyY unrrsnA XeTen6epnPiHyAaaoinpaxaA Heneen>K 6yti Aapaax LuanrraaHbir AypbAcan 6aPiHa.

XepeHre caHxyy, 6yT3i4, SOXHOH GaPiryynantbiH SspxiussnuPir Aasan ryynax;TepHMH TYLU33AnfiH MSAnsr 43ABapbir ASSwriYYnsx;XyPicTsPi xon6ooioPi MSAssnsn, CTaincTHKuPir rycran xflHanr,wexannsMbir 6onoacpoHryti 6onrox.

Hyynranaac xoPim sMsnsiiHYYAMH craiycbir 6sx>KYYn3x, T3AHnPir, a>Knn yPincuPiH Tenesneree, xeienSepuPir Monron ync 6onoBcpyynaaA 6aPiHa.

6oAnorbir x3p3m<YYn3X3A Teces canxYY, SOXMOH GatiryynanTbiH ASMxaisr TycnanL\aa SYM ecoop6aPiraa IOM. TyYrssp 4 Y-11 6apaw sMsnsPiMYYAnPiH acyyAnwr Aarnan XOHACBH

6oAnoro MonronA HSHSSA onon xsp3r>KM>K 6aiiHa. 3M3rT3MMYYfl3fl Tasb>K 6yPianxaapan TMPJHXYY TGBnepcen Hb spsrrsPiHYYflHMH syrssc TSAHnPir ASM>KWX flBAariA ceperHeneen>K 6yPi xaHAnara 6nPi SonooA 6aPiHa. TuPiMssc SniarrsPiHYYA. XenKiin (3X) xanAnaraacXyPic 6a Xer>Knn (XX)

K)M.

IIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

*

InstitutionalArrangement

A National Council for Women was also established in 1996 to follow up on theBeijing Conference and to monitor implementation of the National Programme ofAction. However, the Council has met only once and has been prevented fromoperating by institutional constraints. The Department of Women, Family, and YouthAffairs was established under the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare to coordi-nate implementation of the National Programme of Action. The government has alsoappointed a Women and Youth Coodinator in every aimag and soum to implementwomen-related programmes in a decentralised manner.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTS

GovernmentEffort

UN Support toWomen

NGO Support toWomen

MonitoringConference Goals

Achievement andFuture Challenges

In 1997, the government committed Tg 30 million to implement the National Programmeof Action for the Advancementof Women, but budget shortfallshave limited disbursement of thismoney. In addition, the Womenand Development Fund was es-tablished under the National Pov-erty Alleviation Programme tosupport poor women. The fund,some Tg 690,000 by 1998, hasbeen effectively used by nationalNGOs to implement activities re-lated to income generation andreproductive health to improvestatus of poor women.

The UN agencies, UNDP, UNICEF.UNFPA, WHO and UNESCO, ad-vocate and support the government and civil society to enhance women and genderprogram-mes in Mongolia. UNICEF, UNFPA, and WHO focus on improved maternaland child health issues, and UNESCO concentrates on improving the educationsystem through a non-formal distance education project. UNDP Mongolia is makingefforts to mainstream gender concerns into all UNDP-funded programmes and projectsby conducting gender auditing and developing gender- mainstreaming strategies.

With about 35 women-related national NGOs, the civil society in Mongolia is particularlyactive in addressing women and gender concerns'. A network of women NGOs hasalso been established to ensure that Parjiament considers gender-in all actions andpolicies. By having branches in every aimag and soum, some of the NGOs areeffectively reaching poor rural women. In partnership with the government anddonors, these NGOs are developing their capacities by implementing such small-scaleprojects as women leadership training, income generation and reproductive health.

In March 1998, a National Beijing Follow-up Report was prepared by the governmentfor the UNDP-funded workshop to review the goals and implementation status of theNational Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women. The report citedproblems that slow progress, which included the followings:

H Need to remove financial and institutional impediments;B Need for capacity development of government officers;• Need to strengthen monitoring and evaluation mechanisms with the

development of sex disaggrigated data and statistics.

Since the Beijing Summit, Mongolia has developed strong policies, action plans, andprogrammes to improve status of women. Challenges remain to actually implementthese policies with budgetary and institutional support. Moreover, most of the poli-cies and programmes in Mongolia have been focused only on the issues of women.This concentration fails to account for issues relating to men, and perhaps givesmen no stake in supporting women's empowerment. We can address the dualequity concerns of both men and women, by shifting approaches from a WID(women in development) to a GAD (gender and development).

Sara xypan:

6yc Hap:aear4 ync:

OponLicoH ync:Bara xypnbm epenxnMHapniiH 6iiHrnM flapra:

SOXMOH 6aMryynarn:

Ton C3fl3e:TBB-yyflbiH oponuoo:

3M3rr3MHYYflM^H IV Bara xypan: Tsriu spx, XeDKnn, SHX TaPisaHbi TeneeB33>KMH, 1995.09.14-153M3rr3MMYYflHMH B33>KHHrMMH Bara xypanBHXAY189 ync opHbi rep, aacrniiH raapbiH reneenem

XararraM FepjpyA Monrenna, SMSFTSMHYYAHMH SPXHMH raapbiHHapMMH 6nMrnCiH flaprbin rycnax

CiH crarycbiH KOMUCC, Bara xypnuH HapnviH CMHFMMH Aapra HapbiHraapbiH YYP3r SyxHki HYB-bm 3M3iT3PiHYYflv1';'H spxMMH raaap

Bara xypanA TepntiH 6yc 2100 6aMryynnarbiH 5000 rapyfi Teneenem, xssnsnM3A33nnn^H 5000 a>KnnTaH, aspsri^an MyyncaH repm/in 6yc SaiiryynnaryyAbiHnyynraHfl 30000 xyn oponi4COH GonnoflsnxniiH X3M>K33HA: A»<mi Y^ncni/iH B33>KMHrnPtH Tynxar, rynryyp 6apMMTMoHronbiH ryxawA:1. 3M3IT3MHYYAHMH 6ara xypnbiH raPinaH unrrsn2. 3M3rr3MHYYflH^H Tenee a»nn ytincmH YHASCHMM xeieneep3M3fT3>-IYYflHMH CTaiyCblH KOMMCC,

raAyypxanaac aHrn>Kpyynax xopoo, K)HH<PEM,cyAanraa, cypra/iTbiH onon

apra

6ara xypan: MBKCMK (1975), KoneHrareH (1980), Haiipo6i<i (1985)

I

I

FOURTH WORLD CONFERENCE OIUWOMEN

Conference:

Informal Name:Host Government:

Numbers of Governmentparticipating:

Conference SecretaryGeneral:

Organisers:

Principal themes:NGO presence:

Resulting Documents:

Follow up mechanisms:

Previous Conferences:

The Fourth World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development, andPeaceBeijing, 4-15 September 1995The Beijing Women's ConferenceChina

189

Ms. Gertrude Mongolia, Assistant Secretary General, Division for the AdvancementofWomenThe Commission on the Status of Women, with the UN Division for the AdvancementWomen serving as the Conference secretariatAdvancement and empowerment of womenMore than 5000 representatives from 2100 NGOs and 5000 media representatives'attended the Conference, while 30000 individuals attended the independent NGOForumGlobal: The Beijing Declaration and Platform for ActionMongolia:1) Country Report on the Conference on Women2) National Programme of Action for the Advancement of WomenCommission on the status of women, the Committee on the Elimination of DiscriminationAgainst Women, UNIFEM, the International Research and Training Institute for theAdvancement of Women, and Division for he Advancement of WomenMexico-city (1975), Copenhagen (1980), Nairobi (1985)

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

XYHCHUfl TASMAPX/733/l

6oji>x, y/iMaap sjicreneH, XYHCHMW xowcAJibih acyyfla/i xypiiTSBmfSfw. SyPir ync opon, sacrum raspbiH TSpryyH, POM XOTHOOSOJICOH XyHCHMii Tanaapx HyyjiraHaap xsnsnijcsH K>M. "XyH 6 ypHMarrawyjiryM, naHapraw xyHC xjpamax, spyyn capyyn a>KTepex5ns wrax6owwH 6onoH aflvirooaciviiiH 6ononnooToii 6amw" rac3H3Dpnnrb!rMyynraHaap LUHHSMTOH SarancaH SHKO. TYYHHHSH ByypaPiitenwinrsw opHyyAtw XYHCHWM xoMCflonfl eprew 6yii XYMYYCHMHToor 201 5 OHfl xoep flaxMH Saracrax 3opnnrbir caHan Harrsii

XYHCHUH Atoynryvi SaiiflnbiH ryxaii PoMbiHTyHxareon

XYHCHHM ra/iaap OHM Safiflan TOrrooxofl 63H3H Baiix, ypbflminaH cspmiinax, xapiiy aprax3MW33aBax;XYH XYHHMM Heen, TonBoproM Ywifleapnan, xqfleerviMH xeraoinflxaMmiiH

xyHCHMii awynryii SaiiAnbirxaHrax ynqcaH vyprniiraacrviiiH raspyyflafl Horflyyican BaiiHa. AJKWI yvincMMHTeneBJieree HbXYHCHMM awynryM Gafyjafi, Jvqyypnbir 6yypyynax acyyflnyyfl xooponnoo ui yranipaTSM 6awxafl anxaapnaa xanqyyncaH 7SYtinHHH apMaiunvivinycracaH K>M. YYHA:

• XYHCHMM awynryii 6aMAnbirxaHraxHniir3M, 3flnwH3acmiiH HexunMMrSarajiraawyynax;

•

•

BAfA XYPJIblH 30PI/IJ1Tbir MOHfOJlflBOJiro)K BVI/I Hb

, X8T6J1B8PXYHCHMM ranaapx flanxuPiH flssfl Hyynranbi a*Mn yvmcmH reneBneree BOJIOH POMUH TynxarnMH

MoHron ync rye MyynraHfl TaBbcaH raiinaH MjiTrsnaapas.xynsaH seBiueepcHeeKIM. Sax SSSJIMMH sflMMH sacarr UJMJDKMX Hb aflyypan, XYHCHMM xoMCflnwr nxacrsx

sapsr HMMFMUMH ceper y33rflnnPiH yp flaraeap 6on)K 6yiir iyc uniranfl AypbflcaH 6afiHa. "UproH6yp HaHapraii, aroy/irYii XYHC xaparnax spxTaw" raw YHACSH xyynbfl saacan xa^nM H 1990-33AOHbi 3X3H YSfl MoHron ync XYHCHMM ByTssrflsxyYHMM xowcflonfl Hspaarflcsn KDM. AS^XMMH6aHKHaac 1996 OHfl fleyyncaH cyflanraaHbi flyn M3fl33H33c ysesn MoHronwH XYH aMbiH 6opHMM xyeb Hb XYHCHMM naafl aaxbiH x3p3ri 33HMiix33 50 xysMMP XYPT3>K, H3H sflyyrnMH anrnnanfl6arrax 6on>K33. LUnn>KMn™MH yeA MoHron yncafl'XYHCHMI'' Y^nflBSpnsn spc 6yypM, XYHCHMMHonioii xoMGAonfl HspasrASB. TyxaiinSan, YHASCHMM CiaTHCTHKHMH raspun AYH MSAssrasp1997 OHfl yp Tapua, XYHCHMM Horoonbi YMnABSpns/t 1990 OHNXTOM xapbi(yyn6an rye 6yp 70, 50xysnap Gyypcan 6aMHa. TMMMSSC MOHrojiHyyAHH rypMn, XYHCHMH Horoonbi xspsrnas earacnwax, cyyn 6yT33rfl3xyYHMM xspsrnss H3M3PAC3H a*33. XYHCHMM xoMCflnbin ynMaac Ljyc6araAani, MOAWH xoMCAnooc YYflC3H swrsr, paxMT sspsr eanneep eBHnerflerceAMMH TOO

6aPtHa.

Hexqen 6aMAan TMMHXYY xyHAspcsn iyn XYHCHMM awynryM 6aMflan, xspsrnssHfl SBCPMMHraapaac anxaapan rasbw BaMHa. 1995 OHA coepxcon XYHCHMM ryxaPi xyynbA XYHCHMMBaMflan, xspsrnssr caii>Kpyynax acyyflnbir XYH aM, gMsrrsMHYYA, Manbin TOO TOHPOM,a>K axyMH 6YT33PA3xyYHMMr HSMSPAYY^SX Myxar BoAnoroA HMML^YY/ISH Tycracan KJM. XYHCHMMTanaapx flanxviMH Myynranbi UJHMABSPMMP TywnBapTaw X3p3r>KYYJi3x aopMiiroop XYHC,TswssnMMH Tanaap a>Knn yPincMiiH YHASCHMM Teneanereer MonronbiH SacrMMH rasapSonoBcpyynchbir SAYPSS naMAyyA xsnsnusw BaCiraa awss.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

i jI I '

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIi

THE FOOD SUMMITAt the Food Summit in Rome, heads of state and government gathered to address theproblems of hunger and malnutrition, which slow growth in food production and popu-lation expansion have exacerbated. The Summit reaffirmed a commitment for foodsecurity that ensures "all people, at all times, have physical and economic access tosufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferencesfor an active and healthy life." The Summit agreed on a goal to reduce the number ofundernourished people in the developing countries by half by the year 2015.

The Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Actionwere adopted as commitments for realising the goals and actions set forth at the FoodSummit. The Declaration and the Plan of Action calls for effective policy and strategydevelopment to eliminate hunger and malnutrition; and they gave governments theprime responsibility to fight for food security. The Plan of Action articulated sevencommitments to achieve food security, with particular emphasis on the linkage be-tween poverty eradication and food security:

• Ensure conditions foreconomic and socialprogress conducive tofood security;

• Eradicate poverty to improve access to adequatefood;

• Pursue sustainable increases in food production

• Enhance world trade systemfor food security

• Prepare, prevent, andrespond to foodemergencies

• Promote optimal investment in human resources,sustainable productioncapacity, and rural development;

• Implement and monitor the Plan of Action.

MONGOLIA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTION

POLICIES AND ACTION PLANThe Government of Mongolia made a clear commitment to the objectives of the World FoodSummit Plan of Action and to the principles of the Rome Declaration through their CountryReport to the World Food Summit. In its report, the Government of Mongolia accepts that thetransition to a market economy was coupled with social degradation, particularly increasedpoverty and malnutrition. Although the constitution declares the citizen's right to qualitative,secure and clean food, Mongolia became a food-deficit country in the early 1990s. A recentstudy by the World Bank (1996) shows that about six percent of the population lives inextreme poverty, consuming only 50 percent of required nutriants. During the economictransition, Mongolia experienced dramatic decreases in food production and accessibility.For example, data provided by the National Statistical Office suggests that wheat productionand vegetable consumption have declined about 70 percent and 50 percent in 1997, respec-tively, compared to 1990 figures. The decline led Mongolians to further concentrate their dieton meat and milk products, while reducing consumption of flour and vegetables. Conse-quently, the incidence of malnutrition, anaemia, goitre (iodine deficiency), and rickets is risingin Mongolia.

Because of these deteriorating conditions, the government has given more attention toimproving food security and nutrition. The Food Law was enacted in 1995 and"food securityand nutrition issues were integrated into important policies on population, advancement ofwomen, and improvement of livestock and agricultural production. Directly responding to theWorld Food Summit, the government drafted the National Plan of Action on Food and Nutritionthat is currently under review by the ministries

In terms of institutional arrangements on policy and programmes related to food security andnutrition, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare are respon-

TES-yyduts

maettx

XYHCHMM atoynryti SaMflajnaPi xonBooiOM 6oflJioro, X6Ten6epnMH Gyiau, SOXMOHBaPiryynanTbiH acyyflnfair XeAee a>K axyw, yM/iABSpnsnMtfH naM, SpYyn MSHA, HMM>MMMHxaiwraannbiH naM xapMy^qar Baiiraa 6onoeH isflrsap nawflbiH xoopoHflbiH soxMnyynanr,xaMTbiH a>KMJinaraa floronflO)K Batfraa Hb Bspxmssn ynpyy/icaap BaMHa.

, OJIOJIT AM>KMJITXYHCHMM aroynrYM BaPiAnur xanrax, XYHCHMM XYPTSSMWMMT H3MarflYYJ13X X3p3ri(33uiaapflnaraac YYfl3H SacrMMH raapaac YHflscnuii X3A xsflSH xerenBep Bonoscpyy/icaHBaPiHa. 1990 xsflsn OHW sxssp XYHCHMM HOLITOM xoMCflonfl ync opoH Hspssrflssfl Bafixyefl XYHCHMM aroynryii GaiiAnbiH tanaap aHXHbi canaaMMnra rapn XYH aMbin XYHCHMMxanraMWMMr caM>Kpyynax YHflscHMM xerenSepMMr 1993 OHfl 3acrMMH raapaacSonoBcpyyncan Qnnss. TSBH ryxaiiH SacrnfiH raaap eepMnernceH ywp rap xerenQep6yp3H x3p3r>KM>r HaflaaryPi KJM. XYHCHMM SOJIOH HapMMH HorooHbi yprai(bir HSMsrflyY/iaxsopMnroop SacrnPiH raapaac 1997 OHfl "HorooH xyBbcran" YHflscHnii xerenSep coepxonfl3M>KC3H KIM. YYHMM YP flYHfl 1997 OHfl XyHCHMM HOTOO TapHaHCaH raapblH X3M)K33 35xysnap H3M3fflC3H BaPiHa. MonronbiH Mprefl awYnrYM XYHC xspsrnsx coHMpxonroMBaftraar rye xerejnBepMMr xspsnKYYnw 6yPi aiwKMnr xapyynjK 6aMHa.

6ycHYB XC, MOAfl, fOHMCEO, HYB XAC, HYB XX, flsxMMH 6aHK, fl3MB sspsrYHA3CTHMM iepen>KceH 6a£iryynnaryyA MonronbiH 3acrnMH raaap,BaPiryynnaryyAaA rexHMKMMH BonooA caHXYYrMMH ~rycnanu,aa A3M>Kn3r6aMHa. TYYHMHSH ASMMH XentaiMMH 6aHK, XBHR/-biH sacrMMH rasap Hb MoHronbiH xeAeea>K axyfiH ca/i6apbiH xysbfl TOMOOXOH xaHflnenarHMA K)M. HsrflcsH YHASCTHMM XYHCHMM6atiryy/inara Hb XYHCHMM janaapx fls/ixMMH fl33A Myy/iraHbi LUMMABSP MonronA xspxsnxsp3r>KM>K 6yMr xfinax spx 6yxMM Batiryynnara Men 6ereeA XYHCHMM6yT33M)KMMr HSMsrflYY-nsx Tanaap MonronA XSA X3A3H recen>KMUJ33Ji63n, 6yypafi xenKMnisii, XYHC XOMCACOH opHyyAaA aopMyn* XYHCHMM aroynryMBaMAHbiH ranaap rycraM XerenSep HSPACSH YHASCTHMM XYYXAMMH Can (HYB XC)SoiiOBcpyynaH xspsnKYYnas. XYHCHMM araynr/fi SaMflnbiH 33AP33T3M L\orL\ acyyflanAHHIT xaHAax waapflnarbiH YYflH33C XYHCHMM aioynrYM BaMAan, TsaosnMMH ranaapSeBUJMimex Tynxarr MOHFOJIWH SacrMMH raaap, HSTACSH YHASCTHMM repenMcenBaMryynnaryyA 1998 OHH 11 AYr33p capA rapbiH Ycsr sypcaH BM/ISS. Tyc TyHxarrXYHCHMM aroynryM 6aMAnbir caM>xpyy.nax YHASCHMM BOJIOH onon yncbm acpMnro,Boflnoro, xeienBepMMH xspsoKMniMMr xaMtpan Yprsn>iaiYYJi3X33 MoHronwH SacrMMHrasap, HsrflC3H YHASCTHMM Tepenwcen BaMryy/inaryyA MnspxMMncsn KDM.

araynryM BawAan, rasap TapMananrMMH acyyflan spxsnAsr TepufiH 6ycBaPiryynjiara MOHTO/IA xypyy AapaM i4eeH BUM. TSCSH XSAMM H T3fir9dp BaMryynnaryyA

rasbcaH aopunroAOO XYPSX yssn canaa, HMT xaHAnaraa TOAopxoPijiox 63/16on« BafiHa. TyxafinBan, MOHTOJIA "Horoon xyebcran" xerenBepMMr

a»nn yMncMfir l_|3M3pri3rHAMMH HMiirsMnsr XYHCHMM atoynryM BaMAan,Byypyynax aopMnroioM xocnyynan yAMpflax ron YYP3r ryMI43Tr3>K BaMHa.

XYHCHMM ranaapx fla/iXMMH A33A MyynraHW aopMnr xspxsH XSPSDKMW ByPir YH3n>KAyrnsx sopunroop XeAse a* axyw, YMnflBopnanuMH aawnaac 1998 OHU TOBH TawnanrapracaH BaPiHa. flsnxMMH Myynranaac ASBUjyyncsH aopMnrur oMenyYnaxMMH iyn/;YHA3CHMM XSMWSSHA xnHariT TaBMX, YHsnrso erex wexaHMSMbir yjiaM BonoBcponryMBonroH caPi)Kpyyjiax LuaapAJiararaM Bawraa a>K33. CaaxaH coepxcon XYHCHMM atoynryMBaPiAan, iswssnMMH ranaap SesujM/mex Tynxarr yHAScnsn SacrMMH raaap, HY5-bma>KkinMflaac BYPACSH a»oibiH rasan xscar BaMryyncaH BaPiHa.

flaapx XYHMH HapMaPinTyyA H3r XYHA norAOx XYHCHMM BYisarAaxYYHMM 1989 OHbix3M>K33r cspr33>K 43AcaH .6aPiHa. F3XA33 Max, CYYH 6yT33rA3XYYH aspsr XYHCHMM

H3p repriMMH yPinABspnsn MonronA Byypcaap BaPina. XYHCHMM aioynrywn, T3>K3annMH T3HL\3HA eepmiem opyynax ujaapAnaraTavi row. MoHronbiH xeAee

a* axytfn canBapi XYH xy^HMCi HeeuMtir HSMsrAYYJisx, Boflnoro, a*Mn YWICMMHrenesnereer BonoacpoHryvt BonroxbiH iynA 3ac™vtn raaap, tepHMH 6yc BOHOH OHOHyncbiH BaMryynnaryyA xoopoHAbm HHTT xaMTbm a>Knnnaraar xer>KYY/i3xLuaapAnaraiaPi Baiina.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

sible for these issues, but lack of co-ordination and co-operation between the twoministries has hindered effective and efficient action.

PROGRAMMES AND ACHIEVEMENTSNational

Programmes

The government has responded to the need for improved food security and nutrition byestablishing several national programmes. Severe shortages of food in the early 1990sspurred the first major initiative on food security. In 1993, the government developed theNational Programme for the Improvementof Food Supply for the Population. How-ever; because of changes in government,the programme was implemented only ona limited scale. In 1997, government en-dorsed the National Programme on theGreen Revolution to increase vegetableproduction in the country. Consequently,total vegetable farm area increased bymore than 35 percent in 1997. The suc-cess of the programme demonstrates thatMongolia's citizens are increasing inter-est on food security and nutrition issues.

UN agencies, including FAO, IFAD, UNICEF,UNFPA, UNDP, the World Bank, and WHOhave been providing technical and finan-cial assistance to the government andNGOs in Mongolia. The Asian Develop-ment Bank and the Government of Ger-many are also major donors to the agriculture sector. The FAO has a mandate toimplement and monitor the commitments made at the World Food Summit, and has initiatedseveral projects to increase productivity and food production in Mongolia. For example,the FAO launched the Special Programme on Food Security for the low-income fooddeficit countries. Responding to the need for a holistic approach to the complex issuesof food security and nutrition, the Government of Mongolia and the UN agencies signedthe Memorandum of Understanding on Food Security and Nutrition in November 1998. Inthe Memorandum, the government and UN agencies pledged to continue to build uponinternational and national commitments, policies and programmes to improve food secu-rity and nutrition in Mongolia.

•""••""?• Only a few national NGOs are active in food security and agricultural issues in Mongolia.NGO Support Nonetheless, these NGOs have the capacity and vision to address their concerns. For

*Q pood and examP'e' 'ne Society for Horticulture became a driving force in advocating and adoptingthe Green Revolution Programme in Mongolia by identifying linkages between food secu-rity and poverty alleviation.

UN Supportto Food and

Nutrition

ConferenceGoals

AchievementandFutureChallenges

To assess the follow up to the World Food Summit, the Ministry of Agriculture prepareda brief status report in 1998. A monitoring and evaluation mechanism at the national levelneeds to be further devefoped and strengthened to follow up on the goals set forth at theFood Summit. Based on the recently signed Memorandum of Understanding on FoodSecurity and Nutrition, five working groups made up of government and UN staff havebeen established to track issues related to the Food Summit.

These efforts have helped to restore consumption of food products per capita to their1989 levels. However, the amount of food produced in Mongolia has remained constantor has decreased for most'of the essential food products, excluding meat and dairyproducts. Challenges remain to assure food security and balanced nutrition in Mongolia.Close co-operation among government, NGOs, and international agencies is required todevelop strong policy and action plans and strengthen human capacity of the agriculturesector in Mongolia.

XYHCHMM TAJIAAPX B3/lXI/lflH

Bars xypan: XYHCHMM ranaapx flanxMMH,J?.OM, 1999.11.13-17XYHCHMM ranaapx A33fl HyynranMranM186

Myynran

An6aH 6yc Hap:XYJISSH asarn ync:

OponnocH yncbiH TOO:Bara xypnbm EpeHXMMHapMMH 6nMrMMH flapra: XaiarraM Kaft KMnnMHrcBopr, flanxMMH XYHCHMM BaMryynnarbiH

xapunnaaHbi raapbin aaxupan acanTon C3fl3s: Byx HMMTMMH XYHCHMM aroynryM eawflnur xanrax

TBB-yyflbiH oponu,oo: 127 ync opnbi 500 Teneeners oponL|coHbi 33psri433 napnaMeHTbinrwuiYYfl, cpepwep rsp CYJIMMH xon6oo, xysniiH ceicropbiH33p3ri(3

6apMMT

apra:

OMHOX 6ara xypan:

: XYHCHMM aioynrYM 6a(iRnt,\H ryxaii POMUH Tynxar, XYHCHMMTanaapx flsnxnwH MyynraHbi a>Knn yi/ir\cmn TeneejiereeMoHronfl: XYHCHMM Hyyuranbi MonronbiH TawnaH Mnrran3KOCOK, EpeHXMM AccaM6neti, Harflcsn YHflsciHuii XYHCHMMEaMryyrmaraPOM (1974), POM (1992)

IIIIIIIIII

WORLDFOOD SUMMIT

Conference:

Informal Name:Host Government:

Number of Governmentparticipating:

Conference SecretaryGeneral:

Principal themes:NGO presence:

Resulting Documents:

Following up mechanism:Previous conferences:

World Food SummitRome, 13-17 November 1996The Food SummitItaly

186

Ms. Kay Killihgsworth, former Director, Office of ExternalRelations, FAOTo ensure food security for allgood representation500 youth from 127 countries attended the parallel international^forum, while other parallel meetings were held by parliamentar-ians, Family Farmers' Association, and the private sectorGlobal: Rome Declaration on World Food Security and WorldFood Summit Plan of World ActionMongolia: Country Report to the Food SummitECOSOC, the General Assembly and FAORome (1974), Rome. (1992),

II

I

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

WStMw

DOCUMENTS ON THE FOLLOW-UP TO THEUN GLOBAL CONFERENCES

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY(The documents with the * are available at the UN Information Shop in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)

GENERAL• *The World Conferences, UN Briefing Papers. Develop-ing Priorities for the 21s1 Century, United Nations/Department ofPublic Information (UN/DPI). 1997, New York

• One World: The UN Conferences Series, Youth andMongolia into the 21st Century, United Nations, Ulaanbaatar,1998

CHILDREN'S SUMMIT• "The World Summit for Children: the World Declarationand Plan of Action, UNICEF, 1990, New York

• 'Mongolia's National Programme of Action for theDevelopment of Children in the 1990s. Government ofMongolia. 1993

EARTH summ• 'Agenda 21: The UN Programme of Action from Rio,UN/DPI, 1002, New York

• 'Mongolian Action Programme for the 21st Century,Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1998.

• 'Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan for Mongolia,Government of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, 1997

HUMAN RIGHTS CONFERENCE• 'World Conference on Human Rights: The ViennaDeclaration and Programme of Action. UN/DPI, New York, 1993

• 'Memorandum of Understanding on Human Rightsbetween the Government of Mongolia and the UnitedNations Country Team, Ulaanbaatar, 1998

• Human Rights. The Commemoration of the 50"1

Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of HumanRights. United Nations, Ulaanbaatar, 1997

POPULATION CONFERENCE• Population and Development Programme of Actionadopted by the International Conference on Populationand Development, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994, UN.UNFPA,1995

• 'Mongolian Country Report on Population andDevelopment 1993, National Preparatory Committee for ICPD,Cairo, 1994, Government of Mongolia, 1993

• 'Population Policy of Mongolia, Unofficial Translation,Government of Mongolia, 1996

SOCIAL SUMMIT

• 'World Summit for Social Development: CopenhagenDeclaration and the Programme of Action, UN/DPI, New York,1995

• 'Guidelines for Implementing the Agenda for Actionon Social Development in the ESCAP Region, UN/ESCAP,1996

• 'National Report: World Summit For Social Develop-ment, Copenhagen, 1995, Government of Mongolia, 1994

• 'Poverty Alleviation Programme, Government ofMongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1994

• 'The National Unemployment Reduction Programme,Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1996

BEIJING WOMEN CONFERENCE• 'Platform for Action and the Beijing Declaration:Fourth Women Conference on Women, Beijing, China, 4-15September 1995, UN/DPI, New York, 1995

• 'The National Programme of Action for the Advance-ment of Women, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1996

FOOD SUMMIT

• 'Report on the Word Food Summit (includes the RomeDeclaration on World Food Security and the World Food SummitPlan of Action), 13-17 November 1996, FAO, Rome, 1997

• 'Memorandum of Understanding: Food Security andNutrition, The Government of Mongolia and the United NationsSystem, Ulaanbaatar, 1998

INDICATORS

• 'Social Statistics: Follow up to the World SocialSummit on Social Development, Report of the ExpertGroup on the Statistical Implications of Recent MajorUnited Nations Conferences, Jan 1996

• Provisional Guidelines for the Formulation of :United Nations Development Assistance Framework(UNDAF), Aug 1997

COUNTRY REPORTS

• 'United Nations Development Assistance Frame-work for the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 1998-2000.Reaching Out to Serve Better. Hanoi, Vietnam. May, 1998

• 'Pakistan and the UN's Global Agenda. AnInteragency Working Paper on an Integrated Follow-up to theGlobal Conferences. Islamabad, Pakistan. February, 1997

• 'Follow up to United Nations Global Conferences:Bangladesh, October 1998

MAIN SOURCES OF STATISTICS

• Mongolian Statistical Yearbook 1997National Statistical Office

• Statistical Yearbook, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare•* Statistical Yearbook, Ministry of Enlightenment

I

WBWJ1COHH3PCGTZ FepMaHbi TexHMKHMHTycnaM»

JICA flnohbi Orion y/icbmXaMTbiHawnnnaraaHbi AreHTnar

MAP-21 MoHronuH axckui vfinc-;syyH Xeren6ep

NGO /TBB/ TepufiH Bye BaMryyonara

UN /HYB/ HarflcaH YHflacTHMii Bafiryyn/iara

UNDP /HYB XX/ HYB -WH XenwiMMH

UNESCO HYB- bm Bonoecpoji, Coen,LLJuHHoiax yxaaHbi 6aPiryynnara

UNHCHR HYB-biH XYHHM spxniiH Rs3f\ Xopoo

UNICEF HYB-biH XYYXflWMH can

USAID AHY-biH OnoH yncbiH XemaiMHHAreHTnar

WHO

I

I

I

Baiiryyji/iara

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSGTZ German Technical Assistance

JICA Japan International CooperationAgency

MAP-21 Mongolian Action Plan for the 21st

Century

NGO Non-governmental Organisation

UN United Nations

UNDP United Nations DevelopmentProgramme

UNESCO United Nations Educational,Scientific, and Cultural Organisation

UNHCHR United Nations High Commissionerfor Human Rights

UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund

USAID United States Agency forInternational Development

WHO World Health Organisation

1

1

INTERNETADDRESSES

United Nations Home Pagehttp://www.un.org

United Nations Sales Publications on the InternetAddress: UN.org/Pubs/Sales.htm

Fourth World Conference on Womennttp://www.un.org/dDcsd/daw/daw1 .htm

International Conference on Natural Disaster Reductionhttp://www.reliefweb int/dha ol/

International Conference on Population and Developmenthttp://www.un(pa.o:'g

The Ninth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offendershttp://news.sas.ab.ca/uncp

UNCTAD IXhtto://www.unicc.org/unctad

United Nations Conference on Human Settlementshtto://www.un.org/Conferences/habitat

United Nations Global Conference on the SustainableDevelopment of Small Island Developing States

htto./,'www.un.org/dpcsd/dsd

World Conference on Human Rightshttp://www.unhcr.ch

World Food Summithttp://www.fao.org

World Summit for ChildrenGopher.uniceg.org

World Summit for Social Developmenthttp://www.undp.org/wssd.html

All publications are available at the UNInfo Shop

P.O. Box 49/207Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaPhone: 976-1-325911Fax: 976-1-326221E-Mail: saruul@undp.orgUN Homepage: http://www.un-mongolia.mn

Production/Design Supervision: David South, UNDPCommunications Coordinator

Proof Reading: N.Oyuntungalag, UNDP CommunicationsOfficer/David South

Research and Writing: Yoko Watanabe and G.SaruulTranslation and Editing: Michael Richmond and Agar

Layout: D.Bat-Erdene

Printed in Mongolia by ADMON Co., Ltd.

United Nations in Mongolia

'"''UNDPUNDP Resident RepresentativeP.O. Box 49/207

" Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia•" '•' Phono: 976-1-327585

;. ,2H .If.™.: '".". . 976-1-326221: IJ! • •' ,fo'.mng@undp.qrg

t8: http:ji/www.i|.ii-m(ingplla.mn/undp

•ifo.mng@und[l.org.iawUKyVeljslte: hltp:;;www.un-n)ongol|a;mn/unfpa

' ' ' '

fiioi 3 i'ij| | ^K'E ii-// 'i!jiW0^<!!!S'n'ntMn!.'*'.-