the skeletal system kiersten adams marianne fritz heather rawls christian wilson group 1 chapter 15...
TRANSCRIPT
The Skeletal System
Kiersten Adams Marianne FritzHeather Rawls
Christian Wilson
Group 1 Chapter 15 Lesson 2
Functions of the Skeletal System
Plays important role in movement, provides strong stable and mobile framework on which the muscles act upon
It supports and protects your organs
Functions of the Skeletal System
The bones are the principle storage center for the bodies essential minerals
Calcium Phosphorus
They also manufacture the bodies blood cells
Red bone marrow produces millions of blood cells each day
Structure of the SkeletonSkeletal System is divided
into two main part
Axial Skeleton:
Includes the 80 bones of the skull, spine ribs and sternum (breastbone). These bones are
mainly used for protection
Structure of the Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton:
Includes the 126 bones of the shoulders, arms,
hands, hips, legs and feet. These bones are mainly
used for movement
Types of Bones
Long Bone: A bone with a greater length than width, curved for strength to hold up the body
-Extremities
Short Bone: Bones that are as broad as they are long
-Hands and Feet
Types of BonesFlat Bone: Thin flat
shape that protects the organs
-Ribs and Skull
Irregular Bone: Uncategorical shape
-Vertebrae
Major Bones of the Skeleton
Skull
Vertebrae
Ribs
Humerus
Radius
Major Bones of the SkeletonUlna
Pelvis
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Cartilage The skeletal
system is made up of not only bones but Cartilage, a strong, flexible connective tissue.
Cartilage Cartilage serves many functions :
Lines the surfaces of joints and enables them to move smoothly
Cushions joining vertebrae Supports the nose and ears Baby skeleton is mostly
cartilage
Cartilage Cartilage cells are replaced
with age by bone cells and minerals in a process call Ossification The process by which bone is formed, renewed and repaired
Joints
Ball-and Socket Joints: Allows the widest range of movement: backwards, forwards, sideways and circularShoulder and Hips
Pivot Joints: Bone protection allows rotation
The point at which two bones meet
First two vertebrae in the neck
Joints Ellipsoidal Joints: Oval shaped part
that fits into a curved space, allowing for all types of movement except pivotalWrist
Hinge Joints: Allows bending, straightening, and rotating Fingers
JointsLigament: Tough bands of
fibrous, slightly, elastic tissue that bind the bone ends at the joint, preventing excessive movement
Tendon: Fibrous cords that join muscle to bone other muscles
Care of the Skeleton System
Nutrition Calcium:
essential for building stone bones
-Dairy Products
Care of the Skeleton System
Phosphorous: combined with calcium gives bones there firmness
-Milk, peas, beans, liver, cottage cheese broccoli and whole grains
Care of the Skeleton System
Exercise Regular physical activity,
especially weight bearing exercise increases bone mass
Promotes better circulation of blood, increasing nourishment to your bones
• Hairline Fractures: Incomplete, the bone doesn’t break into two pieces
Problems of the Skeletal System
Problems of the Skeletal System
• Transverse Fractures: Complete break
Problems of the Skeletal System
• Comminuted Fractures: Shatters bone into more than two pieces
Problems of the Skeletal System
Problems of the Skeletal System
A condition in which bone density decreases, causing bones to become brittle and easily fractured
Women more vulnerable after menopause
Problems of the Skeletal System
Prevention: Getting ample physical exercise
Eating food rich in calcium
Problems of the Skeletal System
Lateral, or side-to-side, curvature of the spine
Starts in childhood, easily seen when growing stops
Most schools have scoliosis screening programs
Problems of the Skeletal System
Treatment:ExerciseSpecial braceSurgery