the user mode determines the view of

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User ModeDefinition

The user mode determines the view of the statistics data of theWorkload Monitor(transaction ST03N).The design was conceived with different users in mind, so that the system displays different functions andtime periods of monitoring depending on the user mode you choose.

Use

There are three types of user mode. Each shows different types of information.

Administrator mode

This is the default user mode. We recommend that you use this user mode. It providesquick access to todays workload statistics and provides an overview of the workload

distribution. You can also display the functions that relate the the workload collector logand access the reorganization parameters for the performance database in this mode.

Service Engineer Mode

This mode provides you with the workload statistics for the current day and the theprevious week, as well as an overview of the workload history and distribution and adetailed workload analysis. This user mode is set up especially for SAP Service.

By default the system displays the total statistics for all application statistics.

Expert Mode

This mode provides users with all of the functions that are available in the workloadmonitor. You can display all of the available workload data (daily, weekly, and monthlydata).

Integration

The user mode that you choose determines the functions that are displayed on the initial screen oftransaction ST03N.

See Also:

Analysis Views of the Workload Monitor

Operating the Workload Monitor

Structure of the Workload Tree in the WorkloadMonitorDefinition

In the workload tree, the workload monitorprovides you with a hierarchy of between one and three levels,depending on the selected user mode, in the Functions subscreen. With this, you can quickly determine

The Instance

The period of time
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for which you want to analyze the workload. You can also use the TOTAL entry (see also:WorkloadCollector Settings) at instance level, which displays the workload for all instances in the system.

Chosoe the desired entry by double clicking it.

Structure

Depending on the selected user mode, you can decide for what period of time and which instance you

want to analyze the workload.

User Mode Structure of the Workload Tree Explanation

Administrator

/TOTAL

The system displays the workload fortoday. Choose the desired instance, orchoose TOTAL, if you want to analyze theworkload for all instances of a system.

ServiceEngineer Previous Week/Today

/TOTAL

The system displays a two-level hierarchyin which you select first the time periodand then the desired instance.

Expert

/TOTAL

The system displays a three-levelhierarchy in which you select first theinstance, then the period to be studied(day, week or month) and finally the actualtime period.

See also:


Displaying the Business Transaction AnalysisUse

You can use the workload monitorto display the business transaction analysis. This analysis calculatesthe use of system resources by individual transactions and provides the most detailed analysis of atransaction and dialog steps. The selection criteria include: user, transaction, program, task type, startdate and start time.

The time frame that is analyzed may be larger than the interval that was set bythe Read Time, as the system always attempts to analyze complete transactions.A complete analysis is, however, not always possible for long-runningtransactions. As the business transaction analysis is time-intensive, set theinterval that you want to monitor as short as possible (around ten minutes).
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Procedure

1. First, start the workload monitor by calling transaction ST03N.

2. Choose the user mode that you require.

You can only display the business transaction analysis in the ExpertorService Engineerusermodes.

3. Choose Detail Analysis Business Transaction Analysis.

4. The system displays the Select Statistical Records dialog screen. You can make the followingsettings here:

In the group box Select the display mode, choose one of the following output types:

Show all statistic records, sorted by start time

The system displays a chronological list of dialog steps with their resource usage(this corresponds to the individual record statistics and the transaction statistics).

Show all records, grouped by business transaction

The system displays a list of dialog steps with their resource usage, grouped bytransaction. This list contains the individual dialog steps for a transaction.

Show business transaction sums

The system displays a list with totals of workload data for each transaction. Thisis the variant that is most frequently used.

If you set certain restrictions in the first two modes listed above, such as only forcertain users, transactions, and so on, the system only reads the correspondingrecords. In the third mode, the system reads all records, but only displays those

that match the selection criteria. Ensure that you take this into account, if youchoose Displ. Mode to switch to a different display mode.

In the Tools group box, choose one of the following commands:

Include statistics from memory

The system first buffers the statistical data, before reading it into the STAD file.This option forces the buffer to write the data to the file before the analysis starts.This ensures that all transactions can be analyzed.

Include application statistics

Choose this selection field, to also display theapplication statistics.

Server selection

This pushbutton restricts the analysis to specific application servers in thesystem. Select the desired instances.

Additional options

These can be used to set the wait time for the Remote Function Call (RFC), themaximum runtime of the analysis and the time interval that you set for theanalysis.

See Also:

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Display the Last Minutes Load

UseThe workload monitorusually reads the workload from the MONI performance database, which issupplied the data from the statistics files for the individual instances once an hour. This means that youusually cannot show any data that is less than an hour old, and has not yet been written to the MONItable.

So that you can also monitor the latest changes in the system performance, there is an additionalfunction, Last Minutes Load. Using this function, you can access the statistics files for the individualinstances directly, and display the system performance for a time period of your choice (for example, forthe last 15 minutes).

Procedure

1. Start the workload monitor by calling transaction ST03N.

2.Choose either the Service EngineerorExpertuser mode.

3. Expand Last Minutes Load, and choose the instance that you want to investigate by doubleclicking it.

4. The system displays the Last Minutess Load for dialog screen. On this screen,you can make more detailed specifications about the workload that you want to analyze.

5. The system displays the usual output area, in which the requested workload is output in anALV Grid Control.

See Also:


Load Distribution in the Workload MonitorPurpose

The workload monitoris conceived in such a way that you can output the workload for a specific instanceand for a particular period of time, and compare the load for these circumstances through varioustransactions, users, RFC destinations, external systems, and so on.

Some questions cannot, however, be answered with these output conditions. You will often be interestedin the development of the workload over time (workload history) or the distribution of the workload fordifferent instances (Comparison of instances).

Process FlowLoad History


2. Choose either the Service EngineerorExpertuser mode.

3. You can find the load history in the Functions subscreen under the Load History and Distributionentry. Expand this tree and the Load Historytree.
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4. The system displays a list of the available instances and optionally the TOTAL entry for allinstances (see also: Settings of the Workload Collector). Choose the required instance by doubleclicking it.

5. The system displays the Workload: Compare all periods for one selected instance screen. Thesystem displays a list of workloads at different times for the selected instance. You can choosebetween the following output views:

Output View Meaning

Summary of average workload Average system workload

Summary of workload Total workload

Summary of DB accesses Database accesses

Summary of response time distribution Response time distribution

Summary of recording time Time stamp of the first and last statistics recordsduring the selected period

You can use the following commands:

Pushbutton Meaning

By day(s), By week(s), By month(s) Period for the output lines

Sort Sort by the chosen column

Other task type Change the task type whose workload is displayedin the list

>>,


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5. The system displays the Workload: Compare all instances for one selected periodscreen.Thesystem displays a list of all instances and their workloads during a particular period of time. Thesame output views exist as for load history. You can use the following commands:

Pushbutton Meaning

Choose Outputs the task type overview for the selectedtime period

Navigation between different output views

Sort Sort by the chosen column

Period-

Period+

Change the displayed time period by one unit ofthe chosen period; you can select days, weeks, ormonths as the period by choosing EditChoose

period type

Other task type Change the task type whose workload is displayedin the list

The load history and the instance comparison display the same data that you can select using theanalysis views. The difference is that in the load history you can compare workloads in one list that areotherwise always in different output tables due to the structure of the workload monitor.

It is therefore a summary - the system shows the same data in a different format.

Users per Instance

A further comparison that you can display for the load distribution is the number of users per instance.

See Also:


Displaying Users per InstanceUse

You can use the workload monitorto display the number of users working on an instance. You candisplay the number of dialog steps that each user has executed, and check that the instance responsetimes are acceptable.

Procedure


2. Choose the user mode that you require.

3. Choose Load History and Distribution (orLoad Distribution in theAdministratoruser mode) andthen Users per Instance.
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The system takes you to the Performance: Display Users and Used Instances screen. The systemdisplays a list with the number of users logged on to each instance. You can use the following commandsto obtain more information:

Pushbutton Meaning

Choose instance Outputs all users, the number of dialog steps executed by them andthe response times on the selected instance

Instances per userorUser per instances

Switches between two views (the pushbutton displays the view towhich you can change, not the active one):

Instances per User:

For each user, the system displays all instances thatthe user has logged on to during the selected timeperiod.

User per instances

For each instance, the system displays the number ofusers that were logged on during the selected timeperiod.

Period-, Period+ Change the displayed period of time by one unit of the selected period

Filter... Restricts the users to those with response time or number of dialogsteps above a threshold value of your choice (only available in theInstances per Userview)

By days, By weeks,By months

Period for the output lines

See Also:


Load Distribution in the Workload Monitor

Collector and Performance DatabaseUse

A statistics collector exists for the workload monitor, which usually reads statistics data once per hourfrom the statistics files of all instances of a system and writes them to the database table MONI(performance database).

Here you can make settings about which workload data the statistics collector determines, and how often,and how long it should be retained at what level of detail in the performance database.

Use these functions, above all, when :

You want to analyze particular transactions in detail

Problems occur when working with the workload monitor
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Changing certain settings in this area can have a negative effect on systemperformance. You should always ensure that the workload from the statisticscollector itself does not become too large.

FeaturesStart the workload monitor by calling transaction ST03N. You can find the functions for the collector andthe performance database in the Functions subscreen.

Performance Database

The statistical data about the workload is collected by various collectors and aggregated and stored in theperformance database MONI. As the performance database is constantly growing due to these reports,regularreorganizations of the performance database MONI are necessary. During these, the data isaggregated into less detailed time periods (for example, from days to weeks) and the more detailed datais deleted. You can decide how long each type of data should be stored.

Performance Monitor Collector

You can set a "timetable" for theexecution time and frequency of the reports that deliver data to the

performance database, and view the log.Workload Collector

In addition to setting which report should collect data about the workload, and how often, there are a largenumber ofWorkload Collector Settings, with the purpose of enabling the collector to collect as much aspossible of the relevant data for you while using as small an amount of system resources as possible.You can view the log of the workload collector to help you find errors.

Statistics Records and File

There are a number of profile and online parameters that are relevant for the workload collector. You canview the relevant profile parameters for each individual instance by choosing Collector & Perf. DatabaseStatistics Records and File Relevant Profile Parameters, although you cannot change them directlyhere. You can do that using transaction RZ12 (Profile Parameter Maintenance).

Online parameters are profile parameters whose changes take effect immediately (without a restart of the

affected instance). In contrast to the Relevant Profile Parameters, you can change the online parametersdirectly in the workload monitor by choosing Collector & Perf. Database Statistics Records and File Change Online Parameters.You require online parameters for, among other things:

Table Access Statistics

Application Statistics

Note that changes to the parameters affect the number of statistics records per dialog step, which canlead to performance problems in the statistics collector.

Delete File

In rare cases (such as space problems in the file system), it can become necessary to delete the statisticsfile of an SAP instance. In this case, you can either delete the file for dialog step statistics, STAT, or theapplication statistics file ASTAT for an instance. If you are working with separate statistics files for every

hour (Profile parameterstat/max_files > 0), all statistics files are deleted.See Also:

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Under Analysis views, you can access, for example:Workload overview - Workload statistics according to work process typeTransaction Profile - Workload statistics according to transaction.Time Profile - Workload statistics according to hourUnder Analysis views, you can access, for example:Workload overview - Workload statistics according to work process typeTransaction Profile - Workload statistics according to transaction.Time Profile - Workload statistics according to hour


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In the Workload Monitor, choosing Transaction Profile enables you to find out:The most-used transactions. Tuning these transactions creates the greatest improvements inoverall performance.The average response times for typical R/3 transactions.


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To display the 40 slowest dialog steps by response time, choose Top time

the user mode determines the view of

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