the solar system
DESCRIPTION
You can see Francesco's class presentation on the solar system. Our students really enjoyed it.TRANSCRIPT
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
A galaxy is an enormous group of stars, dust, gas, and other celestial bodies bound together by gravitational forces.
•Galaxies contain 100,000 to 3,000,000,000,000 stars.
Do you know the name of our galaxy?Our galaxy is called …
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
Usted está aquíVoi siete qui
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The Milky WayThe Milky Way (Vía Lactea) is a spiral galaxy.
Our solar system is a small part of the Milky Way.
Most of the stars that we can see are in the Milky Way.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The Solar System is a small part of the Milky Way The Solar System is a small part of the Milky Way galaxy. It includes:galaxy. It includes:
-One medium-sized star (One medium-sized star (the Sunthe Sun)) -A group of planets, dwarf planets A group of planets, dwarf planets (=planetas (=planetas enanos),enanos), and satellites and satellites-Asteroids and comets-Asteroids and comets
Do you know how many planets are there in the Do you know how many planets are there in the solar system?solar system?
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The correct answer is:The correct answer is:
““In the Solar System there are EIGHT planets!”In the Solar System there are EIGHT planets!”
Now let’s speak their names aloud.Now let’s speak their names aloud.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
In Spanish
Mercurio
Venus
Tierra
Marte
Júpiter
Saturno
Urano
Neptuno
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
In Spanish In English
Mercurio Mercury
Venus Venus
Tierra Earth
Marte Mars
Júpiter Jupiter
Saturno Saturn
Urano Uranus
Neptuno Neptune
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
In Spanish In Italian In English
Mercurio Mercurio Mercury
Venus Venere Venus
Tierra Terra Earth
Marte Marte Mars
Júpiter Giove Jupiter
Saturno Saturno Saturn
Urano Urano Uranus
Neptuno Nettuno Neptune
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
A group of stars,dust and gas bound together by A group of stars,dust and gas bound together by gravitational forces is called agravitational forces is called a
The galaxy which contains the Solar System is called The galaxy which contains the Solar System is called
There is only one star in the Solar System. This star is There is only one star in the Solar System. This star is called called
The number of planets of the Solar System is The number of planets of the Solar System is
LET’S REPEAT
GALAXY
THE MILKY WAY
SUN
EIGHT
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
THE PLANETS
•The inner planets (planetas interiores) are the planets
closest to the Sun: Mercury, Venus, EarthMercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.Mars.
They are made up mostly of rock.
The outer planets (planetas exteriores) are Jupiter, Saturn, Jupiter, Saturn,
UranusUranus,, and NeptuneNeptune.
They are made up of large balls of gases with rings around
them.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The Inner Planets
The Outer Planets
Mercury Jupiter
Venus Saturn
Earth Uranus
Mars Neptune
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
Our Sun is a star located at the centre of our Solar System. It is a huge, spinning ball of hot gas and nuclear reactions that lights up the Earth and provides us with heat (calor).
The sun’s diameter is over 1,400,000 km. It’s much bigger than any Solar System planet.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
PLANETARY MOTION. 1: REVOLUTION
The Solar System planets orbit around the Sun counterclockwise in roughly circular orbits.This is called revolution
A year (año) is the length of time that it takes a planet to revolve around the Sun. It depends on the orbit’s length.
For example, the Earth takes 365 days to revolve around the Sun, while Uranus takes more than 30,000 days (84 Earth’s years)!
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
PLANETARY MOTION. 2: ROTATION
Most planets spin (to spin = girar) on their axis.This is called rotation.
A day (día) is the length of time that it takes a planet to rotate on its axis (360º)
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
LET’S REPEAT
We have two different motions of the Solar System planets:
1 (REVOLUTION). Each planet orbits around the Sun counterclockwise in a roughly circular orbit.
2. (ROTATION) Each planet spins on its axis.
These two motions are simultaneous, which means they happen both at the same time
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
And now…SOME QUESTIONS FOR THE CLASS:How long is the revolution period of Saturn?Which is the planet with the longest revolution period?
Which is the planet with the longest rotation period? And the one with the shortest?
PlanetRevolution period(in years)
Rotation period (in days)
Mercury 0.241 58.6
Venus 0.615 243
Earth 1.00 1.00
Mars 1.88 1.03
Jupiter 11.86 0.414
Saturn 29.46 0.426
Uranus 84.01 0.718
Neptune 164.79 0.6745
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The correct answers are:The revolution period of Saturn is 29.46 years.
The planet with the longest revolution period is Neptune (164.79 years!)(that means: one Saturn year = 164 Earth years!)
The planet with the longest rotation period is Venus (243 days), while the one with the shortest is Jupiter (0.414 days)
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Most planets have got one or more satellites which orbit around them.
For example, the Earth has got 1 satellite orbiting around it. Do you know the name of Earth’s satellite?
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
SATELLITES
Earth’s unique satellite is called…
THE MOON (la Luna) !
Satellites are also called “moons”.Some planets have got one or more satellites, while others have got none.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
PlanetNo. of satellites
DiameterWeight(peso)
Mercury 0 0.382 0.06
Venus 0 0.949 0.82
Earth 1 1.00 1.00
Mars 2 0.53 0.11
Jupiter 63 11.2 318
Saturn 61 9.41 95
Uranus 27 3.98 14.6
Neptune 13 3.81 17.2
And now…SOME QUESTIONS FOR THE CLASS:Which is the planet with the greatest number of satellites? And what are the planets that don’t have satellites?
Which is the biggest (in diameter) planet of the Solar System?And the heaviest? And the lightest? (heavy = pesado, light = ligero)
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
The correct answers are:The planet with the greatest number of satellites is JUPITER: it has got 63!
In the Solar System, there are two planets with no satellites. They are MERCURY and VENUS.
The biggest planet is JUPITER, which is also the heaviest.And the lightest is MERCURY.
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
• The usual units of measurement (like meters or kilometers) are too small to be used in astronomy.
Therefore, astronomers introduced new units of measurement.
Do you know the names of these units?
(C) Francesco Scudellari - Comenius 2010/2011
• ASTRONOMICAL UNIT (AU)An astronomical unit is equal to the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun
(about 149,600,000 km)
• LIGHT-YEARA light-year is the distance that light can travel in one year in a vacuum
(just under one trillion kilometers! That is…. 10,000,000,000,000 km!!! Or, more precisely, 9,460,730,472,581 km)