theorists to think about -ways to prepare- movement ms leah stewart unit 3a/b drama year 12

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Theorists to think Theorists to think about about -Ways to prepare- -Ways to prepare- Movement Movement Ms Leah Stewart Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12 Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

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Page 1: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Theorists to think aboutTheorists to think about-Ways to prepare--Ways to prepare-

MovementMovement

Ms Leah StewartMs Leah Stewart

Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Page 2: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Jerzy GrotowskiJerzy Grotowski

Born 1933 Poland. Died 1999 ItalyBorn 1933 Poland. Died 1999 Italy

Page 3: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Jerzy GrotowskiJerzy Grotowski One of the leading members of the Expressionist One of the leading members of the Expressionist

theatre movement.theatre movement.

Expressionism - As opposed to having the primary aim Expressionism - As opposed to having the primary aim of creating theatre to educate (like of creating theatre to educate (like BrechtBrecht), to entertain ), to entertain (like Commedia dell'arte), or to be realistic (like (like Commedia dell'arte), or to be realistic (like Stanislavski); expressionistic theatre's main aim is to Stanislavski); expressionistic theatre's main aim is to express emotion.express emotion.

Expressionistic theatre is different from realism - actors will behave how most Expressionistic theatre is different from realism - actors will behave how most people wouldn't in real life, their physical and vocal qualities exaggerating their people wouldn't in real life, their physical and vocal qualities exaggerating their emotions; sets designs will be exaggerated to emphasise the tone of the settingemotions; sets designs will be exaggerated to emphasise the tone of the setting

His work influenced those wishing to change theatre.His work influenced those wishing to change theatre.

Developer of Developer of Poor theatrePoor theatre

Page 4: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Jerzy Grotowski –Jerzy Grotowski –Laboratory theatreLaboratory theatre

Not an actual theatre, although it became the title of a Not an actual theatre, although it became the title of a theatre in 1971 theatre in 1971 (Thirteen Row Theatre in Opole)(Thirteen Row Theatre in Opole)

Institute that focused on the actor and the movement.Institute that focused on the actor and the movement.

In the 60’s and 70’s the ensemble toured the world In the 60’s and 70’s the ensemble toured the world showing the new ideas of theatre interpretation – showing the new ideas of theatre interpretation – breaking down the barrier between audience and breaking down the barrier between audience and actor.actor.

Purpose was to question the nature of theatre.Purpose was to question the nature of theatre.

Page 5: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

The actor's first duty is to grasp the fact The actor's first duty is to grasp the fact that nobody here wants to give him that nobody here wants to give him

anything; instead they plan to take a lot anything; instead they plan to take a lot from him, to take away that to which he is from him, to take away that to which he is

usually very attached: his resistance, usually very attached: his resistance, reticence, his inclination to hide behind reticence, his inclination to hide behind

masks, his masks, his half-heartednesshalf-heartedness, the , the obstacles his body places in the way of obstacles his body places in the way of his creative act, his habits and even his his creative act, his habits and even his

usual "good manners".usual "good manners".

Jerzy Grotowski’s 9Jerzy Grotowski’s 9thth principle. principle.

Page 6: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Poor TheatrePoor Theatre

Probably where Jerzy Grotowski is best known.Probably where Jerzy Grotowski is best known.

Poor theatre is Poor theatre is notnot a theatre form or style, it is a theatre form or style, it is a method and methodology of actor preparation a method and methodology of actor preparation – like Stanislavski’s system (style Realism)– like Stanislavski’s system (style Realism)

Wanted there to be a shift from theatre as a Wanted there to be a shift from theatre as a competitor and return it to simple roots – actor competitor and return it to simple roots – actor + audience.+ audience.

Page 7: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Poor TheatrePoor Theatre Actors trained very rigorously and were put Actors trained very rigorously and were put

through very physical activities to gain total through very physical activities to gain total control. control.

Grotowski stripped away anything that was Grotowski stripped away anything that was not necessary in the preparation of a not necessary in the preparation of a performance – rehearsal blacks were worn, performance – rehearsal blacks were worn, sets were taken away so the focus was on sets were taken away so the focus was on the actor not the ‘image’.the actor not the ‘image’.

Poor theatre is about elimination – learn by Poor theatre is about elimination – learn by eliminating the barriers to learning, produce eliminating the barriers to learning, produce art by eliminating unnecessary things, art by eliminating unnecessary things, engage audience by eliminating social taboo.engage audience by eliminating social taboo.

Page 8: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Poor TheatrePoor Theatre

Grotowski believed that a highly trained actor Grotowski believed that a highly trained actor was sacred.was sacred.

One of the key figures in developing political One of the key figures in developing political theatre in the 20theatre in the 20thth century – political and social century – political and social themes in productions.themes in productions.

There are 10 principles for actors to follow in There are 10 principles for actors to follow in Grotowski’s actor preparation.Grotowski’s actor preparation.

Grotowski eventually ended up being Grotowski eventually ended up being propositioned by some of the most prominent propositioned by some of the most prominent companies. He refused.companies. He refused.

Page 9: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Poor TheatrePoor Theatre

Grotowski’s aims.Grotowski’s aims. Eliminate, not teach something (Via Eliminate, not teach something (Via

Negativa).Negativa). Enhance that which already exists.Enhance that which already exists. Create all that is needed for the play in the Create all that is needed for the play in the

actor's body, with little use of props.actor's body, with little use of props. Promote rigorous physical and vocal Promote rigorous physical and vocal

training of actorstraining of actors Avoid the beautiful if it does not foster truthAvoid the beautiful if it does not foster truth

Page 10: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Change focus.Change focus.

Page 11: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Movement TheoryMovement Theory

Meyerhold and Laban (remember him???)Meyerhold and Laban (remember him???)

Page 12: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Vsevolod MeyerholdVsevolod Meyerhold Developer of Biomechanics – for dance and Developer of Biomechanics – for dance and

theatre training during the 20’s and 30’s.theatre training during the 20’s and 30’s.

Forced underground after Meyerholds Forced underground after Meyerholds execution, emerging semi-secretly in the 70’s.execution, emerging semi-secretly in the 70’s.

Biomechanics links "purely" physical training Biomechanics links "purely" physical training and the application of that physical work to and the application of that physical work to concerns specific to acting. concerns specific to acting.

Page 13: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Meyerhold’s BiomechanicsMeyerhold’s Biomechanics

Begins with physical training designed to hone the Begins with physical training designed to hone the actors physical instrument.actors physical instrument.

Each activity requires the actor in training to have a Each activity requires the actor in training to have a relationship to the space they are in, the actors in their relationship to the space they are in, the actors in their troupe and their own ‘inner’.troupe and their own ‘inner’.

Exercises are designed to expand and deepen the Exercises are designed to expand and deepen the actors awareness of what the body is capable of. actors awareness of what the body is capable of. Assists with creating role.Assists with creating role.

If the tip of the nose works, the whole body If the tip of the nose works, the whole body works."works." V. E. MeyerholdV. E. Meyerhold

Page 14: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Meyerhold’s BiomechanicsMeyerhold’s Biomechanics VOCABULARY OF MOVEMENT bVOCABULARY OF MOVEMENT beegins with gins with

ExcitabilityExcitability. . ExcitabilityExcitability

Excitability is the ability to realize in feelingExcitability is the ability to realize in feeling, , movements and words a task which is prescribed movements and words a task which is prescribed externally. externally.

The coordinated manifistations of excitability together The coordinated manifistations of excitability together constitute the actor's performance. Each separate constitute the actor's performance. Each separate manifistation comprises an manifistation comprises an acting cycleacting cycle. . Each Each acting cycleacting cycle comprises three invariable stages: comprises three invariable stages:

1. INTENTION 1. INTENTION 2. REALIZATION 2. REALIZATION 3. REACTION 3. REACTION

Page 15: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Rudolph LabanRudolph Laban Laban Movement analysis is a way of Laban Movement analysis is a way of

classifying and talking about movement.classifying and talking about movement.

Very useful in character development and Very useful in character development and creation creation – helps to create justification for movement.– helps to create justification for movement.

Widely used by dancers, athletes, actors, Widely used by dancers, athletes, actors, physical therapists and, believe it or not, physical therapists and, believe it or not, animation and robotics specialists.animation and robotics specialists.

Page 16: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

EffortEffort

Eight combinations of space, weight and time are – Float, Punch, Glide, Slash, Dab, Wring, Flick and Press. All movement can fall into these categories or Efforts.

Page 17: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

ShapeShape Modes of shape change are – Shape Flow Modes of shape change are – Shape Flow

(relationship of body to itself), Directional (body is (relationship of body to itself), Directional (body is directed to an environment – spoke like and arc like), directed to an environment – spoke like and arc like), Carving (relationship where body is 3dimensionally Carving (relationship where body is 3dimensionally interacting with an environment – miming an imaginary interacting with an environment – miming an imaginary object, wringing a towel, kneading bread dough)object, wringing a towel, kneading bread dough)

Shape quality describes the way the body changes Shape quality describes the way the body changes toward a point in environment - toward a point in environment - Opening (growing Opening (growing larger with more extension) or Closing (growing larger with more extension) or Closing (growing smaller with more flexion). smaller with more flexion).

Shape flow support – how the torso changes to Shape flow support – how the torso changes to support the movements. support the movements.

Page 18: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Space Space

Connection with the environmentConnection with the environment Kinesphere: the area that the body is moving Kinesphere: the area that the body is moving

within and how the mover is paying attention to within and how the mover is paying attention to it.it.

Spatial Intention: the directions or points in Spatial Intention: the directions or points in space that the mover is identifying or using.space that the mover is identifying or using.

Geometrical observations of where the Geometrical observations of where the movement is being done, in terms of emphasis movement is being done, in terms of emphasis of directions, places in space, planar of directions, places in space, planar movement, etc.movement, etc.

Page 19: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

……to think about.to think about.

Keep thinking about different approaches to Keep thinking about different approaches to theatre and how they are useful to you.theatre and how they are useful to you.

We are considering different ways of moving We are considering different ways of moving and how these are relevant to youand how these are relevant to you

Use these approaches to give direction to your Use these approaches to give direction to your performance movement but also consider their performance movement but also consider their approaches when writing exam responses i.e. approaches when writing exam responses i.e. the justification of movement.the justification of movement.

These theorists can inspire you in your solo These theorists can inspire you in your solo creation but can also be used as prep in your creation but can also be used as prep in your practical exam (great for answering questions!)practical exam (great for answering questions!)

Page 20: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

ReferencesReferences http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A7614902http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A7614902 http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/jerzy-grotowski/the-notion-of-ahttp://www.spiritus-temporis.com/jerzy-grotowski/the-notion-of-a

-%27poor%27-theatre.html-%27poor%27-theatre.html http://owendaly.com/jeff/grotows2.htmhttp://owendaly.com/jeff/grotows2.htm http://http://web.syr.edu/~kjbaum/meyerholdsbiomechanics.htmlweb.syr.edu/~kjbaum/meyerholdsbiomechanics.html http://http://www.unet.com.mk/mian/english.htmwww.unet.com.mk/mian/english.htm http://www.vtheatre.net/thr/act.htmlhttp://www.vtheatre.net/thr/act.html is.muni.cz/el/1421/jaro2008/DVT058/Mejerchold.doc?is.muni.cz/el/1421/jaro2008/DVT058/Mejerchold.doc?

fakulta=1421;obdobi=3704;kod=DVT058fakulta=1421;obdobi=3704;kod=DVT058 http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~trott/courses/dra3015s/meyerholhttp://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~trott/courses/dra3015s/meyerhol

.html.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laban_Movement_Analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laban_Movement_Analysis http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Laban-Movement-http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Laban-Movement-

AnalysisAnalysis

Page 21: Theorists to think about -Ways to prepare- Movement Ms Leah Stewart Unit 3A/B Drama Year 12

Ms Leah StewartMs Leah Stewart

[email protected]@det.wa.edu.au

[email protected]@mindarie.wa.edu.au

Tel - 9304 5866Tel - 9304 5866

This resource will be on Moodle soon. This resource will be on Moodle soon. (Once I can add you all.)(Once I can add you all.)