there are two main kinds of polymers. type 1: addition polymers each small molecule adds to the end...
DESCRIPTION
Instead any two molecules can react at any time. Each end of the molecule reacts in turn forming dimers, trimers etc.TRANSCRIPT
There are two main kinds of polymers.
Type 1: Addition Polymers
Each small molecule adds to the end ofa growing chain. Polyethylene is an example
Type 2: Condensation Polymers
Monomer units come together with the eliminationof some small molecule (often water).Polyesters and nylons are examples
Condensation Polymers
Also called “Step-Growth Polymers”
Their synthesis does not involve a chainreaction.
Instead any two molecules can react atany time.
Instead any two molecules can react atany time.
Each end of the molecule reacts in turn forming dimers, trimers etc.
Nylons - Polyamides
HNH
O
OH
6-aminohexanoic acid
HNH
O
O
Hzwitter ion
heat - H2O
NH
N
O
H O
NH O
NHO n
Nylon 6 A polyamide
HNH
HNH
O
OH O
OH
+
heat - H2O
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
nNylon 66
+HNH
HNH
Cl
OCl
O
- HCl
O
NH
NH
O
O
NH
NH
On
Nylon 6-10
In the lab
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
ON
ONH
NH HO
ONH
NH
O
Supramolecular Structure is Important
Hydrogen bonds hold the nylon chains together
O
O
H
O
O
HN N
H
H
H
H
+
heat - H2O
NN
H
HN
O
O
NN
H
H
O
OH
O
NN
H
HN
O
O
NN
H
H
O
OH
O
Kevlar - Helmets - Bullet Proof Vests
O
ON
H
HH
O
ON
H
H
Hglycine zwitter ion
O
ONH
ON
H
H
H
glycylglycine
O
ONH
ONH
ON
H
H
H
glycylglycylglycine
O
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
Nylon 2 - the simplest protein
O
OH3N
glycine alanine
O
OH3N
CH3
O
OH3N
OH
serine
O
OH3N
SH
cysteine
There are 20 principle amino acids
O
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH
ONH R R R R R R
RR R R R R
Protein - 20 different R groups
Polyesters
O
O CH3
O
O
CH3
OOH
H+
dimethyl terephtalate ethyleneglycol
heat - CH3OH
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Dacron
heat - CH3OH
ethyleneglycoldimethyl terephtalate
+ OOH
HO
O CH3
O
O
CH3
OOH
H
OH
+
glycerol
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Cross linked
OHHO
+O
ClCl
- HCl
phosgene
OO
O
O OO
O
O
O
Lexan n
Starch
-glucose
Polyether
DNA
DNA