Smart antenna are antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms used to identify the direction of arrival of signal and to calculate beam forming vectors to track and locate the antenna beam on the target.

There are very few techniques proposedtoday, which are able to improve radio networkperformance dramatically- Spatial processing- Multi-user detection- Channel reuse based on polarization - Advanced network controlSpatial processing is among them and can be effectively combined with others techniques….

What is smart antenna?

• To maximize the antenna gain in the desired direction

• To minimize the gain in directions of interferers

• To Reduce path losses• Overall performances of network

AIM OF ANY RF ANTENNA

WHY SMART ANTENNA ARRAYS..? Higher Capacity Higher Coverage Higher bit rate Improved link quality Spectral efficiency Mobility

Smart Antenna Technology: Benfactors

Network capacity, coverage, less internetwork interference, filling “dead spots”, fewer BSs,QoS,new services...

New market for more advanced BSs, flexible radio network control...

Higher QoS, more reliable, secure communication, new services, longer battery life...

Operator

OEM

User

Smart Antenna Technology:Motivation

- Interference cancellation at the up and down links

- SNR improvement due to antenna gain

- Multipath fading mitigation

capacity

coverage

Quality of service(QoS), bit rate, mobility rate

Link level improvements System improvements

Smart Antenna Propagation

1) Phased arrey system•Use a number of fixed beams•Select one of several beams to enhance receive signals

2) adaptive array system•Be able to change its antenna pattern dynamically

Broadcast channels control with SA

MSC

BSBS

WLL

LOSS

MSC

BS

NoLOSS

Different propagation environment

Urban area

Less density area

Working principle Work With multiple antennas at both ends of a radio link..

Channel capacity grows linearly with number of antennas by sending different messages on each antenna with same carrier frequency8 antennas yield 8 times the capacity

If send same message on each antennaThen we get only the power gain of the antenna array, and Capacity grows only logarithmically with the number of antennas8 antennas yield 3 times the capacity

SA Integration into Cellular Networks

Smart Ant. Tech.

Network Planning

- Capacity, coverage, interference planning- Joint fixed and radio network optimization, planning- System upgrade, economical issues

Network control- Resource management - call control

Radio Interface

Receiver structure,Tx, Rx algorithms

- Spatial proc.- Time domain proc.- Coding- Detection- Diversity- ………..

Air Interface- Multiple access- Duplexing- Modulation- Framing- Availability of pilots

DSP tech.

SWRadio

Radio NetworkManagement

Link level control

- Power Control - Quality Control- Tracking

Cell control- admission control- broadcast channel control- handover control- macro-diversity control

Services -> MS location

3G

2.5G

2G

1G

1G- analog systems2G- digital systems 2.5G- digital+packet +.. (GPRS,..)3G - W-CDMA4G- cellular+ gigabit WLAN

4G

Smart Antennas in Mobile Communications on the Globe

Radio Design AB (SW)

NMT-450

TSUNAMI-SUNBEAM-SATURN/METRA Projects (EU)

ArrayComm (USA)- installations in WLL - tests for GSM 1800

Metawave (USA)Commercially availableIntelliCellSwitched Beam System

ARPA (USA )/GloMo project

Raytheon (USA)Commercially available Adaptive Smart Antenna System

Ericsson (SW) first system system solution with SA GSM (commercially available)

“ IntelliWave” Wireless Local Loop System

NTT DoCoMo(Japan)

Testbed for UTRA

GigabitWireless(USA)WLL

UMTS …

Conventional Antennas & Arrays

Antenna

Top View

Antenna Array

Top View

Omnidirectional Sectorized

- Sectorization

- Macro-diversity with: * Combining (MRC,IRC)

* Prefiltering/Coding (Trx. Coding, V-BLAST,...)

- Beamforming (BF) Switched-beam Smart Antenna Adaptive beamforming

Spatial Processing Approaches

Macro-diversity

Switched-beam ant. Adaptive BF

Sectorization

SNR CCI Diversity ISI Time domain diversity

Improved Parameters

BS MS

Beamforming

=

Ways & Effect of Smart Antenna

Interference Rejection Comparison

Desired Signals

Co-channel Interfering Signals

Spatial Filtering for Interference Reduction (SFIR)

A simple example Design a beamformer with unit response at 600 and nulls at 00, -300,

-750

SDMA• Spatial Division Multiple Access Uses an array of antennas to provide control of space by providing virtual channels in an angle domain

SDMA (Space Division Multiple Access)

USAGE OF SMART Antenna

Applications to:• Cellular and wireless networks • Radar • Electronic warfare (EWF) as a

countermeasure to electronic jamming • Satellite systems

Advantage of Smart Antenna

- Improvement in SNR due to beamforming/combining array gain. (Improved coverage. )

- Reduced ISI.

- Enhanced spatial diversity. Path diversity.

- Interference cancellation. In Trx. and Rx. Capacity.

- Improved transmission rate with link adaptation techniques.

- Low wastage of power

Drawbacks of Smart antenna

Smart Antennas might be not very smart (Complexity) Integrated but relatively simple system design can provide considerable improvement with low level of complexity

Cost is one of the major factor in Smart Antenna approach

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTTHANKS TO

Hasan Mohammad Mehdi

• 060909

Md.

Ikr

a

m

H

oss

a

in

• 060918

Md. Monzur Rahman

• 050931

THANKS TO ALLFOR

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