the texas cooperative extension lower gulf coast sorghum...

A Final Report to the Seed IndustryConcerning

The Texas Cooperative ExtensionLower Gulf Coast Sorghum Hybrid Performance

Test

SubmittedAugust 25, 2005

Dr. Steve LivingstonProfessor and Extension Agronomist

Texas Cooperative ExtensionCorpus Christi, Texas

This report is provided through the use of Sorghum PROFIT and Cropping Systems Funding

as allocated to the South Texas Cropping Systems teamfor FY 2001-2005

SOUTH TEXAS CROPPING SYSTEMS TEAM

Steve Livingston Roy ParkerCharles Stichler Larry FalconerJohn Matocha Tom GerikDanny Fromme Jeff StapperMark McFarland Frank Hons

Technicians

Rudy AlanizMike Hiller

Clint Livingston

Table of ContentsTexas sorghum production at a glance 1

South Texas sorghum production, by participating county 2

Overview of the 2005 growing season 3

2005 Lower Gulf Coast Standard Regional Sorghum HybridPerformance Tests, Texas Cooperative Extension, District 10, 11 and 12 Cooperating. 8

Participating seed companies, hybrids entered, and locationcooperators 9

Bee County performance test, Arturo Gaitan Farm 10

Jim Wells County performance test, Jerry Nock Farm 11

Karnes County performance test, Terry Tam Farm 12

Kleberg County performance test, David Schubert Farm 13

Nueces County performance test, Ordner Farms 14

Texas A&M Research and Extension Center performancetest, TAM-CC Meaney Farm Annex 15

Refugio County performance test, Lenhart Brother Farm 16

Refugio County performance test, Venture Farms 17

San Patricio County performance test, Pinkston Farm 18

San Patricio County performance test, Schneider-Porter Farm 19

San Patricio County performance test, TAES Hunt Farm test 20

Wilson County performance test, Raymond and Larry Wiatrek Farm 21

1

2,050,000 acres ofsorghum harvested inTexas in 2004

Statewideaverage yield in 2004was 3,472 lbs/A

Focus of thisreport

2

South Texas Sorghum ProductionLower Gulf Coast – 2004

Valley = 282,800 Acres

Lower Gulf Coast = 406,081 Acres

Lower Gulf Coast ProductionDewitt 1,200Wilson 11,400Karnes 2,900Goliad 1,200Bee 16,400Refugio 29,800San Patricio 84,400Nueces 164,300Jim Wells 48,400Kleberg 43,303Live Oak 2,778Total 406,081

3

Overview of the 2005 Growing SeasonOne of the questions raised when looking at the 2005 sorghum yields by location, is how theLenhart test and Schneider-Porter site could have yields in the 7000-8000 lbs/A range (with theLenhart test receiving only 5.29 inches during the growing season), while the Ordner andPinkston tests barely averaged in the 3900-4300 lbs/A range with 12.31 and 8.39 inches,respectively. The key issue is “when” during the growing season, was the rainfall received. The Pinkston site was underwater two times before planting and a third time when the corn wasabout a foot tall. Because of wet conditions early in the planting season, entire corn fields didnot form the deep root- system that would be needed later, in pulling moisture from the soilprofile.

The time of “peak demand” for water usage by sorghum plants is during the boot and bloomstage of growth. At this time as much as 2.5 - 3 inches can be needed per week. This was alsothe time that there was no rainfall, on the Pinkston, Ordner and TAM-Meaney Annex sites. Those fields made their sorghum crop from moisture stored in the soil profile. The Venture testreceived only 0.13 inches of rainfall during the entire growing season following planting. Thehighest yielding hybrid in the Venture test yielded 6142 lbs/A, and the test average was 5,328lbs/A. Having adequate (but not excessive) water early-season is better than too much waterearly-season. When truly needed, each inch of rainfall can contribute as much as 500-700 lbs/Ain yield when received at boot and early bloom.

A week on either side of February 20th is the peak planting period for sorghum on the extremeLower Gulf Coast. In a three-year study when rainfall was abundant (2004), sorghum lost 38lbs/A yield for every day-of-delay in planting, after February 20th. But because of thedistribution of favorable rainfall in eastern Refugio County (Lenhart), plantings made in lateMarch and early April did quite well. The Lenhart Brothers “farm-average” for the 2005growing season was approximately 6,600 lbs/A sorghum. Here, the highest yielding sorghumhybrid was MSC 531 with 8727.3 lbs/A, and the test average for 20 sorghum hybrids was7,726.6 lbs/A.

Sorghum will wait for rain. If it has the plant structure and leaf area, rainfall received at “bootand bloom” growth stages will help to recover much of the sorghum’s lost yield potential. Whenrainfall is received at boot and bloom, the fuller (later) season sorghums will generally out-yieldthe medium and early-maturity sorghums. When all of the rainfall is received early, or none isreceived after planting, the earliest maturity sorghum hybrids may prevail with the highestyields. For these reasons, a hybrid may look very good or simply run with-the-pack, depending on howthe growing season unfolds and the rains fall. In understanding our South Texas rainfallpatterns, there is “an increase” of one-inch of rainfall received for every 10-miles we move in aneasternly direction. The Lower Gulf Coast Standard Performance Test is “laid-out” so as tofocus geographically on this rainfall belt; however, eastern San Patricio County (Taft) andRefugio County (Austwell/Tivoli) climate could fit just as easily with the rainfall patterns of theUpper Gulf Coast due to their eastern proximity. These counties were not surgically divided(zoned), into two different regional test to comply with rainfall patterns. These counties were

4

Figure 5. Season-long (daily) water-use by grain sorghumfrom seedling emergence through maturity and subsequentdrying of the grain.

left intact in order to keep each country from having to draw two separate sets of planting seed (Upper and Lower Gulf Coast).Seed company representatives are limited to a single hybrid entry for the standard sorghum hybrid performance tests. They mustdecide on the maturity group and hybrid strengths, based on what they think the weather and growing season is going to be. In aperfect growing year, a thoroughbred high-yielding sorghum will prevail. In a dry year, a drought-cutter (workhorse) sorghum withgood “post- flowering drought tolerance” and stay-green will “stand” better and produce more grain. The purpose of including asecond hybrid (an “add-on” sorghum hybrid), is to “cover both bases” by entering a shorter- and somewhat fuller-season sorghumhybrid to compensate for both kinds of weather during the pre- and post flowering growth stages of sorghum.

A regional sorghum hybrid performance test is useful in looking at trends in sorghum yields, and also it ensures that one test was not“a fluke” or was not representative of a sorghum hybrid’s performance. If the individual county test was conducted well and under“normal growing conditions”, the individual county test may be a better decision tool than the regional hybrid performance test,because the soil type and depth, rainfall, and performance data fit that specific growing region better than an average.

The impact of Figure 1, is that sorghum uses only 1.2 inches of water during the first 24 days of seedling growth. It uses an additional4.7 inches during the rapid growth stages. Sorghum could use up to 6.5 inches of water during the 10 days the sorghum was booting. Usage during the 10 days of bloom, could require an additional 3.0 inches. Six additional inches might be consumed during grain-fill,for a total of 21.4 inches. Some of this will be drawn from the soil profile and some will come from rainfall received during thegrowing season. It is very important for sorghum to have the water it needs, at the proper time of development.

5

Figure 3. Effects of planting date on grain sorghum yields in agrowing season with adequate rainfall from planting to fullmaturity, Texas A&M Meaney Farm Annex, Corpus Christi(2004, Livingston)

If grain sorghum received no additional rainfall following planting on “peak planting dates” (figure 2), sorghum yields will diminishat the rate of 68 lbs/A/day-of-delay, for plantings made between 21 March and into April as long as planting moisture is available. Head exertion and plant height is reduced, seed size and test weight declines, and charcoal rot increases with these conditions.

If adequate soil moisture and rainfall is available season-long (figure 3), sorghum yields will decline at a rate of 35+ lbs/A/day-of-planting-delay. This is primarily due to increasing night time temperatures and more energy being required to support plantrespiration.

Figure 6. Effect of planting date on sorghum grain yields in a yearwhen less than one inch of rainfall was received season-long, TexasA&M Meaney Farm Annex, Corpus Christi, TX (2002, Livingston).

6

Figure 5. Sorghum seed size as observed as a result of rainfallreceived at boot and bloom growth stages in a dry productionyear, Texas A&M Meaney Farm Annex, Corpus Christi, Texas(2003, Livingston)

Figure 4. Sorghum yields as effected by planting date in agrowing season where adequate rainfall was received during theboot and bloom growth stage, Texas A&M Meaney Farm Annex,Corpus Christi, Texas (2003, Livingston).

When soil moisture is declining due to lack of rainfall, and rainfall is received at the boot and bloom growth stages (figure 4),sorghum was losing 51 lbs/A/day-of-planting delay from 2/21 to 3/11. Seed size was declining and head exertion was be shortening. When 3.5 inches of rainfall was received from June 5-15, planting dates conducted 3/19 through 4/4 were affected through increasedseed size and test weights (figure 5) and yield increases as high as 738 lbs/A per inch of rainfall received, for the 4/4 planting date.

7

Seed company representatives are limited to a single hybrid entry for the standard sorghumhybrid performance tests. They must decide on the maturity group and hybrid strengths, basedon what they think the weather, water and growing season is going to be. In a perfect growingyear, a thoroughbred high-yielding sorghum will prevail. In a dry year, a drought-cutter(workhorse) sorghum with good “post- flowering drought tolerance” and stay-green will “stand”better and produce more grain. The purpose of including a second hybrid (an “add-on” sorghumhybrid), is to “cover both bases” by entering a shorter- and somewhat fuller-season sorghumhybrid to compensate for both kinds of weather during the pre- and post flowering growth stagesof sorghum.

A regional sorghum hybrid performance test is useful in looking at trends in sorghum yields, andalso it ensures that one test was not “a fluke” or was not representative of a sorghum hybrid’sperformance. If the individual county test was conducted well and under “normal growingconditions”, the individual county test may be a better decision tool than the regional hybridperformance test, because the soil type and depth, rainfall, and performance data fit that specificgrowing region better than an average.

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2005 Lower Gulf Coast Standard Regional Sorghum Hybrid Performance TestsTexas Cooperative Extension, Districts 10, 11 & 12 Cooperating

Texas A&M Research & Extension Center, 10345 Agnes, Corpus Christi, Texas 78406Hybrids Bee Jim WellsA KarnesA Kleberg NuecesA Nueces Refugio Refugio San PatA San PatA San Pat Wilson

Gaitan Nock Tam Schubert Ordner TAM-CC Lenhart Venture Pinkston Schn-Port Hunt Wiatrek Average

A 571 4916 3032 5645 2704 3950 4077 7574 4767 4516 7361 5189 5589 494384G62 5368 3121 5052 972 4123 3601 7779 6142 4706 7449 5035 5798 4929NC+ 8R18 4486 2704 5270 1877 3894 4201 8510 4782 4798 7914 5151 5389 4915BH 3822 4523 2750 4991 564 4262 3893 7757 6112 4220 7422 5198 5257 4746DKS 37-07 4388 3342 3648 1445 4540 3509 7626 5936 4308 7267 5082 5667 4730W-851-DR 4756 2623 4650 -- 3940 3351 7696 5929 4262 7211 4981 5141 46795401 4009 2904 4400 2031 4200 3986 7645 5042 4445 7140 4881 5246 4661GA 3552 4252 3019 4577 1998 4249 3448 7368 5212 4116 6922 4833 5086 4590NK 6641 -- -- 5078 -- 3725 3638 -- -- 3795 6543 4259 5392 4541XP 503 4399 2657 4991 -- 3871 3469 7281 5122 4192 6724 4715 5202 4519TRX 44631 3974 2455 4704 1260 4029 3443 7277 5379 3902 6569 4019 5111 4344Average 4507 2861 4819 1606 4071 3692 7651 5442 4296 7138 4849 5353 4691

(1) All data adjusted to 14% moisture. All locations were machine harvested strip tests except TAM-CC and San Patricio (Hunt), which were replicated in arandomized complete block design. TAM-CC and Kleberg (Schubert) were hand-harvested.(2) -- denotes lost data or unplanted hybrid. To avoid unfair weighting by location, the mean location average has been used in summarizing regional yields ofindividual hybrids. Locations with an "A" denotes accuracy testing.(3) No standard plots were planted in Brooks, Fayette, Goliad, Gonzales, Lavaca, and Live Oak Counties, due to low row crop acreages or use of local testingarrangements. McNair sorghum test (Nueces County) lost due to drought.(4) Data compiled by Steve Livingston, Agronomy Specialist, in cooperation with County Extension Agents in Coastal Bend Extension Districts 10, 11, and 12,Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 10345 Agnes, Corpus Christi, TX 78406-1412, Ph-361/265-9203.(5) It generally requires 350-500 lbs/ac change in yield for one hybrid to be statistically different from another.(6) Late arrivals of seed/mis-communications affected presence of some entries in this test. Some seed entries arrived too late to be planted in the majority oflocations. See individual county tests for add-on hybrids. Croplan 514, TR 465 and NK 8831 were removed from the test due to being present at less than 50%of locations.

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2005 Lower Gulf Coast Standard Regional Sorghum Hybrid Performance Tests

Texas Cooperative Extension, Districts 10, 11 & 12 Cooperating

Texas A&M Research & Extension Center10345 Agnes, Corpus Christi, TX 78406

PARTICIPATING SEED COMPANIES AND HYBRIDS ENTERED IN 2005:

Asgrow Seed Co: A 571B-H Genetics: BH 3822Boomerang: XP 503DeKalb: DKS 37-07Garst Seed Co: 5401Golden Acres: GA 3552NC+ Hybrid Co: NC+ 8R18Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l: 84G62Sorghum Partners: NK 6641Triumph: TRX 44631Warner: W-851-DR

LOCATION COOPERATORS

COUNTY TOWN AGENT PRODUCER

Bee Beeville Donnie Montemayor Aurturo GaitianJim Wells Alice Rogelio Mercado Nock FarmsKarnes Karnes City Dennis Hale Terry TamKleberg Kingsville John Ford David SchubertNueces Robstown Harvey Buehring Ordner Farms

TAMU-CCRefugio Refugio Mike Mauldin Lenhart Brothers

Venture FarmsSan Patricio Sinton Jeff Stapper Pinkston Farm

Schneider-Porter FarmTAES - Hunt

Wilson Floresville Charles Pfluger Raymond & Larry Wiatrek

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Table 1. Grain yields and performance factors for12 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Arturo Gaitan Farm, Bee County, Texas, 2005

Company Hybrid Population Moisture BW Yield1

(1000 plt/A) (%) lbs/bu lbs/A

Pioneer 84G62 Missing 17.2 59 5368Asgrow A 571 “ 14.8 56 4916Warner W-851-DR “ 18.2 59 4756B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 15.2 61 4523Sorghum Partners NK 7633 “ 15.6 59 4502NC+ 8R18 “ 19.0 58 4486Boomerang XP503 “ 15.7 60 4399DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 15.9 59 4388Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 13.7 59 4252Garst 5401 “ 15.4 60 4009Pioneer 8313 (mix) “ 15.9 58 3985Triumph TRX 44631 “ 15.1 58 3974Average 16.0 59 4463

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture.

Planting date: 26 March 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 100 lb/A 24-8-0-2

Side-dressed 100 lb/A N32 on 10 May 2005Herbicide: NonePlanting rate: 7 lbs/ASoil type: Loamy clayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 2.85 inchesHarvest date: 10 July 2005

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Table 2. Grain yields and performance factors for 10 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Jerry Nock Farm, Jim Wells County, Texas, 2005.



DeKalb DKS 37-07 Missing 12.2 57.0 3342Pioneer 84G62 “ 13.7 55.0 3121Asgrow A 571 “ 13.7 55.0 3032Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 13.4 55.0 3019Garst 5401 “ 12.6 55.0 2904B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 13.3 56.0 2750NC+ 8R18 “ 13.3 56.0 2704Boomerang XP 503 “ 13.0 55.0 2657Warner W-851-DR “ 13.3 57.0 2623Triumph TRX 44631 “ 13.1 55.0 2455

Average 13.2 55.6 2861

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. These yields are alsoadjusted using accuracy testing to compensate for field variations.

Planting date: 25 March 2005Row width: 32 inchesFertilizer: 200 lb/A 24-10-0Herbicide: 1 qt/A atrazinePlanting rate: 4 lb/ASoil type: Sandy loamPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 1.85 inchesHarvest date: 7 July 2005

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Table 3. Grain yields and performance factors for 11 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Terry Tam Farm, Karnes County, Texas, 2005.



Asgrow A571 Missing 11.9 57 5645NC+ 8R18 “ 12.3 59 5270Sorghum Partners NK 6641 “ 12.1 60 5078Pioneer 84G62 “ 11.7 59 5052B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 12.1 60 4991Boomerang XP 503 “ 12.1 59 4991Triumph TRX 44631 “ 11.7 56 4704Warner W-851-DR “ 11.9 59 4650Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 11.7 59 4577Garst 5401 “ 11.7 61 4400DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 11.9 60 3648Average 11.9 59 4819

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. These yields are alsoadjusted using accuracy testing to compensate for field variation.

Planting date: 13 March 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 350 lbs/A 24-6-2 + 2 ZnHerbicide: 1.5 qt/A Guardsman (preplant)Planting rate: 7 lb/ASoil type: Sandy loamPrevious crop: CornRainfall: Adequate until June 1Harvest date: 11 July 2005

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Table 4. Grain yields and performance factors for 13 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, David Schubert Farm, Kleberg County, Texas, 2005.

Company Hybrid Population(1000 plt/A)

Moisture(%)

BWlbs/bu

Yield1

lbs/A

Asgrow A 571 Missing 13.7 55.5 2703.9Seed Resource SR 506 “ 13.3 55.0 2536.9Garst 5401 “ 12.7 56.5 2030.7Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 12.8 50.5 1998.3NC+ 8R18 “ 14.0 56.0 1877.2Sorghum Partners NK 7633 “ 13.0 56.0 1753.2Seed Resources SR 424 “ 12.5 54.0 1750.1Seed Resources SR 510 “ 12.6 56.5 1586.1DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 13.2 57.0 1444.8Seed Resources SR 420 “ 12.3 54.5 1401.1Triumph TRX 44631 “ 14.4 52.0 1260.2Pioneer 84G62 “ 12.4 52.0 972.4B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 12.5 47.0 564.1Average 13.0 54.0 1683.0

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture.

Planting date: 17 March 2005Row width: 36 inchesFertilizer: 200 lb/A 25-5-0-3Herbicide: NonePlanting rate: 7 lbs/ASoil type: SandyPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: TraceHarvest date: 6 July 2005

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Table 5. Grain yields and performance factors for 17 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Ordner Farms, Nueces County, Texas, 2005.



DeKalb DKS 37-07 Missing 14.5 58 4540Boomerang BB 99547 “ 13.8 58 4485B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 13.8 58 4262Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 13.5 58 4249Garst 5401 “ 13.6 60 4200Pioneer 84G62 “ 13.8 58 4123Triumph TRX 44631 “ 13.6 57 4029Croplan 514 “ 13.6 59 3987Asgrow A 571 “ 13.7 58 3950Warner W-851-DR “ 14.2 59 3940Pioneer 8313 “ 13.8 58 3908NC+ 8R18 “ 15.7 58 3894Boomerang XP 503 “ 13.9 59 3871Sorghum Partners NK 6641 “ 14.3 57 3725Boomerang BB 555 “ 14.1 59 3706Triumph TR 465 “ 14.0 60 3565Sorghum Partners NK 8831 “ 13.1 60 3377Average 13.9 59 3989


Planting date: 17 February 2005Row width: 30 inchesFertilizer: 335 lbs/A 25-5-0Herbicide: 0.75 lb/A atrazinePlanting rate: 68,000 plt/ASoil type: Victoria clayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 8.39Harvest date: 27 June 2005

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Table 6. Grain yields and performance factors for 14 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Texas A&M Research & Extension Center Meaney Farm Annex, Nueces County,Texas, 2005.

Company Hybrid Population(1000 plt/A)

Moisture(%)

BWlbs/bu

Yield1

lbs/A

NC+ 8R18 63.8 13.2 58.3 4201.0Croplan 514 67.8 13.2 57.9 4147.8Asgrow A 571 72.0 13.3 56.6 4077.4Garst 5401 69.3 13.7 59.0 3985.8B-H Genetics BH 3822 79.5 13.3 55.9 3892.5Sorghum Partners NK 6641DM 85.0 13.5 54.9 3637.9Pioneer 84G62 76.0 13.2 57.8 3600.7Triumph TR 465 89.5 13.6 58.0 3609.2DeKalb DKS 37-07 79.8 13.3 56.4 3508.5Boomerang XP 503 76.3 13.3 58.3 3469.3Golden Acres GA 3552 62.8 13.2 54.9 3448.1Triumph TRX 44631 64.3 13.3 56.8 3442.5Warner W-851-DR 75.0 12.9 56.3 3350.7Sorghum Partners NK 8831 80.5 12.7 57.0 3262.7Average 74.4 13.3 57.0 3948.0

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. Test was replicated4X in a RCB design.

Planting date: 11 March 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 100 lb N/AHerbicide: 1 qt/A DualMagnumPlanting rate: 7 lbs/ASoil type: Orelia silty-clay/loamPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 6.5 inchesHarvest date: 6 July 2005

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Table 7. Grain yields and performance factors for 20 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Lenhart Brothers Farm, Refugio County, Texas, 2005.



DeKalb MSC 531 Missing 17.3 58 8727.3NC+ 8R18 “ 17.4 60 8510.4DeKalb DKS 54-00 “ 17.0 59 8117.0Asgrow A 567 “ 17.3 61 8115.5Pioneer 83G15 “ 17.5 61 7953.2DeKalb DK 52 “ 17.0 59 7941.6Pioneer 84G62 “ 17.5 61 7778.9B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 17.1 60 7756.9Warner W-851-DR “ 17.2 60 7695.8Garst 5401 “ 16.5 62 7644.5DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 16.9 61 7625.9Asgrow A 571 “ 17.1 60 7573.7DeKalb MSC 332 “ 17.1 59 7529.9DeKalb MTC 15525 “ 16.9 62 7496.2Croplan 514 “ 16.0 61 7480.5Asgrow A 570 “ 15.8 61 7381.0Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 16.9 60 7368.4Boomerang XP 503 “ 16.9 61 7280.6Triumph TR 465 “ 16.7 60 7278.1Triumph TRX 44631 “ 16.9 59 7276.6Average 17.0 60 7726.6

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. Accuracy testing notused.

Planting date: 29 March 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 120-40-20 Sulphur 20Herbicide: Bicep 3 qt/APlanting rate: 63,000 plt/ASoil type: Lake Charles clayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 5.29 inchesHarvest date: 13 July 2005

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Table 8. Grain yields and performance factors for 12 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Venture Farms, Refugio County, Texas, 2005.


(1000 plt/A) (%) lbs/A lbs/A

Pioneer 84G62 Missing 15.5 57 6,142B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 15.5 56 6,112DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 15.3 58 5,936Warner W-851-DR “ 15.4 56 5,929Triumph TRX 44631 “ 15.5 55 5,379Triumph TR 465 “ 15.6 57 5,300Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 15.6 56 5,212Boomerang XP 503 “ 15.4 58 5,122Garst 5401 “ 15.5 58 5,042NC+ 8R18 “ 16.2 56 4,782Asgrow A 571 “ 15.7 54 4,767Croplan 514 “ 15.7 57 4,211Average 15.6 57 5,328

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. These yields are alsoadjusted using accuracy testing to compensate for field variation.

Planting date: 5 April 2005Row width: 40 inchesFertilizer: 100 lbs 92-0-0Herbicide: 1.5 lbs atrazinePlanting rate: 75,000 plt/ASoil type: Victoria clayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 0.13 inchesHarvest date: 18 July 2005

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Table 9. Grain yields and performance factors for 14 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Pinkston Farm, San Patricio County, Texas, 2005.



NC+ 8R18 43 15.9 58 4,798Pioneer 84G62 43 14.7 57 4,706Pioneer 85G85 58 13.9 56 4,608NC+ 8R83 49 14.6 55 4,581Asgrow A 571 51 14.4 56 4,516Garst 5401 50 14.6 58 4,445DeKalb DKS 37-07 45 15.3 56 4,308Warner W-851-DR 41 14.0 56 4,262B-H Genetics BH 3822 44 14.7 57 4,220Boomerang XP 503 52 14.2 56 4,192Golden Acres GA 3552 49 15.2 55 4,116Triumph TRX 44631 46 14.0 56 3,902Sorghum Partners NK 6641 43 15.3 55 3,795Sorghum Partners NK 8831 45 15.1 56 3,773Average 47 14.7 56 4,302


Planting date: 21 February 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 365 lbs/A 24-8-0Herbicide: 0.75 lbs/A atrazine + 0.3 oz/A PeakPlanting rate: 60,000 plt/ASoil type: Victoria clayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall: 12.31 inchesHarvest date: 25 June 2005

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Table 10. Grain yields and performance factors for 15 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Schneider-Porter Farm, San Patricio County, Texas, 2005.



DeKalb DKS 54-00 68 13.5 61 8,072NC+ 8R18 60 13.8 61 7,914Asgrow A 587 66 13.8 59 7,592Pioneer 84G62 58 13.8 61 7,449B-H Genetics BH 3822 52 13.4 60 7,422Asgrow A 571 66 12.8 60 7,361DeKalb DKS 53-11 60 14.2 62 7,287DeKalb DKS 37-07 50 13.5 61 7,267Warner W-851-DR 40 12.9 60 7,211Garst 5401 66 13.2 61 7,140Golden Acres GA 3552 62 13.2 61 6,922Boomerang XP 503 66 13.5 61 6,724Triumph TRX 44631 58 13.1 59 6,569Sorghum Partners NK 8831 72 13.7 60 6,562Sorghum Partners NK 6641 58 13.7 60 6,543Average 61 13.5 60 7,202

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre, adjusted to 14% moisture. These yields are alsoadjusted using accuracy testing to compensate for field variations.

Planting date: 19 March 2005Row width: 30 inchesFertilizer: 451 lbs/A 21-13-0 on 12/04

35 lbs N/A 4/21 and 30 lbs N/A 5/14 (irrigation)Herbicide: 0.5 lb/A atrazine w/fertilizer

8 oz/A Outlook @ planting + 25 oz/A glyphosatePlanting rate: 75,000 plt/ASoil type: Victoria ClayPrevious crop: CottonRainfall + Irrig: 4.63 + 4.95 = 9.57Harvest date: 9 July 2005

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Table 11. Grain yields and performance factors for 12 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Allen Hunt Farm, San Patricio County, Texas, 2005.

Company Hybrid Population Moisture BW Yield1,2


Pioneer 84G62 70 18.2 58.8 5,035B-H Genetics BH 3822 64 17.3 58.7 5,198Golden Acres GA 3552 78 16.8 58.8 4,833Sorghum Partners NK 6641 74 16.9 58.6 4,259NC + 8R18 64 20.2 59.0 5,151DeKalb DKS 37-07 64 16.6 59.9 5,082Boomerang XP 503 75 16.9 60.0 4,715Garst 5401 80 16.2 60.1 4,881Asgrow A 571 80 16.9 57.9 5,189Triumph TRX 44631 84 15.5 59.0 4,019Warner W-851-DR 68 17.2 58.4 4,981Sorghum Partners NK 8831 108 16.4 59.2 3,886

Average 76 17.1 59.0 4,769

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture. These yields are alsoreplicated to compensate for field variations.

2 Thanks is extended to Dennis Pietsch and his research team, for including TCE sorghum hybridsin the 2005 Gregory Grain Sorghum Performance Test, Allan Hunt Farm, Gregory, TX.

Planting date: 3/14Row width: 30-inchFertilizer: -Herbicide: -Planting rate: 80KSoil type: Victoria clayPrevious crop: Grain SorghumRainfall: 2.68 inchesHarvest date: -

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Table 12. Grain yields and performance factors for 10 sorghum hybrids, Texas CooperativeExtension, Raymond and Larry Wiatrek Farm, Wilson County, Texas, 2005.



Pioneer 84G62 Missing 13.2 60.5 5798DeKalb DKS 37-07 “ 12.4 63.0 5667Asgrow A 571 “ 12.4 60.5 5589Sorghum Partners NK 6641 “ 13.1 61.0 5392NC+ 8R18 “ 13.3 61.0 5389B-H Genetics BH 3822 “ 12.5 61.5 5257Garst 5401 “ 12.2 61.5 5246Boomerang XP 503 “ 12.5 62.0 5202Warner W-851-DR “ 13.3 60.5 5141Triumph TRX 44631 “ 11.7 60.0 5111Golden Acres GA 3552 “ 12.1 61.5 5086Average 12.6 61.2 5353

1 Yield per acre is reported in pounds per acre adjusted to14% moisture. Accuracy testing wasnot used.

Planting date: 23 March 2005Row width: 38 inchesFertilizer: 130 lbs/A 29-0-0-3 + Zn pre-plant

70 lbs/A 9-24-2 + trace mix @ planting110 lb/A 29-0-0-2 + Zn SD

Herbicide: 0.4 lb/A atrazine 90DF + 1pt/A Intrro/A banded at plantingPlanting rate: 62,000 seeds/ASoil type: LoamPrevious crop: SorghumRainfall: 3.0 inchesHarvest date: 12 July 2005

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Adler SeedsDoug Nesbitt6085 W. 550 NSharpsville, IN 46068(800) 536-2676Fax: (765) [email protected]

B-H GeneticsBart L. Hajovsky5933 FM 1157Ganado, TX 77962(361) 771-2755Mobile: (361) 771-5522Fax: (361) [email protected]

Boomerang SeedsGeoffrey Thomas3670 CR 207Liberty Hill, TX 78642(512) 778-5316Fax: (512) 515-7644

Croplan GeneticsChuck Malottt13418 Hollow RunSan Antonio, TX 78231(210) 4087121Mobile: (210) [email protected]

Croplan Genetics (Agriliance) LGCJoe Douglass86 Musket DrVictoria, TX 77905Taft528-2528Mobile: 649-1495Fax: [email protected]

Croplan Genetics (Agriliance) LGCJerry Kostroun IIIPO Box 476Taft, TX 78390(361) 528-2528Mobile: (361) 438-0028

Croplan Genetics (Agriliance) UGCMike Brown1611 BuchmannWichita Falls, TX 76309(940) 781-6019

Dyna-Gro (UAP)Brodsgaard JakePO Box 1618El Campo, TX 77437(979) 543-1766Mobile: (979) 332-1769Fax: (979) [email protected]

Garst Seed Co.Victor Eder2292 Oliver Rd.Victoria, TX 77904(361) 576-5410Mobile: (361) 550-1826Fax: (361) [email protected]

Golden Acres GeneticsBrian MarkwardtPO Box 20787Waco, TX 76702-0787(254) 761-9838Fax: (254) [email protected]

Golden Acres Genetics LGCChris Cernosek905 E Trant RdKingsville, TX 78363(361) 595-7033Mobile: (361) 877-0893

Golden Acres Genetics UGC

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Randy RixPO Box 130Skidmore, TX 78389(361) 287-0089Mobile: (361) 816-3831Fax: 361) 287-3389

Monsanto (Asgrow/Dekalb) LGCTommy Bertling408 Vista CoveVictoria, TX 77904(361) 572-3435Mobile: (361) 935-0234Fax: (361) [email protected]

Monsanto (Asgrow/Dekalb) UGCScott Taylor2327 Hollyfield Ln.Katy, TX 77493(281) 347-9049Mobile: (281) 799-1792Fax: (281) [email protected]

Monsanto (Asgrow/Dekalb) UGCBruce Poindexter8218 Candle Green Ct.Houston, TX 77071(713) 779-6743

NC+ Hybrids (Pogue Agr. Partners )Keith WaltersPO Box 4408Lincoln, NE 68504-0408(830) 583-3456Mobile: (830) 583-5161Fax: (830) [email protected]

Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'lBracken Finney1900 OaklawnTaylor, TX 76574(512) 365-5927Mobile: (512) 517-5456Fax: (512) [email protected]

Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l LGCRusty Walker14901 Red RiverCorpus Christi, TX 78410(361) 813-4041Mobile: (361) [email protected]

Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l UGCGary Dickenson5211 Seawillow RdLockhart, TX 78644(512) 398-7378Mobile: (512) 376-8186Fax: (512) [email protected]

Pogue Agr. Partners (NC+ Hybrids)Ronnie Morris321 Southsore RdBastrop, TX 78602(512) 321-1239Mobile: (512) [email protected]

Sorghum PartnersDavid ThomasPO Box 189New Deal, TX 79350(806) 746-5566

Syngenta CornBill RobbinsPO Box 577Joshua, TX 76058(817) 295-4437

Triumph Seed Co.

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Cheb KruegerPO Box 716Sinton, TX 78387(361) 364-5986Mobile: (361) 563-0371Fax: (361) [email protected]

Triumph Seed Co.Ben BentonPO Box 1050Ralls, TX 79357(800) 530-4789Mobile: (806) 253-2584Fax: (806) [email protected]

Warner Seeds Inc.Steve KernsPO Box 1877Hereford, TX 79045Fax: (806) [email protected]

the texas cooperative extension lower gulf coast sorghum...

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