the un mission in south sudan - international society for ... des orateurs... · south sudan total...
TRANSCRIPT
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The UN mission in South
Sudan
Legal aspects
LtCol Bart Haverman
LA FHQ UNMISS
CONTENTS
Short introduction South Sudan & UNMISS
Mandate
POC
Rules of Engagement
SOFA issues
Questions/discussion
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South Sudan
Total surface 645.000km2 (= France)
Furtile (2 harvests a year)
98% of the budget from oil reserves
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South Sudan
4
550 km
460 km
750 km
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South Sudan
Politics
SPLM-SPLA driven
SPLM 90% ownership of cabinet and legislation
25 smaller political parties, almost no influence
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South Sudan
Limited democratic tradition
Weak media & civil institutions
Corruption
Violations of human rights
Growing difference between rich and poor
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South Sudan
Presidential amnesty
Some groups reacted
Reintegration ongoing
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Cattle raids
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Ethnic groups like Dinka, Nuer and Murle
Contradictions often caused by cattle raiding and retribution attacks (vicious circle). Civilian population is always involved
Refugees/returnees
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Subconclusion
This new country obviously needs support
from the outside world
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UNMISS
Organisation & mandate
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UNMISS Special Representative of the
Secretary General
Hilde Johnson (Norway)
SRSG
Deputy SRSG (Political)
UN Police
Director Mission Support
Chief of Staff
10 x State Offices
Force Commander
Deputy SRSG (RC/HC)
Note: most subordinate
organizations not depicted
Organisation
Legal Advisory
New York/ Legal Affairs
UNMISS HoM: personal staff/legal advise
Legal Advisory Unit (LAU)
Legal Advise SPLA/Police
Force Legal Advisor
Civilian legal influence on the Force
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Mandate
2011 shift UNMIS >> UNMISS
UNSCR 1996 2057 (ext), 2109 (ext. +PoC), 2132 (Force levels)
Support local government
Under Chapter 7
Protection of civilians (also:UNSCR 2109)
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UNMISS
Military mission
The UNMISS military component, acting
under Chapter VII of the Charter of the
United Nations is to support and assist the
creation of a safe and secure environment
that will facilitate the implementation of
UNMISS’ mandate in order to create the
conditions for the stabilization of South
Sudan and eventual drawdown of the
mission.
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Protection of Civilians
Special emphasis on PoC
Challenges:
- What is PoC and what is not?
- Limited current intell/info
- Deployment of Troops
- Sustainment of troops
- Cattle raids: who to support?
- “Within capabilities”
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Rainy season
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Rules of Engagement
Background: NATO ROE (self defence)
Civilian involvement in ROE?
Support authorities: impartiallity?
No limits on level of authority
Designation and force posture:
- basic understanding of ROE
- additional guidelines necessary
Limited knowledge of ROE within the Force
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SOFA issues
Standard UN SOFA
Freedom of movement (FoM)
Supplies and border issues
Taxes, dues and tolls
Shooting ranges vs. “Country-MOU’s”
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Conclusion
Can we achieve progress?
Not the military: intell, support, req. qualities
Use the mandate: New York and UNMISS
leadership
Corruption and oil revenues: infra structure
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