the worst man-made disaster in human history · 26 april 1986 the worst man-made disaster in human...
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Chernobyl disaster 26 april 1986
The worst man-made disaster
in human history
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The nuclear power station
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Chernobyl is located on the border
area between Ukraine and
Belarus.
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Chernoby
l
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The Chornobyl nuclear power
station was built in 1978-1979.
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The Explosion
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In the early morning hours of
26 April 1986, a testing error
caused an explosion at the
Chernobyl nuclear power
station.
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Radioactive fallout
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The explosion released 190 tons
of radioactive gases into the
atmosphere.
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Radioactive fallout scattered
over much of the northern
hemisphere via wind and
storm patterns.
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70% of the radioactive material
was blown into the neighboring
country of Belarus.
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In all 150,000 square kilometres
in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine
were contaminated.
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7 million people living in these
areas were exposed to the
radiation fallout.
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The evacuation
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The morning after the explosion,
there was no hint of a disaster.
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Children went to school and
played outside.
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Gardeners worked on their plots
outdoors.
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Even weddings took place that
Saturday night.
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Only on the second day after the
disaster (after 36 hours) did the
Soviet authorities start
evacuating people from the area
around Chernobyl.
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In total some 200,0000 people are
believed to have been relocated as
a result of the accident.
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3 million of those evacuated were
children.
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The Human Casualties
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The immediate impact
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The immediate casualties were
operators, rescue workers,
firefighters and soldiers involved
in the clean up operations.
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31 emergency clean-up people workers died in 3 months of radiation poisoning.
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134 emergency workers suffered
from acute radiation sickness.
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25,000 of the rescue workers later
died from diseases caused by
radiation.
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Diseases caused by radiation
included:
- lung cancer,
- leukemia,
- cardiovascular disease.
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Long term exposure
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Eight years after the accident
8,000 people had died from
diseases due to radiation.
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To date medical statistics
reported 270,000 cancers (mostly
thyroid) caused by the Chernobyl
disaster.
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Of these 93,000 of these cancer
cases were fatal.
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There have been at least 1800
documented cases of thyroid
cancer in children.
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In region of Belarus, incidence of
leukemia has increased 50% in
children and adults.
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Maternal exposure to
radiation caused an increased
rate of:
- birth defects,
- miscarriages,
- and stillbirths
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Environmental Impact
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Areas still impacted today:
- soil
- water
- air
- crops and food
- livestock
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20% of prime farmland in Belarus
remains contaminated from the
decaying components of
plutonium.
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Radiation is concentrated in
sediments at the bottoms of lakes
and ponds.
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Still the population continues
to contaminate itself by fishing
there.
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Livestock such as cattle and
goats accumulate radioactivity
in their meat and milk.
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The food and water supply is
continuously contaminated by
rainfall and by the movement of
radioactive dust.
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Problems Today
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After the disaster, a huge cement box (sarcophagus) was hastily built around the radioactive material.
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According to a 2003 report by the
Russian Atomic Energy Ministry,
"the concrete shell surrounding the Chernobyl nuclear reactor was in real danger of collapsing at any time."
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A new shelter - a 1.3 million euro
project was completed in 2009.
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It is hoped to safely contain the
nuclear material for the next 100
years.
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97% of the radioactive materials
from the Chernobyl plant still
remains inside this sarcophagus.
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Even if the people are aware of
the danger many have returned
to live in their old homes.
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Today 5.5 million people still live
in contaminated areas.
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They continue to be exposed to
low doses of radiation for
decades to come.