Procedia Engineering 15 (2011) 4890 – 4894

1877-7058 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.911

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ProcediaEngineering

Procedia Engineering 00 (2011) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Advanced in Control Engineeringand Information Science

The "Ubiquitous Subject-Ubiquitous Connection-System"Analysis Framework for the Innovation Environment in the

Context of Ubiquitous Network

Yu Zhiweia, Zhou Guohongb, a*a,bNingbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China

Abstract

Innovation is not only the soul of a nation’s process, but an inexhaustible motive force of a nation’s prosperity. New requirements are made under the context of ubiquitous network. According to the characteristics of the ubiquitous network, the "ubiquitous subject-ubiquitous connection-system" analysis framework for the innovation environment in the context of ubiquitous network is made and the suggestions of the cultivation of innovation environment in the context of ubiquitous network are given.

© 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of [CEIS 2011]

Keywords：Ubiquitous Network; Innovation Environment; Ubiquitous Subject; Ubiquitous Connection; System; Framework;

1. Introduction

Innovation has become the strongest voice nowadays. In 1995 at the National Science and Technology Conference Comrade Jiang Zemin pointed out: “Innovation is not only the soul of a nation’s process, but an inexhaustible motive force of a nation’s prosperity.” During Comrade Hu Jintao’s whole speech at the 50th Anniversary of the Chinese Association for Science, the word of innovation has been mentioned 78 times. He emphasized that the atmosphere of everybody focusing on, supporting and participating

* Corresponding author. Tel.: (86)574 8822 9135 E-mail address: nityzw@gmail.com

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innovation should be created and the enthusiasm and vigor of innovation should be stimulated. It is a time when the new has been replacing the old and the competition is fierce. No innovation means death. Innovation is the driving force and the foundation of success.

Innovation requires the environment, innovation needs atmosphere. The seventeenth Congress report stressed that innovation environment should be further encouraged to create so the creative wisdom of the whole society could be stimulated and innovative talents could appear in great numbers. To establish an innovation atmosphere is of great urgency. In a way, innovation environment is more important than innovation investment [1].

With the width and depth of the internet application, ubiquitous network increasingly becomes a reality and Ubiquitous Network Society (UNS) has gradually come into being. In this context, it is practical to research on the characteristics of the innovation environment and suggestions on the cultivation of innovation environment.

2. Literature Review

The term of “innovation” is first coined by Joseph Schumpeter in the book Theory of Economic Development. Given the relative ambiguity of the concept of innovation, Wu Xiaobo and other people [3] studied the classification of innovation. For innovative research, the current mainly focuses on technological innovation, management innovation, and system innovation and so on.

Research on innovation environment is one of the focuses of innovation research for the international academy in the 1990s. The theory of innovation environment has been put forward by the scholars of the European Study Group (GREMI) during the research course of the high-tech industry zone. Camagni [4] defined the innovation environment "in a specific area, a series of informal or major complex network of social relations, often decides a specific external image and a specific internal representation and sense of belonging. Through collective learning process, the local innovation capacity is to be enhanced. "

Aydalot[5] described the innovation environment as the regional system of innovation, rules and practice system which led to innovation, which coordinated the various actors in the regional composition of the input-output network. And the U.S. economy sociologist Granovetter's embeddedness thinking is similar. These scholars emphasize innovation network of innovation is rooted in a particular environment. Maillat[6] thought that innovation environment referred to technology, culture, skills, labor market and other non-material social and cultural factors outside the enterprise. Storper and other scholars believed that the environment was the system to promote innovation and regional innovation systems, rules and practices. It stressed that the producers (enterprises), researchers, politicians, and other enterprises formed complex Network relationships to promote innovation[7]. Although the definitions and interpretation of innovation environment are different, but they bear the following basic features: (1) regional innovation environment; (2) systematic innovation environment; (3) the complexity of the innovation environment; (4) To support the dynamic nature of the innovation process.

3. The Characteristics of the Ubiquitous Network

Information and communication technology enables society gradually into the "any time, any place, any person, any thing” to enter the online world of ubiquitous network society[8,9]. The concept of "Ubiquitous" can be traced back to the 70s of last century [10], but until the 90s of last century, the United States Mark Weiser put forward the concept systematically[11]. The United Nations in December 2003 in Geneva Summit global society (WSIS), provided an international discussion opportunity of the "ubiquitous network” for the first time. "Ubiquitous network" stepped on the world stage formally and began affect information technology strategic orientation of the world[11].

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In the U-society, to achieve the 4As(Anyone, Anytime, Anywhere, Anything), is to enables anyone and anyone, anyone and anything(any object) to communicate and contact at any time and any place. Anyonemainly refers to the popularity of PC, breaking all the boundaries of anyone owning information terminal; Anytime can refer to all high-speed connection to the PC Internet, to break the boundaries of Internet connectivity; Anywhere is the realization of Internet, mobile/wireless connection, breaking the boundaries of space/geography environment; Anything refers to all objects that implement the network connection. Anyone, anytime, anywhere can communicate by network which is not only a prerequisite and key of UNS [2], but also the basic characteristics of the ubiquitous network.

4. The "Ubiquitous Subject-Ubiquitous Connection-System" Analysis Framework

In the context of the network, the content of innovation environment is equivalent to cyberspace. On the one hand, innovative activities depend on the innovation environment as the background. On the other hand, it promotes the formation and improvement of innovation environment. Therefore, the innovation environment may be understood as the network spatial structure which is constituted by the three factors, namely, the innovation subject, the relationship among the subjects and the system condition affecting the subject and collection. 4A of the ubiquitous network gives the new demands of the subject-connection-system in the context of innovation environment. Next, the author makes the analysis of the ubiquitous subject-ubiquitous collection-system in the context of innovation environment.

4.1. The ubiquitous-subject of innovation environment in the context of ubiquitous network

Innovation subject is a specific individual or organization conducting innovative activities. In the ubiquitous network, anyone is a creator without constraints of time and space. Therefore, innovative subject is ubiquitous-subject, anyone and any organization can make contributions to innovation. They are anywhere. It breaks through the Storper’s idea that the innovation subject area within producers, researchers and politicians. • The network foundation of ubiquitous-subject

According to CNNIC[12], China’s netizens and the mobile phone users respectively had been reached 457 million by the end of December 2010. Netizens especially the mobile user netizens are anywhere and the widespread and application provided the foundation for netizens’ communication with each other anytime and anywhere, and participation in innovation. Netizens anywhere capture and spread information and communicate with each other about the new ideas so that network innovation appears one after another. • The knowledge base and capacity of ubiquitous-subject

According to CNNIC's latest report [12], our users, from the academic structure, the high school and higher education accounted for 58.9%; from the age structure, the age below 50 accounted for 94.2%; from occupational structure, students, government agencies workers in public institutions, general employees and managers and professional and technical personnel in enterprises or companies accounted for 66.6% of the total number of Internet users; from urban and rural structure, 72.7% of Internet users from the town. Users of modern education and literacy are higher mainly the young group, They know how to surf on the net, and are able to do the input of text and symbols, and have universal access to multi-cultural influence, which meets the network requirements of the particular communication environment and provides the capacity assurance for innovation in the context of the ubiquitous network.

4.2. The ubiquitous-connection of innovation environment in the context of ubiquitous network

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Camagni[4] and Storper[7] and others understood the connection in the context of innovation environment system as the complex network relationship. The idea is particularly prominent. On the one hand, the self-organizing feature of the ubiquitous-subject makes the contact everywhere. On the other hand, the anonymity provides a good soil for the ubiquitous-collection in the context of innovation environment. • The self-organization of ubiquitous-subject makes the collection among the innovative subjects break

through boundary. Network appears before people as a leisure media, which requires a relaxed and casual way to tease

and create humor, show off the speakers’ wisdom and creativity, show maverick and personality, and create unique identity to meet the needs of different roles. The entertainment media makes the netizens find the common interest through the network media and organize online community by themselves so as to break through the area boundary and be anywhere. • The virtual nature of the ubiquitous-subject provides the soil for the ubiquitous-collection

The identities in network communication are both virtual. Innovation subjects can anonymously participate in various open-ended interactions. They do not have constraints and limitations and can get rid of the constraint of everyday language so the content and form of vocabulary and expression are eclectic. Because of virtual nature, the two communication sides do not know what the other is doing. People achieve the information transmission by keyboard percussion. This easy-free environment makes the innovation subjects carry out the ubiquitous-collection at ease.

4.3. The system of innovation environment in the context of ubiquitous network

Creating innovation environment and atmosphere is the important mission for achieving universal innovation and new nation. The reasonable arrangement can inspire innovation at a great scale. • Creating a broad participation innovation sense based on ubiquitous network

Lack of innovation firstly owes to backward idea and weak awareness. Through the ubiquitous network platform, innovation awareness and cases can be disseminated, people’s innovation idea can be changed, and the innovation sense can be reinforced. The ideas of “where is a place, there is creation”, “when is time, there is creation”, “everybody is creator, I should create”, “I can create”, and “without creation, the work will lag behind” and other important concepts should be encouraged. Develop people’s innovation character, inspire people’s initiative and independence, and attract wide participation in the innovation activities. Through ubiquitous network, the innovative techniques can be disseminated so that people can master the innovative thinking and improve the ability of innovation. • Creating a free exchange innovation environment based on ubiquitous network

Lack of confidence and courage is the enemy of innovation. In real life, people are ashamed to share their ideas, fear of the criticism from others and failure. Through the leisure ubiquitous network communication platform, people are encouraged to communicate boldly and freely and innovating ideas and getting rid of the psychological barriers, establishing the people’s innovation confidence, do ing innovation from small issues and cultivate consciousness and initiative so as to create a free atmosphere for people’s free exchange. • Creating timely sharing and dissemination innovation environment on the basis of ubiquitous network

Exchange creates wisdom. Mind collision provokes sparks. After the exchange of an apple to another apple, there is still one apple. However, after the exchange an idea, more ideas can be provoked. Through the combination between virtual excitation and actual motivation, the recognition and inclusion can be given to the ubiquitous subject in the both virtual and real world. People are encouraged to share and disseminate intelligence and achievement of individuals in time. Therefore, people can put forward a

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sound view to other idea and also accept advice from others to improve their own and generate new ideas in the exchange process.

In the Information society, knowledge updates very quickly. The innovation knowledge demand is increasing and requirements of people’s widespread participation sense, free communication, timely share and dissemination are higher and higher. With the laptop's wireless Internet access and the gradual development of 3G service, people can participate exchanging and practicing at any time and place. The development of ubiquitous network will be of great help to create innovation environment and build an innovative country.

Acknowledgements

This project were supported by Zhejiang Provincial Education Science Planning Project of China(Creating an Innovative Environment for University students in the Context of Ubiquitous Network: the Perspective of the Generation of New Words Prevailing on the Internet, #SCG449) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(#Y6110693) and Education Reform Project of Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University(#NITJY-201029)

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