the us & world war ii chapter 17 review warm-up question: what steps did the u.s. take to try...
TRANSCRIPT
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The US &
World War IIChapter 17 review
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Warm-up Question:
• What steps did the U.S. take to try and support the Allies before entering WWII?
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Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941
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WWII Military Strategies
• Main Strategies• unconditional surrender• an eventual second front by invading Europe• victory in Europe first.• Then onto the Pacific.
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The War for Europe & North Africa
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Eisenhower- Europe
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Battles of Importance
• Battle of The Atlantic–Hitler cuts off supplies from the U.S. to Britain and the Soviet Union.
• Allies overcame Axis blockades by using convoys
• North Africa and the Desert Fox• The Italian Campaign * Tuskegee Airmen * The 100th or 442nd Combat Team (Nisei)
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D-Day
• Plan to invade France
• Operation Overlord
• June 6, 1944
• Amphibious attack
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Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation
Overlord”]
Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation
Overlord”]
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D-Day Invasion
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D-Day (June 6, 1944)D-Day (June 6, 1944)
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Normandy Landing
(June 6, 1944)
Normandy Landing
(June 6, 1944)
Higgins Landing Crafts
German Prisoners
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TThe Liberation of Paris:August 25, 1944TThe Liberation of Paris:August 25, 1944
De Gaulle in Triumph!
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U. S. Troops in Paris, 1944
U. S. Troops in Paris, 1944
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The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive
The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive
Dec. 16, 1944to
Jan. 28, 1945
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Death Of President Roosevelt
• April 12, 1945 the President FDR dies
• Vice President Harry Truman becomes President
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V.E. DayMay 8 1945
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Mussolini & His Mistress,
Claretta Petacci
Are Hung in Milan, 1945
Mussolini & His Mistress,
Claretta Petacci
Are Hung in Milan, 1945
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Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945
Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945
The Führer’s Bunker
Cyanide & Pistols
Mr. & Mrs. Hitler
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The War at HomeChapter 17 section 4 review
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Opportunity for Americans
• New job opportunities
• unemployment 1.2%
• Farmers
• African Americans move north
• Women made up 35% of the workforce
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The Home Front• Selling war bonds raised money for
World War II
• Women• work in factories.• establish themselves as a vital part of the
economy.• participate in the war effort.• define a new role in society.
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G.I. Bill
• Servicemen’s Readjustment Act 1944
• Education for veterans
• Federal loans
• Home loans
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Discrimination
• Various racial groups experiences high levels of discrimination during WWII
• Would lead to civil rights movement of the 1960’s & 1970’s
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The Home Front
• African-American Phillip Randolph demanded equal employment opportunities for blacks during World War II
• Executive Order No. 8802 required defense industries to make jobs available without discrimination based on race, creed, color, or national origin.
• Executive Order 9066- sent ethnic groups to Internment Camps during WWII Feb. 19, 1942
• Korematsu v. U.S. the Supreme Court upheld the government’s practice of placing Japanese Americans in internment camps
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Mexican Americans
• 1943 Los Angeles Zoot Suit Riots
• Sailors reported that they had been “attacked” by Mexican Americans wearing zoot suits
• riots in Los Angeles in Mexican areas lasted a week
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WWII Propaganda Cartoons
• Cartoons used to get Americans to participate in the war effort
• War Industries Board
• Department of Treasury
• Rationing
• Bond Drives
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War in the Pacific
Chapter 17 section 3 review
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The Pacific Under Japan
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Yalta Conference
• Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
• Feb. 1945
• Germany to be divided onto 4 zones
• Stalin agreed to free elections in Eastern Europe and to aid the U.S. in the Pacific
• All agreed on a creation of the United Nations Organization
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Macarthur Nimitz
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Battles of Importance
• Doolittles Raid
• Battle of Midway
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Island Hopping
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The Manhattan Project:Los Alamos, NM
• Albert Einstein and FDR• American Scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer developed
the atomic bomb• New Mexico
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer
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Tinian Island, 1945Tinian Island, 1945
Little Boy Fat ManLittle Boy Fat Man
Enola Gay Crew
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Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb
Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb
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Hiroshima – August 6, 1945
Hiroshima – August 6, 1945
© 70,000 killed immediately.
© 48,000 buildings.
destroyed.© 100,000s died of
radiation poisoning & cancer later.
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The Beginning of theAtomic Age
The Beginning of theAtomic Age
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Nagasaki – August 9, 1945
Nagasaki – August 9, 1945
©40,000 killed immediately.
©60,000 injured.©100,000s died of
radiation poisoning& cancer later.
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Japanese A-Bomb Survivors
Japanese A-Bomb Survivors
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Hiroshima MemorialsHiroshima Memorials
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The Atomic Bomb
• Consequences of Truman’s decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan
– the surrender of Japan– the end of WWII– destruction of two Japanese cities– the deaths of thousands of civilians
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Japan Surrenders
• September 2, 1945 Japan surrenders
• USS Missouri
• V-J Day
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Aftermath of WWII & The Birth of Cold War Era
Chapter 18 review
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U.N. in NYC
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Cold War Beginnings
• Yalta Feb. 1945- The Big Three: Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
* Stalin goes back on his word = birth of the Cold War
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The U.S & S.V
• Both countries were isolated prior to WWII in international relations
• Both practiced “missionary diplomacy”- each with the idea they had the “correct” political doctrine
• The Cold War would last 45 years from 1945-1990
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Germany
• Issue of Berlin • West Germany
Democratic (soon independent)
• East Communist (controlled by Soviets)
• 1948 Soviets cut off supplies into Berlin
• Berlin Airlift 1948
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Cold War Beginnings• Soviet specialist George Kennan stance on S.U.
= “get-tough-with-Russia”
• Truman Doctrine- March 1947- $$ given to free people countries threatened by outside pressures & armed minorities (aid sent to Greece & Turkey)
• Marshall Plan- gave money to democratic countries in Europe to rebuild after the war (Russia feeling lonely )
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• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Democratic countries
• Warsaw Pact- treaty among communist countries
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NATO / WARSAW Pacts
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U.S. Foreign Policy Post WWII
• Iron Curtain
• Domino Theory
• Containment Policy
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Korean War
[1950-1953]
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Korea Post WWII
• 6/25/1950 North Korean troops cross the 38th parallel
• South Korea looks to the UN
• Vote taken and the UN takes military action in Korea
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The Shifting Map of Korea[1950-1953]
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1950-1953
• NSC-68- National Security Council Memorandum-
• U.S. increases funds towards defense• Truman & MacArthur clash * MacArthur wants China * April 1951 MacArthur is fired• Armistice Line 7/27/1953- at 38°
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• Presidents video Eisenhower….
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The Cold War at Home
Chapter 18 review
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Cold War Hysteria• 100,000 Americans were members of the
Communist Party in America
• Republicans push for stricter anti-communism legislature
• Federal Employee Loyalty Program 1947
• House Un-American Activities Committee “HUAC” – 1947
• Hollywood 10
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The 2nd Red Scare
• Nixon and Joseph McCarthy head “red hunt”• Alger Hiss• McCarran Internal Security Bill- gave authority to the
gov. to detain and arrest suspicious people (vetoed by Truman)
• Julia and Ethel Rosenberg ‘53• 1997 Russia released recordsStating that Julius had given upinfo
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Progress Through ScienceProgress Through Science
1957 1957 Russians launch Russians launch SPUTNIK SPUTNIK II
1958 1958 National National Defense Defense Education Act Education Act
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Progress Through Science Progress Through Science
Atomic AnxietiesAtomic Anxieties::
““Duck-and-Cover Duck-and-Cover Generation”Generation”
Atomic TestingAtomic Testing::
1946-1962 1946-1962 U. S. exploded 217 U. S. exploded 217 nuclear weapons over nuclear weapons over the Pacific and in the Pacific and in Nevada.Nevada.
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Progress Through Science Progress Through Science
UFO SightingsUFO Sightings skyrocketed in the skyrocketed in the 1950s.1950s.
War of the War of the WorldsWorlds
Hollywood used aliens as a Hollywood used aliens as a metaphor metaphor
for whom for whom ????
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You know you’re a red if..
• You have declining religious sentiment
• Increased sexual freedom
• Your Homosexual
• Your for civil rights
• You’re a drunk
• Your in debt
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The Red Scare Game
• Are you Red enough????
• Object of the game is for “reds” to get with as many “whites” as they can and for whites to not let any reds into your group
• Each person is worth 5 extra credit points
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• RED PAPER STUDENTS ACQUIRE POINTS BY JOINING OR “INFILTRATING” white GROUPS.
• FOR EXAMPLE, A RED PAPER JOINS A GROUP OF SIX white PAPERS WOULD EARN 30 POINTS FOR HIM/HERSELF.
• IF TWO OR MORE RED PAPERS INFILTRATE A GROUP THEN THEY WILL DIVIDE THE POINTS
• ANY GROUP THAT HAS A RED PAPER IN IT, ALL white PAPERS WILL NOT RECEIVE ANY POINTS
• In order for white groups to get points NO reds are to be present