Thermal Hydrolysis of Biosolids &

BNR/Digester Enhancement

PRESENTED BY: Rick Mosher & Ajay Singh

Content

• The Company, Experience & Technology

• System and Operational Aspects

• Anaerobic Digester & BNR Enhancement

• Agricultural Applications

• Summary

The Company, Experience

& Technology

Lystek - The Company

• Utilizing biosolids & other organics resources by processing through on- and off-site solutions:

- Producing Enhanced treated / Class A EQ product

- Improving WWTP processes utilizing Lystek’s hydrolyzed product

• Developed at University of Waterloo, Canada in year 2000

• Experienced management team in the organic waste management, wastewater industry, agriculture and marketing

• Ownership: Management & RW Tomlinson, Ottawa (>1000 employees, billion dollar (+) corp. = financial strength & backing)

Who Uses Lystek Now?

Location Guelph St. Marys

Southgate Iroquois Elora North Battleford

Status 2008 2010

2012

2012

2014

2014 Fall

Capacity (WT/Y)

18,000 3,500 150,000 20,000 3,500 3,500

Location On site On site Off site Off site On site On site

Ownership Guelph St Marys Lystek DES/Third High Farms

Centre Wellington

North Battleford

Solution Design Build License

Design Tech License

Design Build Own Operate

Design Build License

Design Build License

Design Build License Product Market

Serving Cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Peterborough, Oakville, Burlington, and Regions of Waterloo and Halton…and several other communities.

Lystek Technology – Overview • Low Temperature Physical Chemical Hydrolysis Technology

- A back-end solution, installed after dewatering

• Produces a multi-purpose, hydrolysed product for:

- Anaerobic Digester Enhancement

• Improve biogas yields by >30%

• Reduce biosolids volumes by >20%

- BNR System Enhancement – a cost effective, alternative carbon source

- Liquid biofertilizer – CFIA registered (Canada) / Enhanced treated (UK)/ Class A EQ (USA) – high organic matter & NPK – interest and demand from farm sector is exceptionally high

Technical/Scientific Basis

• Cell disintegration & hydrolysis of complex organic molecules into simpler compounds

• Process makes the residual recalcitrant volatile solids in digested

biosolids more amenable to further biodegradation when re-fed to anaerobic digester = “LysteMize”

• Hydrolyzed product provides readily available organics for AD and BNR

system + nutrients for soil/plants

• Product contains >40% of the TCOD as SCOD

• Product contains 10-fold higher VFA as compared to standard, biosolids cake

Lystek vs. Typical Thermal Hydrolysis Items Typical Thermal Hydrolysis Lystek Hyrdrolysis

Technology High temperature, high pressure hydrolysis

Low temperature, high shear, physical-chemical hydrolysis

Process condition

160-170oC for 20 - 60 min @ 100 - 130 psi, multiple steps

70-75oC, 45 min, pH 9.5–10.0, high shear, atm. Press., one step

Heat source High pressure steam boiler Low pressure steam boiler or CHP

Installation Prior to anaerobic digestion, interferes with existing WWTP processes

After anaerobic digestion and dewatering, no interference with existing WWTP processes

Side stream / residues

High N centrate from first stage dewatering - extensive treatment

None

Dewatering Two stage: pre- and post-AD One stage conventional after AD

Footprint Large Small

Capital cost High Low

Lystek Process - Simple PFD

SOLID

FEEDSTOCK

HOPPER

BRIDGE

Nothing wasted .. Everything to gain. _______ _

DEWATERED

BIOSOLIDS

-I PROGRESSIVE

CAVI"TY PUMP

HIGH SPEED

MIXER

MIXING

TANK

PRODUCT

PUMP

ALKALI

.-----------I+,

STORAGE 7

ALKALI

STORAGE

TANK

LysteGroTM Product

• Homogeneous liquid/ high solid (15-19%) product

• Viscosity <5,000 cP • Fully pumpable using

conventional liquid equipment

• Enhanced treated,

pathogen-free / Class A EQ • Nutrient rich (NPK 4:3:2) • Long-term storage stability • No pathogen regrowth • Huge demand from the

agricultural sector

System

& Operational

Aspects

On-Site Facility (Post Dewatering)

25,000 WT facility/ 95 sq. m. (1000 sq. ft.)

Nothing wasted .. Everything to gain. - ------------------,'

Regional Facility (Off-Site)

Southgate, Ontario - 150,000 WT/year

Nothing wasted .. Everything to gain. - ------------------,'

Regional Facility

Lystek Reactor –10 WT/h Nothing wasted .. Everything to gain. ___ _

Regional Facility

Low pressure boiler Biofilter for odour control

Lined & Covered Storage Lagoons

Operations

• Small footprint

- 95 sq. m. (1000 sq. ft.) - 25,000 WT / 230 sq. m. (2500 sq. ft.) - 100,000 WT

• Installation:

- Simple equipment, quick installation, modular system

- No high temperature / pressure vessels required

• Operations

- Simple, fully automated SCADA control

- Low maintenance

• Labour

- Minimum operator attention,

- <2 man hours per day

Operational Parameters

• Power input (pumps/mixer)

- 52-58 KWH per dry ton

- High speed shear

• KOH/NaOH input (45-50% solution)

- 80-90 kg (175-195 lbs)/dry ton to pH 9.5-10.0

• Temperature

• 70-75oC / 158-167oF / 30 min / Class A regime

• Natural gas

- Low pressure steam boiler or CHP heat source

- 13-15m3 natural gas per dry ton

Strict Odour Control

• Totally enclosed facility – feedstock material receiving and processing area, enclosed reactors, air handling and odor abatement train

• Storage: enclosed storage tanks, covered lagoons

• The product: stable, homogeneous, reduced odor, no pathogen regrowth, limited exposure to air

• Transport: enclosed tanker vehicles

• Land application: sub-surface injection

Performance Indicators

• Biosolids feedstock input

- Anaerobically or aerobically digested biosolids

- Undigested sludge & source separated organics

- Solids 1% to 35% @ 15-19% solids level in the reactor

• Re-feeding hydrolysed product into anaerobic digesters - Up to 50% of the product can be re-fed into digesters - >30% more biogas yield potential - >20% additional VS breakdown after re-feeding

• Re-feeding hydrolysed product into BNR - Up to 30% of the product can be re-fed into BNR - Replaces commercial methanol or glycerol

Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential

Biosolids management scenarios GHG Estimate (Mg CO2 eq. / 100 DT AD biosolids eq.)

Landfill 297 to 335

Incineration - 23 to 224

Heat drying 51 to 71

Compost 6 to 34

Land application (Class B cake) - 40

Lystek AD biosolids to land - 49

Lystek, 30% recycle to AD, electricity production, rest to land

- 47

Lystek, 30% recycle to AD, heat production, rest to land

- 63

BEAM Model 1.1

Anaerobic Digester

& BNR Enhancement

LysteMize - Digester & BNR Optimization

Sewage

Nothing wasted.

HEADWORKS

lyslek Recyde loBNA

lystek 8iosolids for Beneficial Reuse on Agricultural

Land

Everything to gain. _______ _

tnlemal Recirculation

Retum Activated Sludge

Dn.m Thickener

SECONDARY CLARIFIERS

Dlgesl'" S~lanl

CENTRIFUGE SECONDARY

DIGESTER

lystek Recycle to Pnmasy Digester

PRIMARY DIGESTER

UV DISINFECTION

Waste Activated

ROTARY DRUM

THICKENER

Final E1fIuent

Digester and BNR System Enhancement

• Improved biogas yields in Anaerobic digester

- Independent lab studies at Canadian and the US Universities and onsite pilot tests have shown potential of re-feeding Lystek biosolids to anaerobic digester

- Lystek processed biosolids are 50-60% further biodegradable

- 30-50% more biogas potential with Lystek product

• Carbon source Enhanced BNR system

- Independent lab studied have indicated potential of Lystek biosolids as carbon source in BNR system

- Lystek biosolids shows equal or higher specific denitrification rates (SDNR) (mg NOx-N/mg VSS) compared to conventional glycerol, methanol or acetic acid

Agricultural Applications

Value of the LysteGroTM Fertilizer

• Balanced agricultural nutrient source, fertilizer value

$90- $100/1000 gal

• N-P2O5-K2O = 30-35-30 lbs/1000 gal, in the year of

application

• S 15 lbs/1000 gal, Ca 45 lbs/1000 gal and other micronutrients such as Cu, Zn, B, Mg etc.

• Application rates = 3000 – 4000 gal/acre

• Organic matter = ~5%

LysteGro vs. Chemical Fertilizer Trial

With LysteGro - ear leaf strong color

With Chemical Fertilizer – ear leaf firing

LysteGro vs. Chemical Fertilizer Trial

Tassel stage - leaves yellowing due to lack of available N & K

Tassel stage - strong leaf color - critical stage of development

Summary

of Beneficial Applications

One System = Multiple Benefits

Produce a Class A EQ Fertilizer Product

Optimize Digesters & BNR systems

Advanced Technology & Benefits • Lystek System

- Low capital cost - Small foot print - modular system – easy to expand

- Minimum operator attention – Fully automated / SCADA

- Simple to operate, easy to maintain – standard equipment, low pressure steam, no heat exchangers

- No side centrate or waste stream for further treatment

- Flexible, back-end solution (after dewatering) - no interferences

- Can be paired with (other), existing, pre-treatment processes

- Multi-use end product

• Strong R&D program

- Academic and industrial collaborations for continuous process and product improvement

Thank You

Nothing wasted. Everything to gain.

t: 226-444-0186 e: info@lystek.com w: www.lystek.com s: