The Social issue of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)

C-3-37 Yuta Nakamura

M-3-39 Yuu Matsuda

National Institute of Technology, Tsuyama College

March 1, 2016

First, some notes:

1. We will give our presentation in English. But we want you to understand! So we will give some translations.

(英語で発表をしますが理解して欲しいので難しい文は翻訳をしておきます。)

2. Also, we will ask you some questions! So please listen carefully.

Our presentation

• Secondary Research（先行研究）• What is TPP?

• About tariffs (関税について)

• About Copyright (著作権について)

•Primary Research • Students survey

• Professor interview

Secondary Research

What is the TPP?

• TPP is a free-trade agreement between Japan, the USA and 10 other trading partners bordering the Pacific Ocean.

• The TPP is between Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States of America, Mexico, Peru, and Chile.

Asia Oceania North America

South America

Brunei Australia Canada Peru

Malaysia New Zealand The USA Chile

Singapore Mexico

Vietnam

Japan

• The countries involved produce 40% of the world‘s total GDP of $107.5 trillion and comprise about 800 million of its consumers.

(参加国は世界の総GDP107.5兆ドルのうち40%を占めている。また、約8億人の消費者がいる)

• The TPP removes tariffs on goods and services. But it covers a broad range of goods and services, including financial services telecommunications, copyright and even food safety standards.

(TPPは関税撤廃だけではなく様々な項目がある)Services

Financial (金融)

Telecommunications (電気通信)

Copyright (著作権)

food safety standards (食品安全基準)

・On October 4, 2015, negotiations between the countries were successfully concluded.

(2015年10月4日TPPは参加国間で大筋合意した。)

About tariffs (関税について)

• Before the TPP, tariffs were imposed on imported goods. This included agricultural products, dairy products, clothing and leather goods.

(乳製品、農業製品、衣類、革製品の輸入には関税がかけられている)

• The TPP removes tariffs. On Industrial products tariffs are removed 100%.

(工業製品関税は約100%撤廃される)

For example, Video cameras, chemical fibers (化学繊維), air conditioners and more.

• Tariffs on Agricultural products are reduced about 81 %.

(農業製品は約81%)

Elimination of tariffs – advantages (関税撤廃の利点)

• Imported goods become cheaper. This is good for customer’s purses.

(輸入製品は安く消費者によい)

• Companies can simplify import formalities, and therefore lower costs.

(輸入業者は諸経費が削減できる)

• Increases GDP.

Disadvantages (欠点)

• Increases cheaper foreign products. So Japanese companies need price competition.(安い海外製品が増加し、日本企業は価格競争をする必要がある)

• Japanese agricultural products are defended by tariffs. If tariffs are removed, farmers get damaged.(日本の農業製品は関税に守られている。その関税を撤廃することで農家は損害を受ける)

When will tariffs be removed ?

• Grapes, clothing are removed immediately (即時).• Tea, margarine, cherry are removed after six years.

• Oranges and wine are removed after eight years.

• Cheese is removed after 16 years.• Beef tariff is decreased, from 38.5% to 6%.

• Rice holds the line on tariffs. (¥341/kg) (米の関税は維持されます)

About Copyright

• TPP covers not only tariffs but also copyright. For example, music, novels, comics, movies and more.

• Copyright are changed by the TPP in Japan.

• The TPP extended the copyright protection period. From 50 years to 70 years. (著作権保護期間が死後50年から70年へ)

• Copyright violations are changed from Complaints to non-complaints.

(親告罪から非親告罪へ)

• But if you don‘t infringe on copyright intentionally, you don’t receive a complaint. (故意に著作権を侵害しないかぎり、逮捕されない)

• Copyright infringement is a consideration. For secondary fiction and non-commercial scale items. To future writer. (二次創作と商業的でないものは考慮される)

Primary Research

Primary Research

• We questioned 48 students from C-3 class, 40 men and 8 women.

• Their ages are 17-18.

• We asked 5 easy questions.

• Questions (students)

Do you know the TPP?

1. Yes, I do.

2. Don’t understand well （よく分からない).

3. No, I don’t.

Yes41%

Don’t understand

45%

No14%

Do you know the TPP?

Yes Not understand No

• Question

Do you know content of excepting tariff of TPP?（TPPの関税以外の内容について知っていますか？）

1. Yes, I do.

2. Don’t understand well.

3. No, I don’t.

Yes13%

Don’t understand

48%

No39%

Do you know content of excepting tariff of TPP?

Yes Not understand No

• Question

Do you welcome the maintaining tariff on rice?(米の関税は維持されますが、それについては歓迎しますか？）

1. Yes, I do.

2. Tolerably. (まあまあ)

3. Not really. (あんまり)

4. No, I don’t.

Yes20%

Tolerably46%

Not really20%

Not really14%

Do you welcome the maintaining tariff on rice?

Yes Tolerably Not really Not really

• Question

Do you think our lives will be improved by the TPP?（TPPによって生活は良くなると思いますか？）

1. Yes, I do.

2. Don’t understand well.

3. No, I don’t.

Yes4%

No understand80%

No 16%

Do you think life our lives will be improved by the TPP?

Yes No understand No

• Question

What do you think about participating in the TPP?（あなたはTPPに参加することをどう思うか？）

1. Agree. 2. Disagree.

Agree52%

Disagreee48%

What do you think about participating in the TPP?

Agree Dis agreee

Interview with a professor

• Agree.

The reason（理由）

We think about things on global scale. So, we cannot think only for Japan.

（私たちは世界規模で物事を考えなければいけない。また、日本だけでは、考えることができない。）

• Disagree.

The reason（理由）

Merits are more than demerits.

So, multinational companies will be profitable. But domestic firms will not be profitable.

（メリットよりデメリットのほうが多い。また、多国籍企業は儲かるが、国内企業はそうでもない。）

1. What do you think about the TPP? 2. Why do you think it?

3. Do you welcome the maintaining the tariff on rice?（米の関税は維持されますが、それについて歓迎しますか？ ）

• Yes. Some tarriff is Ok.

（一部は許す。）

• No.

Tariff will be lost anyway.

（関税はなくなるだろう）

4. What do you think about agricultural products?(農作物にかかる関税が低くなりましたが、日本の農業はどうなると思いますか？)

• Need to keep up Japan agriculture. (日本の農業を維持していく必要がある)

• A little change. (あまりかわらない)

4. The TPP will influence the Japanese economy. What do you think about that?(TPPが日本に与える影響についてどう思いますか？)

• The economy will collapse. (崩壊する)

• Good influence will become larger. (良い影響が大きくなる)

• It isn’t revitalization. On a long-term basis the Japanese market will become part of the USA market, because the USA requests Japan to relax regulations.

(活性化しない。アメリカの規制緩和要求によって日本市場はアメリカ市場の一部になる)

Conclusion

・Some strengths of our research: We did good secondary research, and did some primary research.

・Some weaknesses of our research: We need more secondary research, more primary research and good question preparation for primary research.

・Overall, we think a lot of students don’t know about the TPP and news.

So let’s read newspapers or news sites!