The United States

The United STates and CanadaThey occupy the North American continent. This region has fertile plains, rugged mountains, and large metropolitan areas.

They share a common border and similar climates, including temperate and arctic regions.

Chapter 1: The United States

Section 1:Chapter Atlas

The U.S. Vocabulary● Temperate: moderate ● Migration: the process of moving from one area to another ● Metropolitan areas: a single city or several cities close

together● Population density: the number of people who live in one

area

Section 1 Learning TargetI can identify and describe the U.S. using criteria related to landform, climate, population, culture and economies.

Key Ideas ● The United States is a large country with a variety of

physical features. ● Natural resources have played a large role in the

economic growth of the United States. ● The physical features of the United States affect where

people have settled, although today, many Americans have moved from the country to the city.

Physical Features ● The United States is located in the northern hemisphere.● The “Lower 48” states do not include Hawaii and Alaska. ● The continental U.S. has a vast central plain for crops. ● The east contains the Appalachian Mountains and the

atlantic Ocean. ● The west contains the Rocky Mountains and Pacific coast. ● Rivers run through many areas.

Climate and Resources● Cool winters and warm summers make most of the U.S.

temperate. ● Northern states have cooler climates. ● Southern states have warmer climates. ● The most common natural disaster in the U.S. is flooding. ● Natural resources such as water, wood, and metals support

businesses such as farming, fishing, and building. ● Energy (oil, coal, and gas)in the U.S. has helped the

economy grow.

Migration and settlement ● Nearness to natural resources often caused towns and

cities to grow. ● Goods were transported on railroads and rivers. ● Many people from all over the world migrated to the

United States ● Today, immigrants are settling in American cities, or

metropolitan areas.

● Population density is higher in cities than in rural

areas.

Environmental Impact ● The growth and expansion of the U.S. has had a negative

impact on our environment. ○ Burning coal= air pollution○ Dumping waste = water pollution → dying fish population

● Citizen groups and governments are minimizing the impact our large population has on the environment. ○ Produce energy with fewer natural resources

History of the United STates

United States and Canada Vocabulary ● Dissenters: people whose beliefs differed from the

official religion in their country.● Plantations: very large farms● Cash Crop: crops grown for sale to sell to other colonies

or countries. ● Manifest Destiny: the idea that the country should expand

across the continent

Please complete workbook p. 60.

You may use your textbook

Learning Target

I can describe the diversity in Native American cultures and the impact of European settlement on them.

Key Ideas ● Native American culture varied widely according to the

resources available in the various regions. ● The arrival of European settlers and enslaved Africans in

North America resulted in cooperation and conflict between peoples.

● Immigration, from the mid 1800s to today, has played a key role in the country’s development.

Early History of the United States● European explorers arrived in North America

in the 1400’s. ● Native Americans’ lives changed when large

numbers of Europeans, and European diseases, came into their lands.

● Native American societies varied depending on the natural resources available to them.

Native american groups Groups of the East and Midwest

- Grew crops and fished in the Atlantic Ocean

- Hunted buffalo- Used horses to follow

herds of buffalo

Groups of the West

- Lived in small, scattered groups

- Grew corn and lived in stone villages

- Lived off resources of

Pacific ocean

First European Settlements ● 1500s- European countries began establishing colonies in

North America. ● Dissenters also settled colonies. ● The first English settlement was Jamestown, Virginia in

1607. ● Massachusetts Plymouth Colony in 1620● All 13 colonies settled by 1733.

English colonies● Northern- rocky soil and cold climate, good fishing and

trade● Middle- rich soils and large river systems. ● Southern- Warmer climate to support agriculture on

plantations.

○ Plantations grew cash crops.

Expansion and Growth● Americans created new states beyond the Mississippi

River, which led to conflict with Native Americans. ● The government had to sign land treaties with Native

Americans, but the treaties were broken. ○ The government forced Native Americans to live on land called

reservations.

● This all was caused by Manifest Destiny, which was the idea that the United States was destined to expand from the East Coast to the West Coast of North America.

A developing PowerThroughout the 1900s, the United States economy, and its population, continued to expand.

Immigrants poured in to find new opportunities, and had an important influence on American culture.

The United States Expands

Today’s GoalToday I want to teach you how different groups of Native Americans adapted to various environments, along with the development of United States expansion.

The United States ExpandsKey Ideas:

● Native Americans had adapted to varied environments. ● In the 1800s, the United States expanded to the west

coast and beyond. ● Expansion of the United States caused changes in people’s

lives.

Native Americans Before European ContactEach group of Native Americans adapted, or changed its lifestyle, to the resources in its environment.

Northeast: Native Americans hunted animals like deer, fished in rivers, grew corn, beans and squash.

Native Americans Before European Contact Great Plains: Native Americans hunted buffalo and used the animals for food, clothing, and housing

Southwest: Native Americans used the little water available to grow corn.

How did Native Americans Help Europeans? Native Americans gave food to Europeans to help them survive the early years of their colonies.

They taught settlers how to grow local crops such as corn and squash.

They traded furs with settlers.

Manifest Destiny in the 1800s “It was the destiny of Americans to move west.”

The desire to expand led to conflict. Expanding west of the Mississippi River changed the lives of new settlers and native people.

Effects of ExpansionSome Native Americans:

● Moved to new areas ● Were angry about broken treaties● Decided to fight

Native Americans lost the wars.

Practice Questions1. What was the idea of “Manifest Destiny?”

What was its result? 2. What led to conflict with some Native

American groups as the nation expanded? 3. Why did Native Americans in different areas

follow different lifestyles?

Native American Culture

The American population was more diverse in 1492 than it is

today.

When columbus came to America in 1492...❏ More than 70 million people lived in the

Americas. ❏ Americans spoke more than 2,200 different

languages. ❏ There were 2,000 different tribes in North

America alone, each with its own customs.❏ People had lived in America for at least 12,000

years, and possibly as long as 50,000 years.

Native American Cultural Groups ● Native American population in North America

is often broken down into distinct culture groups.

● At the time of contact with Europeans, each culture group was living in a different geographic region of the continent.

● The culture groups shared many common characteristics and customs.

Native American Culture Groups 1. Woodlands2. Southeast3. Northwest Coast4. California5. Southwest6. Basin 7. Plains8. Subarctic 9. Plateau

Native American History https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XS8DEjd2QBg

OREOHow did Native Americans of the Plains use buffalo in their daily lives?

O- restate question and give opinion

R- reason that supports opinion

E- examples

0- opinion stated in new words

Native American Culture and European Exploration

Videos Introduction to the Age of Exploration

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17OP-2eSW5M

Explorers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kii9nWPDwpc

Reasons for exploration 1. Several countries were searching for a shortcut to

the Indies (spices and wealth) 2. To claim land for their country 3. They were searching for gold. 4. To spread their religion (Christianity)

Obstacles to Exploration 1. Maps were not complete and showed very few

destinations 2. Fear of falling off the earth 3. Crew members were prisoners and

un-trustworthy 4. Ships, food, and crews were expensive

Conflict (NA Vs. Explorers)● Native Americans felt Europeans were taking their land. ● There were battles, loss of lives, tribes fighting among

themselves for fur trading rights. ● Countries battled for rights to lands.

European Impact on Native Americans● Native American lands were taken by the explorers● The Native americans were exposed to diseases that

killed.● Christianity was forced on them. ● Friendly native Americans turned hostile and some

explorers took them as slaves.

OREO Response Questions For Test How did European exploration impact the lives of Native Americans?