The three observers

Foreign envoys to Germany,1930By Abbasi Dawood

British,French,English

• World war 2

• Knowledge & Experience

• Emerging Germany

• Conception based on country’s interest

Horace RumboldGerman-Polish frontier

1925, Poland excluded all German imports

Danger to German foreign policy

Talk with Curtius referring “absurb”

Ostpolitik (Germany & Eastern Europe)

• Polish frontier dominated in German thinking on foreign policy

Germany’s armaments• Rearm, hostility to Poland

• Reports of illegal activity

• Never argued on treaty violation

• Left wing opposition would keep rearmament in reasonable limits

• Mixture of wariness & violence of German nationalism

• Hoping for essential moderation of existing Gov.

German-Austrain Customs union

• Revive trade• British & french government• Western power hostile reaction to union• Threatening anschluss & discriminatory trade

agreement• Representing own government opposition • Influnenced member of german cabinet

Willian E Dodd• Not to trust the Nazis, things getting worse ahead

• Influence & democratic past

• Isolation from official life

• Meeting decent people

• Failed to achieve to his aim “presenting American position to German”

Richmond times dispatch

• Support of Roosevelt’s proposal

• Letters to several US senators

Andre francois poncet• Brilliant record at Ecolve Normale Superieure

• Professor in lycee de Monpellier

• Sent to Switzerland & Washington

• Public defender of steel industry

• Presented Paris (7e) in chamber of deputies

• Cleverest parliamentary speaker

• Start steel industry with Germany

• Hostile behaviour towards Nazis

• Not supporter of German-Austrain custom union

• Czech evacuation =Met hitler

• Better Paris-Berlin relationship

• Pact assured by Hitler

How three observers see Nazi

Germany?• Rambold = tolerant & warning london to stand by

for trouble

• Dodd = nervous, self-conscious “America must be prepared

• Francois Poncet = ambitious, mid-career

Less bound to history as the above too

Realistic optimism to change to current condition

• Hoping Nazis will evovle in acceptable manner