The Tang and Song The Tang and Song Dynasties of China Dynasties of China

China experienced a similar dark age as China experienced a similar dark age as Europe had experienced after the fall of Europe had experienced after the fall of RomeRome

This time is known as the This time is known as the Six DynastiesSix Dynasties China emerged from this dark period to China emerged from this dark period to

become one of the world’s leading become one of the world’s leading civilizations under the civilizations under the Tang DynastyTang Dynasty

Conquered Korea and Manchuria Conquered Korea and Manchuria

Tang Dynasty (618-907)Tang Dynasty (618-907) The “Golden Age” of ChinaThe “Golden Age” of China Used their military to suppress peasant Used their military to suppress peasant

uprisings and to reunited Chinauprisings and to reunited China Empire had around 50 million peopleEmpire had around 50 million people Expanded trade on the Expanded trade on the Silk RoadSilk Road with Persia, with Persia,

Arabia, Japan and the Byzantine Empire Arabia, Japan and the Byzantine Empire

Tang Dynasty (618-907)Tang Dynasty (618-907)

Reintroduced a civil service system to Reintroduced a civil service system to find candidates for government officefind candidates for government office People took test to determine what position People took test to determine what position

they could hold in public office they could hold in public office Government built roads and public works Government built roads and public works

projectsprojects

Song Dynasty 960-1279Song Dynasty 960-1279 The Song Dynasty arose The Song Dynasty arose

after the fall of the Tang after the fall of the Tang DynastyDynasty

It was smaller then the It was smaller then the Tang EmpireTang Empire

They expanded on the They expanded on the achievements of the achievements of the Tang DynastyTang Dynasty

Song Dynasty 960-1279Song Dynasty 960-1279

First people to use paper currency First people to use paper currency (money)(money)

Used coins made of copper and ironUsed coins made of copper and iron

Song Dynasty (960-1279)Song Dynasty (960-1279)

Eliminated forced laborEliminated forced labor Very large increase in farm Very large increase in farm

production which led to greater production which led to greater wealth for China and it’s peoplewealth for China and it’s people

Song Dynasty (960-1279)Song Dynasty (960-1279) Inventions in Science and Inventions in Science and

TechnologyTechnology The CompassThe Compass

Discovered that a magnetized Discovered that a magnetized needle floating in water will needle floating in water will always point northalways point north

Moveable type of printingMoveable type of printing Able to print at a faster rateAble to print at a faster rate

GunpowderGunpowder First to use gunpowder in First to use gunpowder in

combat combat

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire

Central AsiaCentral Asia Steppes- Treeless grasslands that Steppes- Treeless grasslands that

stretch from Eastern Europe to stretch from Eastern Europe to Northeast Asia Northeast Asia

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire Nomadic people (roamed the grasslands Nomadic people (roamed the grasslands

without a permanent home)without a permanent home) Developed excellent horsemanship and Developed excellent horsemanship and

fierce fighting skills (archery) fierce fighting skills (archery) Lived in yurts- domed tents that could be Lived in yurts- domed tents that could be

easily movedeasily moved

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire Like most nomads they were divided in Like most nomads they were divided in

several loosely organized tribesseveral loosely organized tribes Ghengis Khan united the tribes around Ghengis Khan united the tribes around

12061206 Khan began a career of conquest by Khan began a career of conquest by

attacking neighboring people beyond attacking neighboring people beyond Mongolia Mongolia

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire They faced very little resistance from outside They faced very little resistance from outside

forcesforces 200,000+ skilled Mongol horsemen200,000+ skilled Mongol horsemen They had sturdy stirrups, strong bamboo bows They had sturdy stirrups, strong bamboo bows

and giant catapultsand giant catapults Known for their fierce brutality, sometimes Known for their fierce brutality, sometimes

killing all defenders of a city if they refused to killing all defenders of a city if they refused to surrender surrender

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire Ghengis Khan was:Ghengis Khan was:

Tolerant of other religions within the territories he conqueredTolerant of other religions within the territories he conquered Promoted trade throughout the Mongol EmpirePromoted trade throughout the Mongol Empire Ordered the creation of a written Mongol languageOrdered the creation of a written Mongol language Leader of the largest empire the world had ever seen Leader of the largest empire the world had ever seen Stretched from the Black Sea in Europe to the Pacific Ocean Stretched from the Black Sea in Europe to the Pacific Ocean

The Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire Pax Mongolia: People could safely travel Pax Mongolia: People could safely travel

and trade from one end of the empire to and trade from one end of the empire to the otherthe other

The empire was so large it was divided The empire was so large it was divided into 4 separate kingdoms that were each into 4 separate kingdoms that were each ruled by Khanruled by Khan’’s descendantss descendants

The Mongol Empire: The Yuan The Mongol Empire: The Yuan Dynasty Dynasty

Kublai Khan: Genghis KhanKublai Khan: Genghis Khan’’s s grandsongrandson

Born a Mongolian but was fascinated Born a Mongolian but was fascinated with Chinese Culturewith Chinese Culture

Reunited Northern and Southern Reunited Northern and Southern China and encouraged Mongols to China and encouraged Mongols to adapt Chinese waysadapt Chinese ways

The Mongol Empire: Marco Polo The Mongol Empire: Marco Polo Merchant from VeniceMerchant from Venice Journeyed along the Silk Road and visited China in the Journeyed along the Silk Road and visited China in the

12701270’’ss He was astounded by Kublai Khan and the Mongol’s He was astounded by Kublai Khan and the Mongol’s

technological superiority over Europeans (used of gun technological superiority over Europeans (used of gun powder and burning coal for heat)powder and burning coal for heat)

The Mongol Empire: Influence on The Mongol Empire: Influence on RussiaRussia

1313thth century Mongol warriors century Mongol warriors conquered most of Russiaconquered most of Russia

Controlled it for nearly 200 yearsControlled it for nearly 200 years 1480: Ivan the Great declared Russia 1480: Ivan the Great declared Russia

independent from Mongol Rule independent from Mongol Rule

Mongol Empire: Notes Mongol Empire: Notes Central Asia saw the rise of nomadic peoples who Central Asia saw the rise of nomadic peoples who

excelled at horsemanship and fighting skillsexcelled at horsemanship and fighting skills During 1200, the Mongols of Central Asia established During 1200, the Mongols of Central Asia established

the worldthe world’’s largest empires largest empire Ghengis Khan united Mongols and attacked Ghengis Khan united Mongols and attacked

China: promoted tradeChina: promoted trade Kublai Khan: established the Yuan Dynasty in Kublai Khan: established the Yuan Dynasty in

China and visited with Marco PoloChina and visited with Marco Polo

JapanJapan

Very mountainousVery mountainous Protected by seas from foreign Protected by seas from foreign

influencesinfluences Early historyEarly history

Religion was importantReligion was important Believed in Gods and spirits called KamiBelieved in Gods and spirits called Kami Called Shinto ReligionCalled Shinto Religion

Emperors Emperors

Modeled after Tang Modeled after Tang Art Art Science Science Government Government Fashion Fashion

Feudal JapanFeudal Japan Emperor was at top of chainEmperor was at top of chain Shogun ControversyShogun Controversy

Shoguns- Served emperor; Japanese Shoguns- Served emperor; Japanese ruling classruling class

Struggle for power, Ashikaga claimed Struggle for power, Ashikaga claimed authority for Shogunsauthority for Shoguns

Daimyo – local warlord, ranked below Daimyo – local warlord, ranked below shogunshogun

Samurai – warrior class, served Samurai – warrior class, served daimyodaimyo

Peasants were lowest classPeasants were lowest class

KoreaKorea

Korea’s historyKorea’s history Bridge from eastern Asia to neighboring Bridge from eastern Asia to neighboring

island chainsisland chains Three kingdoms emerged in opposition to Three kingdoms emerged in opposition to

Chinese ruleChinese rule Korea was unified under the Silla DynastyKorea was unified under the Silla Dynasty

The growth of Korean cultureThe growth of Korean culture Reflected many elements of Chinese cultureReflected many elements of Chinese culture

Written language, Buddhism, civil service exams, Written language, Buddhism, civil service exams, dynastiesdynasties

Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, VietnamThailand, Vietnam

Vietnam influenced by China Vietnam influenced by China Mahayana BuddhismMahayana Buddhism

Other nations adopted both Chinese Other nations adopted both Chinese and Indian traditionsand Indian traditions Theraveda BuddhismTheraveda Buddhism Written languages - SanskritWritten languages - Sanskrit Architecture – Angkor Wat in CambodiaArchitecture – Angkor Wat in Cambodia