the true cost of remediation - esaa · impacts of in situ remediation • some techniques just...
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The True Cost of RemediationThe True Cost of Remediation
Gary Millard, Shell Canada Products
RemTech 2009, Banff, AB
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IntroductionIntroduction• Remediation costs money – most of us are
very familiar with the dollar value of remediation projects. But…
• There are many hidden or external costs and effects.
• The decision to undertake active remediation should take these into account.
• Are our efforts sustainable?
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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
• Benefits of Active Remediation– Who benefits?
• Impacts of Active Remediation– Who pays the costs?
• What are the alternatives?– Quantifying costs– Sustainable Remediation
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Benefits of Active RemediationBenefits of Active Remediation
• Local improvement in environmental conditions
• Certainty of environmental risk• Regulatory closure• Public image of completing active
remediation• General improvement of environment?
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Impacts of In Situ RemediationImpacts of In Situ Remediation
• Surface disruption during installation
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Impacts of In Situ RemediationImpacts of In Situ Remediation
• Disruption of natural soil conditions
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Impacts of In Situ RemediationImpacts of In Situ Remediation
• Some techniques just result in shifting the contamination to a different medium.
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Impacts of In Situ RemediationImpacts of In Situ Remediation
• Power consumption – electrical and natural gas, propane, etc.
• Consumption and disposal of other resources: oxidizer chemicals, de-scaler, granular activated carbon, hydrovac wastes from cleaning– This is a particular concern for toxic
materials.
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• Surface and community disruption
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• Fuel consumption and associated GHG emissions
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• Additional loading of roadways with soil hauling• Traffic safety due to additional driving hours
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• Loading of landfills
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• Obtaining clean fill
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• New construction over backfill can be challenging
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Impacts of ExcavationImpacts of Excavation
• And at the end of the day, excavation only moves the problem, it still doesn’t eliminate it.
• The waste generator still retains liability (hopefully well-managed by the landfill).
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Understanding the CostsUnderstanding the Costs
• Quantification of the costs/impacts/risks is important.
• Some tools exist to help with this:– Fuel consumption and travel hours from
contractors– Purchase (and subsequent disposal or use) of
materials– Scale tickets for soil to landfill
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Understanding the CostsUnderstanding the Costs
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions:– Environment Canada/EPA GHG
Equivalencies Calculator– International Road Federation GHG
calculator
– Numerous other online tools
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Understanding the CostsUnderstanding the Costs
• Even if you quantify a parameter, the units are usually different.
• Value decisions are required– What is the cost of disrupting a neighbour, or
avoiding 80 hours of highway travel?• Other conceptual guidance is available:
– Cumulative Effects Assessment– SuRF UK– EPA Green Remediation document
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SustainabilitySustainability• Protects the environment• Encourages a vibrant economy• Supports high quality of life
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Sustainable RemediationSustainable Remediation
• Sustainable Remediation Forum (SURF) http://www.sustainableremediation.org/– Sustainable Remediation: a remedy or combination
of remedies whose net benefit on human health and the environment is maximized through the judicious use of limited resources
• EPA Green Remediation: “The practice of considering all environmental effects of remedy implementation and incorporating options to maximize net environmental benefit of cleanup actions.” From “Green Remediation: Incorporating Sustainable Environmental Practices into Remediation of Contaminated Sites.” EPA 2008
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Can you improve things?Can you improve things?
• Two main concepts:– Reduction (or Elimination) & Efficiency
• Reduction/Elimination – risk assessment or risk management– no remediation = no impact due to remediation
• Efficiency – Can you complete the same tasks with less resources?
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ReductionReduction
• Site-specific criteria (risk assessment) can reduce the amount of remediation required while still protecting receptors.
• Risk management can reduce the intensity of your work, taking advantage of natural attenuation or less stringent interim receptor sensitivity.
• Some remediation systems reduce effluent (AS/SVE, bioaeration, etc.) or the need for toxic materials.
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ReductionReduction
(believe it or not, this is a reduction in volume as compared to the generic criteria!)
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EfficiencyEfficiency
• Properly designed systems for your needs • Maintenance to keep systems operating at
peak performance• Onsite treatment of excavated soils
eliminates hauling, disposal & acquiring clean backfill
• Soil recycling facilities turns soil into a resource
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EfficiencyEfficiency
PhytoremediationPhytoremediation
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Decision TimeDecision Time
• Every situation has to be considered on its own.
• More tools are becoming available.• More companies are providing formal
guidance on sustainable development.• Stakeholders are becoming more aware of
risk-based options, and impacts external to the project.
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Decision TimeDecision Time
• This combination of events is making it easier (and, in fact, necessary) to assess and communicate the costs and benefits of various options for dealing with contaminated sites.
• We are at a point where we should be able to show that our actions result in the greatest benefit to the environment.
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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
• O’Connor Associates Environmental Inc.• Sequoia Environmental Remediation • Wardrop Engineering Inc.• Hazco• Quantum Murray
Thank youThank you