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The Water/Energy Nexus for School Sites

Green California Schools and Community Colleges Summit October 29, 2015

Green California Schools Summit

October 29, 2015

Chester A. Widom, FAIA California State Architect

GOVERNORS EXECUTIVE ORDER

In almost every way conceivable, Californians have to get used to a very different world, and we’re going to have to live just a little bit differently.

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CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE TITLE 24

Building Standards Commission ›

Dept. of Housing & Community Development Office of Statewide Health Planning & Development Division of the State Architect

DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES TITLE 23

Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO) › Structure Planning and Designing Installation and Maintenance Managing

› Calculator Evapotranspiration Adjustment Factor (ETAF) Special Landscape Areas

MWELO

Housing and Community Development ETAF: 0.55

Building Standards Commission ETAF: 0.45

OSHPD: Require local agency review and approval

Division of the State Architect ETAF: 0.65

INCLUDED: K–12 AND COMMUNITY COLLEGE PROJECTS All New or Rehabilitated Irrigated Landscape New Campuses New Buildings on Existing Campuses

LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION REQUIRMENTS-1

All landscaping on new campuses must be 100% in compliance with MWELO requirements except that: › ETAF for general landscape areas shall be 0.65 › Additional water allowance of 0.35 for Special Landscape Areas › ETAF for Special Landscape Areas of 1.0


On existing campuses, compliance with the MWELO is required for: › New landscape irrigation projects 500 SF or more in area. › Rehabilitated landscape irrigation projects 1,200 SF or more in

area. › Projects ≥ 500 SF and < 2,500 SF may use prescriptive

compliance method of MWELO Appendix D


Rehabilitated landscape area requirements on existing campuses: › Triggered by new building or addition to an existing building of ≥

1,600 SF › Existing landscape area equal to 75% of new building footprint

or building addition footprint: Must be upgraded to comply with 2015 MWELO

May be located on any campus within the district

May include existing landscape area removed from service

THINK DISTRICT–NOT CAMPUS

Goal is the district’s reduction of water usage Required landscape rehabilitation projects can be located in a

variety of places: › Adjacent to construction project › Elsewhere on the campus › Anywhere on other district campuses

THINK DISTRICT–NOT CAMPUS

Credit for MWELO compliant stand alone landscape irrigation projects for future construction projects

If new building is placed on existing landscaped area, there is no requirement for additional landscape irrigation rehabilitation › Credit for excess area

SELF CERTIFICATION

Design Professional › Architect › Landscape Architect › Civil Engineer

Requirements › Certification that design meets MWELO requirements-at project

submittal › Certification that construction conforms to MWELO requirements-at

completion

DSA: A partner in the design and construction of great and safe schools.

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Chester A. Widom, FAIA California State Architect [email protected] (916) 322 - 4866

DROUGHT RESPONSE BEST PRACTICES FOR CALIFORNIA SCHOOLS

STRATEGIES FOR REDUCED WATER USAGE

EXECUTIVE ORDER B-29-15

• RESTRICTIONS TO ACHIEVE 25% OVERALL REDUCTION

• THESE REDUCTIONS MAY BE HIGHER OR LOWER DEPENDING ON YOUR LOCATION (8% - 36%)

• SCHOOLS MUST REDUCE WATER USE - EXECUTIVE ORDER APPLIES TO SCHOOLS

WHAT CAN SCHOOLS DO TO REDUCE THEIR WATER USAGE?

• PLANNING

• PLAY FIELDS

• ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING

• BUILDING USE

• MAINTENANCE

• EDUCATION

PLANNING

• CONTACT YOUR WATER PURVEYOR(S) TO DISCUSS AVAILABLE RESOURCES

• BENCHMARK EXISTING WATER USAGE

• CONSIDER INSTALLING SEPARATE METERS FOR INDOOR AND OUTDOOR USE

• ESTABLISH PRIORITIES FOR WATER CONSERVATION • PLAY FIELDS AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL SPACES • ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING • BUILDING USES • RAIN CATCHMENT/RECYCLED WATER SYSTEMS • SUSTAINABLE SITES – LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT

PLAY FIELDS

• PLAY FIELDS ARE REQUIRED EDUCATIONAL SPACES & MUST BE MAINTAINED FOR SAFETY

• STRATEGIES TO REDUCE WATER USAGE IN PLAY FIELDS • FIELD USE ADJUSTMENTS/CONSOLIDATE FIELDS • AERATE SOIL • PLANT DROUGHT-TOLERANT GRASS VARIETIES • USE AN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM/MOISTURE SENSORS • WATER EARLY MORNING OR AFTER SUNSET TO REDUCE EVAPORATION • AVOID WATERING ON WINDY DAYS • WATER DEEPLY, LESS FREQUENTLY TO DEVELOP DEEPER ROOTS • ADJUST FERTILIZERS DURING WARMER MONTHS TO OPTIMIZE PLANT HEALTH • ALLOW GRASS TO GROW LONGER, ESPECIALLY DURING THE SUMMER

ORNAMENTAL LANDSCAPING

• CONSIDER REPLACING ORNAMENTAL TURF WITH DROUGHT-TOLERANT LANDSCAPING

• MAINTAIN TREES – SEPARATE IRRIGATION

• MULCH AROUND PLANTING AREAS

• USE PERMEABLE SURFACES FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGE

BUILDING USE

• INSTALL HIGHER ACCURACY AUTOMATIC FLUSH TOILETS

• REPLACE OLDER PLUMBING FIXTURES WITH NEWER, WATER-EFFICIENT FIXTURES

• CONSIDER USING WATERLESS URINALS

• REPLACE SINK AERATORS, SHOWER HEADS, AND OTHER FITTINGS WITH LOW-FLOW FITTINGS

• USE METERED OR OPTICAL-SENSOR FAUCETS

• INSTALL INSTANT-HOT WATER HEATERS

• CONSIDER USING GRAY-WATER OR RECYCLED WATER SYSTEMS

MAINTENANCE

• REPAIR AND ADJUST IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

• REPLACE SPRINKLER HEADS WITH LOW-FLOW SPRINKLERS

• CAP OR PLUG UNNECESSARY SPRINKLERS

• CREATE A PROACTIVE LEAK-DETECTION SYSTEM

• CREATE A WEB PAGE AND PHONE HOTLINE TO REPORT BROKEN SPRINKLERS

• ADJUST STAFFING/COMMUNICATIONS SO REPORTED LEAKS ARE REPAIRED QUICKLY

EDUCATION

• INCORPORATE WATER CONSERVATION INTO THE CURRICULUM

• INFORM THE PUBLIC OF WATER CONSERVATION EFFORTS

• USE SIGNAGE TO TEACH STUDENTS AND PUBLIC ABOUT WATER WISE LANDSCAPING

• SHARE YOUR SUCCESSES WITH OTHERS

RESOURCES

• HTTP://WWW.CDE.CA.GOV/LS/FA/SF/BPDROUGHT.ASP

• HTTP://WWW.STMA.ORG/SITES/STMA/FILES/STMAPCIBROCHURE_FIRSTED_FINAL.PDF

• HTTP://WWW.DOCUMENTS.DGS.CA.GOV/DSA/PUBS/10-TIPS_SCHOOLWATERCONSERVATION.PDF

• HTTP://UCANR.EDU/NEWS/DROUGHT/

• #WATERWISESCHOOLS ON TWITTER

http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/fa/sf/bpdrought.asp

http://www.stma.org/sites/stma/files/STMAPCIBrochure_FirstEd_FINAL.pdf

http://www.stma.org/sites/stma/files/STMAPCIBrochure_FirstEd_FINAL.pdf

http://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/pubs/10-Tips_SchoolWaterConservation.pdf

http://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/dsa/pubs/10-Tips_SchoolWaterConservation.pdf

http://ucanr.edu/News/Drought/

CONTACT

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

SCHOOL FACILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION SERVICES DIVISION

DIANE WATERS, SENIOR ARCHITECT

916-327-2884

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

WATER OUR NEXT CRISIS- NOW WHAT

A LOOK AT SOME PROJECTS Rolling Hills Quad Area Rolling Hills Quad Area

SUNDANCE ELEMENTARY Sundance Quad Sundance Front

KG PLAYGROUNDS Sundance KG Sunset Hills KG

WATER SAVINGS THESE PROJECTS WERE PRE 2013 SO THEY SKEW OUR 2013

BASELINE NUMBERS THERE WERE NO REBATES OR INCENTIVES OFFERED DID NOT COLLECT DATA IN UNITS IN UNTIL 2014 MAY 2014 UNITS USED 36,042 = 26,959416 GAL. MAY 2015 UNITS USED 30,759 = 23,007,732 GAL. SAVINGS 3,951,684 GAL. BASED ON 40 SITES

DROUGHT WORRIES TREES - COULD BE A BANNER YEAR FOR TREE SERVICES PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR TREES SHALLOW ROOTED, PINES, EUCALYPTUS LOOK FOR – LEAF CURL, PREMATURE DROPPING OF LEAVES, EARLY CHANGE

OF COLOR, RED OR YELLOWING NEEDLES ON PINES OR BROWNING TIPS INSECT INFESTATION BRITTLE LIMBS

DROUGHT STRESSED TREES WILL POSE A THREAT TO THE SAFETY OF ALL COMMUNITY MEMBERS

DROUGHT WORRIES TREES Lose of chlorophyll on Liquid Ambers Eucalyptus thinning and leaf curl

DROUGHT WORRIES CONT.

SPORTS FIELDS CHECK FOR A WAIVER OR VARIANCE ON IRRIGATING YOUR

SPORTS FIELDS FOR SAFETY PURPOSES THE CONCERNED COMMUNITY MEMBERS THE GODZILLA EL NINO

REBATES

LOTS OF WORK – SQUARE FOOTAGE, PICTURES HOLD YOUR BREATH – APPROVAL CAN TAKE UP TO THREE

MONTHS LOTS OF WORK II – BE PREPARED TO TAKE MORE FINISHED

PICTURE.

NEW PRODUCTS MOISTURE MANAGER SMART CONTROLLERS – WEATHER BASED, AUTOMATIC REAL

TIME UPDATES, RAIN SENSORS REBATES AND INCENTIVES

NEW PRODUCTS V. Softball Field Product 1 V. Baseball Field Product 2

THINGS TO REMEMBER

WE LIVE IN A DESERT REVIEW YOUR BMPS REMIND YOUR STAFF PAY ATTENTION TO THE TREES TRY NEW PRODUCTS COMMUNICATE

QUESTIONS

C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N

The Water/Energy Nexus for School Sites

Green California Schools and Community Colleges Summit

October 29, 2015


California’s Appliance Efficiency Standards (Title 20)

The Energy Commission sets minimum efficiency levels for both energy and water consumption of appliances

Regulations cover what can be sold or offered for sale in California

Manufacturers certify products that meet the standards in the Appliance Efficiency Database (https://cacertappliances.energy.ca.gov/)

https://cacertappliances.energy.ca.gov/


January 17, 2014 – Governor Brown proclaimed a state of emergency due to drought

April 1, 2015

– Governor Brown issued Executive Order B-29-15 – Authorizes Energy Commission to adopt emergency regulations establishing standards improving efficiency of

water appliances

April 8, 2015 – Energy Commission adopted emergency water efficiency standards for Toilets, Urinals, Kitchen and Lavatory

Faucets – Standards become effective January 1, 2016

August 12, 2015

– Energy Commission adopted emergency standards for showerheads First tier effective July 1, 2016 – Amended standards for Lavatory Faucets First tier effective September 1, 2015

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Water Efficiency Standards – Recent Activity


Title 20 Applies to These Water-consuming Devices


Toilets, Urinals, and Faucets

• On April 8, the Commission adopted water-efficiency standards for toilets, urinals, and faucets.

• Once in effect, these standards are estimated to save annually: – 10.3 billion gallons of water, – 30.6 million therms (Mtherm) of natural gas – 218 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity

• Over ten years, the standards will save an estimated 730 billion gallons of water


Toilets, Urinals, and Faucets Appliance Maximum Gallons per Flush

Sold or offered for sale before January 1, 2014

Sold or offered for sale on or after January 1, 2014

Sold or offered for sale on or after January 1, 2016

Toilets 1.6 gpf 1.28 gpf 1.28 gpf

Wall-mounted urinals 1.0 0.5 0.125

Other urinals 1.0 0.5 0.5

Trough-type urinals

Appliance Maximum Flow Rate

Sold or offered for sale before

January 1, 2014 Sold or offered for sale on or after January

1, 2016

Kitchen faucets & aerators 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 1.8 gpm with optional temporary flow of 2.2 gpm at 60 psi

Public lavatory faucets 2.2 gpm at 60 psi 0.5 gpm at 60 psi


Lavatory Faucets and Showerheads • On August 12, the Commission adopted new, two-tiered standards for

showerheads and revised, two-tiered standards for residential lavatory faucets

• Over the next ten years, with both tiers, the showerhead standards are expected to save: • 38 billion gallons of water • 202 Mtherm of natural gas • 1,322 GWh of electricity

• Standards go into effect September 1, 2015, July 1, 2016, and July 1, 2018


First Year and Stock Turnover Savings – Combined Standards

First Year Savings

Water Natural Gas Electricity Savings

2015 Water Efficiency Standards 14,256.6 million gallons 53.59 Mtherm 359.28 GWh $214 million

Savings After Full Stock Turnover

Water Natural Gas Electricity Savings

2015 Water Efficiency Standards 150,156 million gallons 512.8 Mtherm 3,628.8 GWh $2.1 billion

Total Avoided Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2015 Water Efficiency Standards 3,511,151 tons eCO2


Resources Read the New Water Efficiency Standards:

http://docketpublic.energy.ca.gov/PublicDocuments/15-AAER-05/TN206010_20150904T104618_Appliance_Efficiency_Regulations.pdf

Subscribe to the Appliances listserv:

http://www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/listservers.html

Title 20 Compliance Assistance Hotline

Toll free inside California (888) 838-1467

From outside of California (916) 651-7100

[email protected]

Additional Tools are located here:

http://www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/forms/index.html#webdocs


Proposition 39 (K-12) Program Who is Eligible for Funding? • Local Education Agencies (LEAs)

– County Offices of Education – Public Schools Districts (K-12) – Charter Schools – State Special Schools

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Eligible Energy Measures • Lighting Systems • Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) • Controls/Thermostats • Pumps and Motors • Plug Loads • Building Envelope • Clean Energy Generation (solar photovoltaic)

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Energy Efficiency Measures with a water savings connection

• Irrigation projects such as pump controls or high efficiency sprinklers.

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http://ucanr.edu/blogs/Green/blogfiles/31190_original.jpg


Additional Information Energy Commission’s Proposition 39 Web page: http://www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/proposition39

California Climate Investment Map: www.caclimateinvestmentmap.ca.gov

Contact our Prop 39 Hotline: (855) 380-8722 (Toll-free in-state) (916) 653-0392 (Toll line out-of-state)

Contact us by email: [email protected]

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Thank You! California Energy Commission

Local Assistance and Financing Office

Elizabeth Shirakh

916-654-4089 [email protected]

Proposition 39 Update

Anna Ferrera Executive Director School Energy Coalition 1303 J Street, Suite 520 Sacramento, California 95814 916.441.3300 [email protected] www.schoolenergysolutions.org

Janet Dixon

Director of Facilities Development Temecula Valley Unified School District

Green California Schools Summit

October 29, 2015

The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 55

Southwest Riverside County

28,400 Students

28 School Sites

2 Administrative Sites

2 Charter Schools in District-owned Sites


Hired two energy managers in early 2012 Behavior Modification/schedule adjustments Lighting retrofit through SCE grant Quality maintenance HVAC program- SCE grant Electrical usage reduction of 20%

$165 Million GO Bond passed in November 2012.


13/14: $1,167,805 14/15: $1.031,001 15/16, 16/17,17/18? (Assume $1 M/year) Total: Approximately $5 million


Requested planning funds (but didn’t spend it)

Minumum $250K per school site if District had over $1

million

Each site needed to meet 1.05 Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR).


EMS replacement Demand Control Ventilation-Variable Frequency Drive:

• Funded by SCE • In conjunction with quality maintenance program

5 Total Schools: • 2 Middle Schools and 1 Elementary School: • SCE/GO Bond Funded • 1 Elementary School, 2 wings of High School: SCE/Prop 39 funded


The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015

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*Gym lights and parking lot light retrofit added to get to $250K per site.

**Had to pass Board resolution saying we would keep HVAC units 10 years. The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015

HVAC $ in Thousands Site Total Prop 39 SCE SIR

Elementary** 355 250 105 1.48

2 wings H. S. 238 168* 70 1.60

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Central Plant 4 pipe system Co-Gen systems

• 2 micro turbines in pool area (2004)-excess heat used for pool heating

• 3 micro turbines added 2012 in central plant, pool units tied in,

The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 3 Central Plant Micro-Turbines

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• Excess heat used for central plant hot water loop and • 1 chiller replaced by absorption chiller and cooling tower


Cooling Tower 100 ton Absorption Chiller

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Chaparral High School • EMS Upgrade • Replace 2-250 ton chillers • Piping modifications to improve heat utilization of the co-generation

system • Anticipated reduction of 1 Million kwh/year (currently supplied by SCE)

The Water/Energy Nexus October 29, 2015 20 Year Old 250 Ton Chiller 67

Replace Library Pendant Lighting Install New Energy Management System


Install Closed Circuit Cooling Tower Replace water-cooled heat pumps Replace boiler Provide Economizer on Interior Units



Project Cost( $000’s) SIR

Site Total Prop 39 Other funds

Chaparral $3,405 $2,472 $ 933 1.51

Margarita $1,601 $1,557 $ 44 0.75

Total $5,006 $4,029 $ 977 1.21

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Power Purchase Agreement 6.2 MW 20 Sites


Account for efficiency projects when sizing alternate energy project • Chaparral: SCE tariffs make Co-Gen and Solar incompatible.

Cannot feed energy to grid. • Margarita: Prop. 39 projects will cut electicity usage by a third.

Account for other changes that might take place over life of contract


TVUSD will have spent all Prop. 39 dollars and touched four of thirty sites

Many more projects than funding More complicated projects take much more time to put

together. Best Practice: Leverage Prop 39 funds with other

available funding
