BEGIN

THe Solar System

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As you go Read, Write definitions for the following terms On Loose Leaf paper

[there will be a pencil next to everything you have to write down]

StarPlanetsTerrestrial PlanetsJovian PlanetsAsteroidsCometDwarf PlanetsMoon

When you are done, answer the practice Regents Questions at the end

The solar system began as a cloud of swirling gas and Dust between 4.3 and 4.8

billion years ago

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Gas and dust leftover

after the sun formed sticks together to

form the planets

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Watch Video #1 Exploring the Solar system

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What is the Solar System made of?

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A Star

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a self-luminous ball of gas held together by gravity

The Sun is a Main SeQuence Star of average mass and middle age

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Planetsthe Largest celestial bodies in elliptical orbits around the Sun

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The Planets are...

Mercury

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Venus

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Earth

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Mars

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Together, these Four inner planets are called the Terrestrial Planets

Terrestrial Planets are rocky planets with a high density but small size. They are found in the interior part of the solar system

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Watch Video #2 Curiosity Mission to Mars

Jupiter

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Saturn

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uranus

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Neptune

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these Four Outer planets are known as Jovian PLanets

Jovian PLanets are lower density Gas Giants made mostly of compressed gas surrounding a tiny liQuid or Solid core.

They are considered outer planets.

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Size Comparisoncore of the Gas Giants and the Earth

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Watch Video #3 Exploring the Gas Giants

Then Watch Video #4 rings

Size comparison of planets and Sun

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There are two major Planetary motions

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revolution of the planets

[the orbital motion]

And...

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rotation of the planets

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Terrestrial Planets and Jovian Planets are separated

by The Asteroid Belt

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AsteroidsSmall rocky Celestial Bodies orbiting the sun

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The Asteroid Belt is located between Mars and Jupiter

asteroid vesta is the largest Asteroid in the Asteroid Belt

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The Kuiper Belt is another large Field of asteroids located Just

outside of Neptune’s orbit

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Inside these Asteroid areas there Are objects too big to be Asteroids but too small

to be planets

Dwarf Planets

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Celestial bodies orbiting the sun, smaller than mercury but with a round shape

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Pluto is a Dwarf planet

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Earth Venus

(Jupiter’s moon)

DWArF PLANETS

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Watch Video #5Why Pluto is not a planet

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Outside the Kuiper Belt is the Oort Cloud where

Comets originate

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Comets A celestial body made of ice and dust with a tail of gas pointing away from the sun

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A comet is like a dirty Snowball

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movem

ent

In this example, As the comet approaches the sun, the tail is

behind the comet, away from the sun

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movem

ent

As the comet passes the sun, the tail is no longer behind the comet

but still away from the sun

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Watch Video #6Asteroids, Comets and Meteors

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There are over 150 moons orbiting the planets in

our solar system

Moons

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Natural Satellites orbiting the planets

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Watch Video #7Moons

Physical Setting/Earth Science Reference Tables — 2010 Edition 15

Solar System DataCelestialObject

Mean Distance from Sun

(million km)

Period ofRevolution

(d=days) (y=years)

Period ofRotation at Equator

Eccentricityof Orbit

EquatorialDiameter

(km)

Mass(Earth = 1)

Density(g/cm3)

SUN — — 27 d — 1,392,000 333,000.00 1.4

MERCURY 57.9 88 d 59 d 0.206 4,879 0.06 5.4

VENUS 108.2 224.7 d 243 d 0.007 12,104 0.82 5.2

EARTH 149.6 365.26 d 23 h 56 min 4 s 0.017 12,756 1.00 5.5

MARS 227.9 687 d 24 h 37 min 23 s 0.093 6,794 0.11 3.9

JUPITER 778.4 11.9 y 9 h 50 min 30 s 0.048 142,984 317.83 1.3

SATURN 1,426.7 29.5 y 10 h 14 min 0.054 120,536 95.16 0.7

URANUS 2,871.0 84.0 y 17 h 14 min 0.047 51,118 14.54 1.3

NEPTUNE 4,498.3 164.8 y 16 h 0.009 49,528 17.15 1.8

EARTH’SMOON

149.6(0.386 from Earth)

27.3 d 27.3 d 0.055 3,476 0.01 3.3

Characteristics of Stars(Name in italics refers to star represented by a .)

(Stages indicate the general sequence of star development.)

Color

Surface Temperature (K)

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

100,000

1,000,000

Lum

inos

ity(R

ate

at w

hich

a s

tar

emits

ene

rgy

rela

tive

to th

e S

un)

20,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 3,000

Blue Blue White White Yellow

2,000

RedOrange

Sirius

Spica

Polaris

Rigel

Deneb Betelgeuse

SUPERGIANTS(Intermediate stage)

(Intermediate stage)GIANTS

Barnard’sStar

ProximaCentauri

Pollux

Alpha Centauri

Aldebaran

Sun

Procyon B SmallStars

MassiveStars

WHITE DWARFS(Late stage)

MAIN SEQUENCE

(Early stage)

40 Eridani B

30,000

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Much solar system information can be found on pg. 15 of the ESRTs

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I SAID THE END!!!What more do you want?

A puppy?