the storage dimension of the oxycombustion based

THE STORAGE DIMENSION OF THE OXYCOMBUSTION BASED INTEGRATED CCS PROJECT OF LACQ AND ROUSSE.

Dominique Copin Coordinator CCS

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE CONTENTS

Pilot project overview

Surface operational feedback

Transport and subsurface operational feedback

Conclusions

Oxyfuel Combustion Conference Ponferrada Spain 9 - 13 september 2013 2

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE

Oxyfuel Combustion Conference Ponferrada Spain 9 - 13 september 2013

PILOT PROJECT OVERVIEW

3

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Lacq site

Pont d’As

Saint-Faust

Lacq

5 km

Existing right of way

City of PAU

Rousse-1 injection well

27bar

TRANSPORT: 27km long pipe from Lacq to Rousse

A Full industrial integrated chain : 1st In Europe testing the Oxy-combustion technology on a 30MWth Gas boiler.

Budget : CAPEX 60 M Euros

Financial Investment Decision end of 2006

First CO2 capture: July 3rd, 2009

First CO2 injection in Rousse reservoir: January 8th, 2010

End of injection:15th March 2013 (more than 50 kt CO2 captured and injected)

Post-injection observation period: 3 years starting 15th March 2013


PROJECT OBJECTIVES

Acquire expertise and reduce costs for future industrial deployment

To demonstrate the technical feasibility and reliability of an integrated onshore Carbone Capture and Storage scheme for steam production.

To acquire operational experience and data to up-scale the oxy-combustion technology from pilot (30MWth) to industrial scale (200MWth).

To develop geological storage qualification methodologies.

To develop monitoring methodologies on site to prepare future larger scale long term onshore storage projects (micro seismic monitoring, environmental monitoring…).


6

6 Lacq deep gas reservoir

Oxygen Production

Unit

Lacq gas production

1

Natural gas inlet

2

Lacq gas treatment plant

3

Commercial gas

4

Utilities Boiler oxycombustion

5

CO2

6

CO2 Transportation

7

Compression

8 CO2 injection

9

CO2 storage

10

4000 m

4500 m Natural gas

Steam

Purification / CO2 dehydration

Compression

Rousse reservoir

Industrial scale: 30MWth oxycombustion

CO2 injection CO2 transport CO2 capture Natural Gas production

A COMPLETE INDUSTRIAL CHAIN




SURFACE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATIONAL FEEDBACK

7

PILOT TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Air separation unit

Cryogenic unit (Air Liquide) O2 : 240 t/d

Oxy-combustion Boiler

Existing 1957 boiler revamped by Alstom to oxy-combustion boiler. Oxyburners developed by Air Liquide

(30 MWth, 40 t/h steam @ 60b, 450 C)

Direct Contact Cooler

Cooling of flue gases From to 200 C to 30 C

Drying Unit

Outlet : < 20 ppm of water

Wet CO2 compressor

From 1barg to 27 barg

Transport and Storage


ASU

Stack

Flue Gas Recycle

Air

Compressor

L/G separator(s)

Direct Contact Cooler

Dryers

Compressor

27 km long Pipe Well Head

Depleted Gas Reservoir

Rousse Site

Lacq Site

Commercial Gas

Oxygen

HP Steam to Plant network

30MWth OxyBoiler

PILOT PLANT OVERVIEW

Range CO2 90 – 93 %vol

O2 5 – 7 %vol

N2 1 – 3 %vol

Ar 1 %vol

NOx <0,1 % vol

H2O, CO < 10 ppm vol Oxyfuel Combustion Conference Ponferrada Spain 9 - 13 september 2013 9

Air Liquide ASU Design capacity of 240 t/day O2 (99.5%vol purity) No issue

Direct Contact Cooler : cooldown the flue gas from 220 C to 30 C No issue

Air boiler retroffited to Oxy-combustion (4x8 MWth oxy-burners + FG Recycle ) No issue

Air Liquide Molecular Sieves Driers (Spec. at 10 ppm of water) No issue

Lacq compressor (3 Stage reciprocating compressor 1 MW) Corrosion issues recorded during start-up (nitric acid attack on third compressor stage) solved by : - Lower cooling at DCC unit (30 C instead of 50 C) - Slight increase of the suction temperature - Recycling dry CO2 at the inlet of compressor - Improvement of gas/liquid inter stage separators No more issue


SURFACE OPERATIONAL MAIN RESULTS

10



TRANSPORT AND SUB-SURFACE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATIONAL FEEDBACK

11

Rousse compressor

Pinlet: 27bar Poutlet: 51bar

Rousse storage

Depleted gas reservoir @ 4500m/GL

RSE-1 injection well head

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

Capture


CO2 TRANSPORT FROM LACQ TO ROUSSE

CO2 is transported in gas phase at 27bar max

• 27 km long existing carbon steel pipe (Ø 8" / 12" )

• Dry CO2 rich stream avoids corrosion

No issue


Tertiary

Upper Cretaceous

Low Cretaceous

Mano storage

Single well

Depleted Gas

480 30 80 bar

4500 m depth

3% porosity

Km < 1 mD Kf ~ 5 mD

150°C

Major Issues Historical behaviour Pilot requirement

Storage Capacity 910 MSm3 produced 90 kT CO2~ 50 MSm3

Injectivity 300 kSm3/day (prod) 50 kSm3/day

Cap rock integrity 480 bar initial pressure • • • • • • • • • • •

RESERVOIR STORAGE


4 Pressure and Temperature sensors

Objectives :

Pressure loss models calibration

Reservoir models calibration

Monitoring of the well injectivity

3 Micro-seismic sensors

Objectives

To assess the impact of the injection near the

wellbore

Top reservoir @ 4540m

ROUSSE WELL SPECIFIC COMPLETION


Microseismic equipment installed in 7 shallow

wells (TD: 200m/GL):

6 wells on a 2km radius circle around the injection well;

1 well on the injection site.

One seismometer for natural seismicity

Online information transmitted continously to a control center

In case of magnitude > 3, the injection is stopped

Events localized at +/- 250 m/magnitude - 1

Shallow well

SURFACE MICROSEISMIC SENSORS


ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: SOIL GAS, WATER, FAUNA & FLORA

Soil gas (35): CO2 and CH4 concentration and flux. C isotopy. Inert gas. Autumn and winter.

Perched aquifer ( 4 springs) : Chemical and mineral content, every 6 months.

Indicators: pH, conductivity, carbonates, bicarbonates.

Shallow and deep saline aquifers sampled at selected existing water wells (drinking water supply of Pau). Monitoring as for perched aquifer.

Surface water (5 small rivers): Standardized bio-indicators (diatoms and benthic macro invertebrates) and chemical and mineral content. Every 6 months.

Fauna and Flora: Annual inventory of:

• Flora of representative ecosystems (33 sites)

• Several amphibians and insects species (50 sites).

30km

RSE-1

1 km

City of PAU


CUMULATIVE INJECTED CO2

Quantité globale injectée au 15 Mars 2013 : 51000 Tonnes

Corrosion remediations

Work-over RSE1 + modifications of the separators

Tests oxy 200 MWth

Change of cylinder on the Lacq compressor

Average rate110 t/d

Cumulative injected CO2 at 03/15/2013: 51 k Tons

CO2 injection rate

Cum

ul C

O2

inje

cted

(t)


The gas injected in Rousse contains about 92 %weight of CO2

18

SUB-SURFACE FEEDBACK MONITORING

BHP Maxi case

BHP measurement

Period of Mano single production

Bottom hole P measurement


Long term wise

CO2 accumulates in low points of the reservoir, and CH4 rich gas flows back up below the cap rock

CO2 remains primarily in the gas phase (minor dissolution / mineralization)

Static reservoir pressure is increasing due to CO2 injection. The reservoir pressure increase is as

per the predictive model.


SUB-SURFACE FEEDBACK MONITORING: FOCUS ON THE PILOT PERIOD

20

There is no evidence of increasing or decreasing injectivity index

In line with geochemistry studies , no modification of reservoir matrix

INJECTIVITY INDEX JANUARY 2010 TO JULY 2012 FEEDBACK

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

janvier-10 mai-10 août-10 décembre-10 avril-11 août-11 décembre-11 avril-12

Pre

ssio

n @

4229

mN

M


MICROSEISMIC MONITORING

Integrity objective : very low micro-seismic

activity : only three events located at the vicinity of

the injection well by the surface equipment :

-1.1 < M < -0.3

Regarding micro-seismic events detected by the deep seismic array since April 2011 : -Localisation studies on going

-Sources to be defined (depletion, pyrénées, injection..NO baseline available) -Very good sensitivity : -3.1 < M < -1.4 Rousse

Spain

France

30km

No incidence on reservoir integrity (fully in agreement with geomechanical studies)


44 locations for Amphibians

Baseline: June and July 2009

33 locations for Insects


ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: FAUNA

No deviation from Baseline surveys in 2009




CONCLUSIONS

24

Objective 1 : The technical feasibility and reliability of an integrated onshore Carbon

Capture and Storage scheme for steam production at a reduced scale has been proved.

Objective 2 : Operational experience and data to up-scale the oxy-combustion

technology from pilot (30MWth) to industrial scale (200MWth) are acquired. For CO2

from combustion in O&G sector, current cost evaluations for capture units of industrial

size are still high.

Objective 3 : Reservoir and well performance are in line with the models. The

demonstration of the site integrity and absence of environmental impact is done.

Objective 4 : The monitoring program deployed at Rousse is very large and innovative.

New tools have been successfully tested. The “optimal” long term post-injection

monitoring plan economically and technically viable is being defined based on risk

analysis update. It will have to be validated by French Administration.

Positive public perception : “Transparency” in communication with local communities

is one of the key factor to reach the public acceptance. It remains a permanent

“concern” to be taken into account during the whole life of a CCS experimentation

CONCLUSIONS




THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

26


PERMITTING AND PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE

Project information also available on www.total.com/corporate-social-responsibility

Permit obtained in may 2009 for capture, transportation and storage A « Regulatory » pilot, 1st in Europe

Public dialogue – transparency policy

A dialogue « pilot », 1st in France Identification of Stakeholders (ONG, mayors…) Early public meetings in 2007 (4 public meetings) Follow up information committee (7 meetings) Information letter every quarter (17 letters) Dedicated Hot line

Scientific Advisory Committee since 2007

Scientific collaboration program with National

Institutes and Universities on Rousse storage Project endorsed by the Carbon Sequestration

Leadership Forum (CSLF)

27


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Importance of CCS in Greenhouse gas abatement

Source : IEA WEO 2011 Limiting CO2 to 450 ppm in atmosphere to limit temperature

increases to 1.5-2°C

28


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE TOTAL COMMITMENT

CCS technology is an innovative and potentially valuable solution for industrial activities GHG emissions reduction

Production and Refining 15%

Product end-use 85%

Deforestation 17%

Agriculture 14%

Other GHGs 12.5%

Coal 23%

5% Production Refining

Industry 7.5%

Building 8%

Transportation 13%

Oil and gas 33.5% World

* International Panel on Climate Change 2007 and IEA 2007/2008

Total is committed to reducing the impact of its activities on the environment, especially its greenhouse gas emissions, by

Improving the energy efficiency of its industrial facilities

Reducing flaring of associated gas

Investing in the development of complementary energy sources: biomass, solar, clean coal

Participating in operational and R&D programs on CO2 capture and storage (CCS)

50Gt Global GHG emissions by origin*

29

Total, a player in both R&D and operational projects in this technology for over more than fifteen years :

- Sleipner, aquifer storage, 1 Mt/y, started in 1996,

- Snøhvit, aquifer storage, 0.8 Mt/y started in 2008,

- Lacq, gas depleted reservoir storage, 1 injection well, up to 60000 t/y, Total operator

Total participates in more than 14 National or International R&D projects on CCS

CCS is one of the available solution to be developed / optimized in term of efficiency and economics.


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Addressing Green House Gases emissions reduction

Carbone Capture and Storage (CCS) is using an existing knowledge developped by the Oil and Gas industry and by natural gas underground storage activity

30


Site screening and conceptual studies

Basic engineering studies

Detailed engineering and procurement

Construction works

Injection well work over

Facilities running (capture)

Injection

Environemental & seismic base line surveys

Monitoring

Information to stakeholders

Public inquiry

Permitting process / regulatory agencies

Injection schedule

Reporting to regulatory agencies

20162012 2013 2014 201520112006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Start of injection End of injection

Official authorization05/2009

Official authorization for 18 month prolongation

11/2011

Post-injectionObservation period

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Project phasing

31


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Permitting and public acceptance

Project information also available on www.total.com/corporate-social-responsibility

Permit obtained in may 2009 for capture, transportation and storage A « Regulatory » pilot, 1st in Europe

Public dialogue – transparency policy

A dialogue « pilot », 1st in France Identification of Stakeholders (ONG, mayors…) Early public meetings in 2007 (4 public meetings) Follow up information committee (7 meetings) Information letter every quarter (17 letters) Dedicated Hot line

Scientific Advisory Committee since 2007

Scientific collaboration program with National

Institutes and Universities on Rousse storage Project endorsed by the Carbon Sequestration

Leadership Forum (CSLF)

32

4 Pressure and Temperature sensors

Objectives :

Calibrate of pressure loss models

Calibrate of reservoir models

Monitor of well injectivity

3 Micro-seismic sensors

Objectives

To assess the impact of the injection near the

wellbore

Top reservoir @ 4540m

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Rousse well specific completion


Microseismic equipment installed in 7 shallow

wells (TD: 200m/GL):

6 wells on a 2km radius circle around the injection well;

1 well on the injection site.

One seismometer for natural seismicity

Online information transmitted continously to a control center

In case of magnitude > 3, the injection is stopped

Events localized at +/- 250 m/magnitude - 1

Shallow well

Energy « 2 » : 27000 X « -1 »

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Surface microseismic sensors


Corridor de fracturation

20m

Affleurement du Mailh Arrouy Fragment de carotte de RSE-1

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Reservoir storage


There is no evidence of increasing or decreasing injectivity index

In line with geochemistry studies , no modification of reservoir matrix

INJECTIVITY INDEX JANUARY 2010 TO JULY 2012 FEEDBACK

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

janvier-10 mai-10 août-10 décembre-10 avril-11 août-11 décembre-11 avril-12

Pre

ssio

n @

4229

mN

M

Mes…


BOTTOM HOLE P MEASUREMENT Sub-surface Feedback monitoring

On the long term CO2 accumulates in low points of the reservoir, and CH4 rich gas flows back up

below the cap rock CO2 remains primarily in the gas phase (minor dissolution / mineralization)

Static reservoir pressure is increasing due to CO2 injection. The reservoir pressure increase is as

per the predictive model. (Eclipse 300 compositional modeling)


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Sub-surface Feedback monitoring

BHP Maxi case

BHP measurement

Data updated from May 2010 up to Dec 2010

Period of Mano single production

Period of comingled production Mano + Meillon. Important uncertainty on production allocation No attempt to match the pressure. Similar quality for 2 models.

BHP measurement

Static reservoir pressure is

increasing due to CO2 injection. The

reservoir pressure increase is as per

the predictive model. (Eclipse 300

compositional modeling)

Bottom hole P measurement


CO2 accumulates in low points of the reservoir, and CH4 rich gas flows back up

below the cap rock

Significant impact of the gravity dominated CO2 flow in Rousse 10000 years : around 60 % solid , 10 % dissolved in water, 30 % in gas phase.

CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Long term CO2 trapping


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE MICROSEISMIC MONITORING Feedback

Integrity objective : very low micro-seismic

activity : only three events located at the vicinity of

the injection well by the surface equipment :

-1.1 < M < -0.3

Regarding micro-seismic events detected by the deep seismic array since April 2011 : -Localisation studies on going

-Sources to be defined (depletion, pyrénées, injection..NO baseline available) -Very good sensitivity : -3.1 < M < -1.4 Rousse

Spain

France

30km

No incidence on reservoir integrity (fully in agreement with geomechanical studies)


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Environmental monitoring Soil gas, Water, Fauna & flora

Soil gas (35): CO2 and CH4 concentration and flux. C isotopy. Inert gas. Autumn and winter.

Perched aquifer ( 4 springs) : Chemical and mineral content, every 6 months.

Indicators: pH, conductivity, carbonates, bicarbonates.

Shallow and deep saline aquifers sampled at selected existing water wells (drinking water supply of Pau). Monitoring idem perched aquifer.

Surface water ( 5 small rivers): Standardized bio-indicators (diatoms and benthic macro invertebrates) and chemical and mineral content. Every 6 months.

Fauna and Flora: Annual inventory of:

• Flora of representative ecosystems (33 sites)

• Several amphibians and insects species (50 sites).

30km

RSE-1


1 km

City of PAU


44 locations for Amphibians


33 locations for Insects


CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Environmental monitoring: Fauna



TOTAL’S INVOLVEMENT IN OPERATIONAL AND RESEARCH PROJECTS ON CO2

ASAP ICO2N

CO2 ReMoVE

CO2 Store

ANR CO2 Geocarbone

Ademe – Total Air Liquide

IPGP – Schlumberger Total program

ReGaSeq (IFP) ANR CO2 2006-07-08 CRISCO2

SOCECO2

GazAnnexes ProchePuits

Sentinelle Carmex

AGI Alberta Basal

Cambrian CO2 Storage Consortium

Montmiral

Izaute & Lussagnet

Lacq CO2

Weyburn R&D phase 1

Sleipner Snøhvit

ENCAP

Lessons learned from operational projects

Studies of natural analogues and reinjection processes

R&D programs (solo or in partnership)

BigCO2

West Texas EOR

ASAP (Aquifer Project): identification and testing of geological structures to store CO2 in aquifers. ICO2N (Integrated CO2 Network): preparation of a CO2 transport and storage network in Alberta. AGIAlberta (Acid Gas Injection): lessons learned from operational projects involving acid gas injection in Alberta. Weyburn R&D (phase 1): an IEA-GHG research program combined with CO2 injection in the Weyburn field forEOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery).

West Texas EOR : lessons learned from injections into oil reservoirs to stimulate production by Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). ENCAP (Enhanced Capture of CO2): development of new capture techniques, namely precombustion and oxyfuel combustion. CO2ReMoVe : qualification, monitoring and safety of reservoirs destined for geological storage. BigCO2 : carbon capture at gas-fired power generating plants. ANR CO2 (French national research agency): research projects focusing on capture, transport and geological storage of

Lacq CO2: oxyfuel combustion pilot installation with capture, transport, injection and storage. ReGaSeq: program conducted jointly with IFP on the reinjection of H2S and CO2. Montmiral: study of the Montmiral natural deposit of CO2 in southeastern France. IPGP: program for geological storage of CO2 focusing on monitoring methods, the deep biosphere, basaltic rocks and training of research scientists. Ademe (French agency for environment and energy management): investigation of oxyfuel combustion technology with Air Liquide.

Snøhvit, Sleipner :Total is a partner in this project to inject CO2 into saline aquifers (with Statoil as operator). CO2Store: injection into saline aquifers. ANR CO2 Geocarbone: geological storage of CO2 in the Paris region. Izaute and Lussagnet: natural gas storage in aquifers operated by Total.

EOR CO2 pilot Rumaitha

CO2 CRC project


the storage dimension of the oxycombustion based

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