The Teapot Dome Field Experimental Facility:

CO2 Program Summary

Presentation for the Wyoming Pipeline Authority October 2006

Vicki StampCO2 Program Manager

Rocky Mtn Oilfield Testing Center

May 12, 2006: U. S. Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural

Resources: • “The Energy Policy Act of 2005 required the

Department of Energy to develop new technologies for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) though injection of carbon dioxide into marginal oil wells.  The Act also required the Department to study the potential for increasing oil recovery using carbon injection technologies…” 

Today’s presentation

• Overview of projects and current status • Focus areas in CO2 EOR and

geologic storage research & technology development• Priorities:

– benefits to industry/ partners – technology transfer / data sharing– contributions to domestic energy development—– Focus on Wyoming EOR

• Estimate possible future CO2 needs: – Budget-dependent

Teapot Dome Location

\A1;Flow Assurance Loop

011

024

020

029

032

023

026

033

005

028

021

027

022

004

023 024

034 035

008

025

021

013

003

036

009

017

002 001

012

016014

010

022020

015

025026029 027028

019

018

007

017

006

016

031

030

015

019

030

014 013018

019

030

031

006

007

018

018

019

030

106°15'0"W

106°15'0"W

43°1

5'0"

N

43°1

5'0"

N

NPR3 Basemap0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80.1

Miles

1:18,000Legend

NPR3.dwg Polyline

natronatwp

natronasect

Roads

Hillshade of teapot_dem

ValueHigh : 255

Low : 0

The field occupies roughly 10,000 acres, 35 miles north

of Casper WY.

McCutcheonENERGY COMPANY

Applied Earth Sciences

McCutcheonENERGY COMPANY

Applied Earth Sciences

An EOR / Carbon Storage Test SiteTeapot Dome (NPR-3): a field site for scientific and engineering testing, deployment, and technology transfer

Salt Creek Anticline

Teapot DomeTeapot Dome

CO2 Science Goals• NEEDS:

– relationship / synergy with EOR– site selection criteria, best practices– demonstration of storage safety and permanence

• Understand key features, effects, & processes– public safety, understanding and acceptance:

• needed for wider deployment of geologic storage– large-scale field tests to inform policy and regulations

• TEAPOT FOCUS:– EOR / storage relationship– site characterization and baseline assessment– leakage risk evaluation, prediction, and management

• behavior of fractures, faults • development of risk mitigation techniques and warning

systems– sensitivity and detection limits of monitoring tools,

recommended suites and practices– wellbore and cement integrity– formal integration and comparison of MMV outputs

U.S. Applicability of Teapot Results

Data: S.J. Friedmann, LLNL, 2005

Existing infrastructure and data600 active wells, 1300 wells total, drilling rig & field staff;

trucked CO2 for early experiments

Photo courtesy S. Cooper, Sandia NL

Anadarko / Salt Creek CO2 Pipeline

• Location of the pipeline• Proximity to NPR-3

Teapot Dome (NPR-3)

Distance from main line to central NPR-3 location ~15 mi or less.

Site characterization

• Regional geology• Reservoir geology• Reservoir histories

and screening• Soils, aquifers,

reservoir fluids• Petrology, petrophysics, geomechanics, seismic interp. (CSM, UW, TA&M, UH,

BYU, Stanford)

• CO2-specific baseline assessments

Teapot DomeKey components:

NPR-3 Reservoir Summary

9 Producing (oil-bearing) intervals

• Depths 500’-5500’ (Shannon to Tensleep)• Good range of oil/rock chemistry and petrophysics

Additional 5-6 water-bearing intervals

• Fresh and saline, 3000-8000’• Range of dep. environments, clastic (Ss) & carbonate• Crow Mtn. disposal zone• Madison underlies

Tensleep Reservoir • Screening for first target• Tensleep selected

– Well control / few penetrations, modern

– Small, viable EOR target – P = 2350 psi, 32 API– CO2-miscible conditions– Depth 5500’, 8-12% avg

porosity, 80 md, h = 50’– Risk assessment, caprock – Regional benefits– Research, MMV relevance

Proposed Section 10

project area:

S1 fault

Proposed Tensleep EOR / storagedemonstration

• 2/3 of Wyoming production comes from Tensleep or equivalent• Rangely CO2 EOR in the Weber (Tensleep equiv.)• Significant volumes in Colorado & Utah• Analogs throughout U.S.

& internationally

Compelling state and regional drivers to study EOR and storage in the Tensleep at Teapot Dome:

Tensleep fm, Alcova Canyon, WY

NPR-3 Gravity-Stable Miscible CO2 • Cost-effective testing of gravity-stable

operation in Tensleep fm– High relief structure– Significant fracturing, faulting– Active aquifer – Available wellbores for both operation

and monitoring• Fluid analyzed and test design simulated

– Lab fluid tests were used to generate equation of state inputs for reservoir simulation tuning

– Simulation completed at field scale and proposed test scale Tensleep Section 10 project area

•Results support proceeding with proposed injection

43-2X10

44-1-TPX-1044-1a-TPX-10

46-TPX-10

54 TPX 10

55-TPX-10

56-TPX-10

63-TPX-10

1,319,000 1,320,000 1,321,000 1,322,000 1,323,000

1,319,000 1,320,000 1,321,000 1,322,000 1,323,00015

,721

,000

15,7

22,0

0015

,723

,000

15,721,00015,722,000

15,723,000

0.00 510.00 1020.00 f eet

0.00 155.00 310.00 meters

File: TensRMOTCCMGBuilder007b.irfUser: Af lotech LPDate: 2005-08-27

Scale: 1:7984Y/X: 1.00:1Axis Units: f t

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

Pilot Injection TestGas Saturation - Fracture 1930-03-01 K layer: 1

43-2X10

44-1-TPX-1044-1a-TPX-10

46-TPX-10

54 TPX 10

55-TPX-10

56-TPX-10

63-TPX-10

1,319,000 1,320,000 1,321,000 1,322,000 1,323,000

1,319,000 1,320,000 1,321,000 1,322,000 1,323,000

15,7

21,0

0015

,722

,000

15,7

23,0

00

15,721,00015,722,000

15,723,000

0.00 510.00 1020.00 f eet

0.00 155.00 310.00 meters

Pilot Injection TestGas Saturation - Fracture 1930-02-01 K layer: 1

At 30 days CO2 injection 30 days after end of CO2 injection

30 Day CO2 Test Injection:Gas Saturation in Top Layer Fractures

Best ResponseInjection

Proposed Section 10 EOR / Storage Project: Key Points

• Modest EOR target• Small capital outlay required• Seamless transition to storage-optimized • Template with broad applicability• Public domain results• Expansion / long-term operation possible if

successful • Other zones possible:

• Ex: 2nd Wall Creek

Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage Test

• Crow Mountain Ss (4500’)• 3 existing Class II disposal wells, Section 10• Co-locate with Tensleep EOR project• Water analysis, permeability, caprock• Several surrounding wells available for monitoring • Focus:

– MMV tool sensitivity and detection limits, comparison, integration of results

– Predict and quantify multiple storage mechanisms

Joint Industry Project (JIP)

• Industry suggestion • Under development:

– Notice posted on LLNL website– Finalizing package for potential partners

• Funding independent of DOE and Federal budgets• Industry-driven:

– to better meet industry’s research needs and timetable– increase program flexibility and scope– support for additional projects– bring business to Wyoming– could affect CO2 needs

ConclusionsCharacterization results have showcased the strengths of Teapot Dome as a project site for focused research on CO2 EOR, monitoring and storage.

Earliest projects proposed will focus on:• EOR / oil field storage

Suite of projects under consideration includes:• EOR project expansion• Saline aquifer storage • Tests for monitoring (MMV) tool development, sensitivity, comparison and integration• Long-term testing related to storage safety and

wellbore integrity

Conclusions

• Can grow / stimulate CO2 EOR and CO2 storage research in Wyoming: – increasing Wy and domestic production– growing national and global efforts aimed at reduction of CO2

emissions

• Domestic and international partners– benefits to Wyoming business and the public

• Environmentally sound • Possible to use at least ~3-10 MCF/D for EOR• Could permanently store >10 MCF/D (600 tons per day)

in multiple deep zones from industrial sources

• Need for secure, long-term CO2 supply

For more information:

• Teapot Dome CO2 Program:

Vicki Stamp

CO2 Program Manager

vicki.stamp@rmotc.doe.gov

307.233.4833

• U.S. DOE, CO2 EOR:

www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/oilgas/eor

• U.S. DOE, NETL Carbon Sequestration

Program:www.netl.doe.gov