Materials researchers are frequently asked to extend the boundaries of what is possible in their industries. To help in this quest, Dynamic Systems Inc. (DSI) has developed a comprehensive line of dynamic thermal-mechanical physical simulators and testing machines.

Whether you need to characterize new materials, optimize existing processes, explore new production techniques, or simulate the conditions of new applications, you will find there is a DSI system that will help you cut costs, shorten development times, and open the door to new ideas, processes and profits.

Every DSI system features a high-speed closed-loop heating system coupled with robust closed-loop mechanical systems and digital control with Windows-based computer software designed to provide an extremely user-friendly interface to prepare test programs, control the thermal and mechanical systems, and to collect data.

Whatever your goal, there is a DSI system that will help you extend the reach of your investigations and provide the state-of-the-art tools required for today’s modern laboratory.

Gleeble Systems®

Thermal-Mechanical Simulator Solutions Guide

info@Gleeble.com | www.Gleeble.com | +1 (518) 283-5350

Pioneering Thermal Mechanical Simulation for over 50 years.

A Complete Line of Systems to Advance the State of the Art in Material and Processing Research

Gleeble Systems: The Standard for Thermal-Mechanical Simulators

Gleeble systems are available in several models, each with a wide variety of available options and configurations. This flexibility allows the tailoring of a Gleeble system to meet your exact testing requirements. Available options include a variety of transducers, load cells, contact and non-contact/optical extensometers, infrared pyrometers, quench systems, jaws, grips and vacuum systems.

The most popular machines are the Gleeble 3180, Gleeble 3500 and Gleeble 3800. Mobile Conversion Units (MCUs) are available for 3500 and 3800 series which provide application specific capabilities. MCUs include the Hydrawedge II, MAXStrain II, Hot Torsion System and the new Large Sample Strip Annealing Simulation system. Gleeble units can also be modified to conduct testing in synchrotron beam lines and can be equipped with a Laser Ultrasonic Measurement System for real-time microstructure monitoring.

DSI also manufacturers the ISO-Q Quenching and Deformation Dilatometer specifically designed to generate CCT and TTT diagrams and study phase transformation kinetics.

DSI offers the HDS-V40, a highly specialized machine used to simulate direct rolling, from the continuous caster to the end of the hot rolling process, all in one continuous sequence.

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The Gleeble 3500 is the industry standard for thermal mechanical physical simulation. With its high-speed heating and wide range of mechanical capabilities the Gleeble 3500 is ideal for weld HAZ simulations, nil-strength, thermal cycles, heat treatment studies, low force tests, and hot tensile tests as well as high-speed compression and tension testing, multi-hit hot deformation tests, melting and solidification, and strip annealing.

Gleeble 3500

The Gleeble 3800 is the most powerful Gleeble available with a mechanical system capable of exerting as much as 20 tons of

static force in compression or 10 tons in tension. This system can be equipped for the same applications as a Gleeble 3500,

however it is particularly well suited for high-speed, multi-hit hot deformation simulations. The additional force available with this

model provides the ability to test larger samples, stronger materials, and at lower temperatures.

Gleeble 3800

The Gleeble 3180 provides a physical simulation system for researchers who require the quality and accuracy of a Gleeble

system on a more affordable scale. The Gleeble 3180 is ideal for weld HAZ simulations, hot tensile tests, thermal cycles, heat

treatment studies and low force tests.

Gleeble 3180

Performance Parameters Gleeble 3180 Gleeble 3500 Gleeble 3800Maximum Heating Rate 8,000°C/sec 10,000°C/sec 10,000°C/secMaximum Quenching Rate 10,000°C/sec 10,000°C/sec 10,000°C/secMaximum Stroke 100 mm 100 mm 125 mmMaximum Stroke Rate 1,000 mm/sec 1,000 mm/sec 2,000 mm/secMinimum Stroke Rate .01 mm/sec .01 to .001 mm/sec* .001 mm/sec* Maximum Force 8 tons 10 tons 20 tonsMaximum Specimen Size 12mm diameter 20mm diameter 20mm diameter

* Performance parameters will vary based on configuration. Contact DSI for exact performance details.

Materials Testing

• Hot/warm tensile testing on a wide variety of specimen geometries • Hot/warm compression testing – Uniaxial compression – Plane strain compression – Strain Induced Crack Opening (SICO) • Stress vs. Strain curves • Melting and solidification • Nil strength testing • Hot ductility testing • Thermal cycling/heat treatment • Dilatometry/phase transformation – During heating or cooling – Continuous or non-continuous – Isothermal – Post deformation • Stress relaxation studies • Creep/stress rupture • Fatigue – Thermal fatigue – Thermal/mechanical fatigue

Process Simulation

• Continuous casting • Mushy zone processing • Hot rolling • Forging • Extrusion • Weld HAZ cycles • Upset butt welding • Diffusion bonding • Continuous strip annealing • Heat treating • Quenching • Powder metallurgy/sintering • Synthesis (SHS)

Thermal Cycles and Heat Treatments: Many different grips are available to support uniform temperature zones and a variety of specimen configurations. Other grips can be used to provide thermal gradients in the specimen for weld HAZ and process simulation.

ISO-T Flow Stress Compression Testing: ISO-T flow stress compression anvils provide a uniform temperature distribution throughout the compression specimen during single and multiple-hit deformation tests.

Melting and Solidification: Melting and solidification can be performed in-situ. Thermal and mechanical testing of the as-cast structure can then be performed.

Strain Induced Crack Opening (SICO) Procedure: The SICO procedure is a quick and cost-effective method for thermomechanical process optimization.

Hot/Warm Deformation: Shown above is a plane strain compression test. In single or multiple hit compression tests, strain and strain rate are controlled separately yet synchronously using the optional Hydrawedge II.

Strip Annealing Process Simulation: Both batch and continuous annealing processes can be simulated using a strip annealing jaw system.

APPLICATIONS

Hydrawedge II: The Ultimate Tool for Optimizing Hot Rolling and Forging Processes

For researchers who wish to optimize multiple-hit, high-speed deformations — including multi-stand rolling mills and multi-hit forging processes — the Hydrawedge II offers excellent physical simulation capabilities. Available as a stand-alone machine or as an option for a Gleeble system, the Hydrawedge II is the only commercially available machine that offers the capability to perform high-speed deformation simulations with complete simultaneous independent control of both strain and strain rate. Through its patented technology, the Hydrawedge II delivers test results without strain overshoot or strain rate deceleration, either one of which can reduce the validity of the simulation. The Hydrawedge II control software allows the system to be programmed like a rolling mill schedule. Enter soaking times and temperatures, rolling temperature, interpass time, controlled cooling time, and strain rate and amount of strain for each stand; the software then calculates and programs how to run that schedule on the Hydrawedge II.

Plane strain compression test. In single or multiple-hit compression tests, strain and strain rate are controlled separately yet synchronously using the optional Hydrawedge II.

Power meets precision. The Hydrawedge II offers unsurpassed capability to simulate high-speed deformation.

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Computer Systems: Powerful, easy to use software provides extensive control and analysis

Gleeble Systems come equipped with control and data analysis software, including the Series 3 Digital Control System, which controls thermal and mechanical functions. QuikSim2 software is a user-friendly interface enabling Gleeble operators to program and control the system as well as collect test data.

Additionally, robust data analysis software is included making it easier than ever to generate and analyze data.

• Simultaneous thermal and mechanical control• Manual and/or computer control• Smooth transitions in mechanical control mode• Measurement units easily configured by user• High-speed data acquisition• Test progress readout via Virtual Panel Meters (VPMs) • Capable of system variable adjustments while a test is running

QuikSim 2 SoftwareSeries 3 Digital Control• User friendly interface for programming the Series 3 Digital Control • Independent workstation with full windows multitasking during testing• Highly flexible • Fast set-up times allow users to run more tests in less time• Password protection• Arbitrary waveform generation• Three programming methods available: – Table form (fill in the blanks) – Deformation Control Software (option for sequential multiple hit deformation) – Gleeble Script Language (GSL) for maximum versatility

Data Processing• Powerful and flexible data processing• Publication quality data plots and graphs• Save considerable time when doing repetitive work with user created templates • Built-in mathematical functions• Automatic data file loading, ‘Copy & Paste” or link data to other applications

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Features Include:• Rapid, uniform direct resistance heating of samples • In-situ quenching (air, water or mist) of the test specimen at any point in the test • Ability to apply controlled tension or compression axially during torsion• Torsion tests conducted with full axial restraint or no axial restraint• High-speed hydraulic torque motor for rapid strain rate changes• Free coupler for higher acceleration speeds• Tests may be performed in vacuum (10¯² torr), inert gas or air (Atmosphere tank is included, vacuum pumps are optional)• Includes specimen furnace to minimize temperature gradients

The Hot Torsion Mobile Conversion Unit (MCU) adds world-class hot torsion testing capability to the Gleeble 3500 and 3800 Systems. Capable of applying torque up to 100 Nm (50 Nm standard configuration), The Hot Torsion System is the first commercially available torsion system to incorporate direct resistance heating.

The model 35050 Hot Torsion Testing MCU uses a roll-on/roll-off design which allows the base Gleeble 3500C and 3800 to be easily converted to a hot torsion testing configuration.

Hot Torsion Mobile Conversion Unit: High-Speed Thermal Capacity with Tension & Compression

MAXStrain II:Multi-Axis Hot Deformation System, A Research Tool for Making Ultrafine-Grain and Nano Materials

The MAXStrain II multi-axis hot deformation system is a unique research tool that can subject materials to virtually unlimited strain under precise control of strain, strain rate, and temperature.

The system restrains specimens lengthwise while allowing unlimited deformation in the other two dimensions. As a result, very high strain levels can be introduced into specimens to produce a sample of ultrafine-grain or nanoscale material that is large enough for subsequent properties testing.

The MAXStrain II system can be used on ferrous and non-ferrous materials.

Because the MAXStrain II provides unparalleled, accurate control of all parameters, it offers a high degree of reproducibility. Researchers quickly and precisely create materials in the laboratory under well controlled mechanical and thermal conditions.

Ultrafine-grain steel specimen Close up view of MAXStrain II anvil system Deformation of specimen at high temperature

• User friendly interface for programming the Series 3 Digital Control • Independent workstation with full windows multitasking during testing• Highly flexible • Fast set-up times allow users to run more tests in less time• Password protection• Arbitrary waveform generation• Three programming methods available: – Table form (fill in the blanks) – Deformation Control Software (option for sequential multiple hit deformation) – Gleeble Script Language (GSL) for maximum versatility

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LUMet: Laser-Ultrasonic Measurement For Real-Time Microstructure Monitoring

The ISO-Q - Quenching and Deformation Dilatometer is designed specifically to generate CCT and TTT diagrams as well as study phase transformation kinetics for use in computer modeling and process simulations. The system can be operated as a quenching dilatometer with or without deformation.

This unique system is capable of heating rates up to 4500°C/s and cooling rates up to 3000°C/s. The available servo hydraulic mechanical system makes it possible to achieve deformation rates from 0.01 mm/s to 200 mm/s in single or multiple hits.

Windows-based software is used for control, data acquisition, data analysis and CCT diagram development. The system can be programmed to run almost any type of mathematical function for both thermal and mechanical control.

When operated as a quenching dilatometer, a tubular or solid specimen is heated with direct resistance and cooled by gas, gas+water mist, or water stream at different rates in any programmed combination of heating, holding and cooling. Any number of heating cycles, cooling cycles and isothermal holds may be incorporated in the program.

When operated as a deformation dilatometer, a solid specimen is used to measure phase transformations after deformation. The specimen can be compressed in any sequence of heating, cooling and multiple hit deformations.

The effects of stress and deformation on phase transformation kinetics can be studied by using crosswise and lengthwise transducers at the same time. Phase transformation measurements are made along isothermal planes that are maintained during high heating and cooling rates.

ISO Q Vacuum Tank

It is now possible to monitor metallic microstructures in real time, in-situ, and at high temperatures while conducting physical simulations. The LUMet system provides unprecedented capabilities by allowing observation of the internal physical state of a specimen during Gleeble tests.

Researchers can gather in-situ information on:• recrystallization • phase transformations• grain growth • elastic constants• grain size • texture

By providing better measurements in real-time, LUMet offers the potential to substan-tially shorten the time required to solve metallurgical problems involving materials or processes.

How It Works: The LUMet system generates and detects ultrasound pulses in a sample under test with lasers. To generate the ultrasound pulse in the sample, a high-power, short-pulse laser produces light pulses about 10 nanoseconds in duration. Each pulse causes intense pressure on the surface of the sample, and sends an ultrasonic pressure pulse through it.

A laser interferometer measures the tiny amounts of surface displacement caused by the pulse and its subsequent waves back and forth through the sample with sub-nanometer resolution. Based on the measured velocity and attenuation of sound in the medium, researchers can determine grain size and phase mixtures.

Fstart

Pstart

Bstart

Bfinish

Pfinish

Time (sec)

CCT Diagram of A Steel

Ac3=895°C

Ac1=814°C

Ms

1C/s

Fs

Ps

BsBf

Pf

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

900

1000

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pera

ture

(°C)

1 10 100 1000

CCT diagrams can be easily created with provided Windows-based software.

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ISO-Q: Quenching and Deformation Dilatometer

Temperature (°C)

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Dila

tion

(mm

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Dilation Plot

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Heating

Cooling

Gleeble systems are available in several models, each with a wide variety of available options and configurations. This flexibility allows the tailoring of a Gleeble system to meet your exact testing requirements. Available options include a variety of transducers, load cells, contact and non-contact/optical extensometers, infrared pyrometers, quench systems, jaws, grips and vacuum systems.

The most popular machines are the Gleeble 3180, Gleeble 3500 and Gleeble 3800. Mobile Conversion Units (MCUs) are available for 3500 and 3800 series which provide application specific capabilities. MCUs include the Hydrawedge II, MAXStrain II, Hot Torsion System and the new Large Sample Strip Annealing Simulation system. Gleeble units can also be modified to conduct testing in synchrotron beam lines and can be equipped with a Laser Ultrasonic Measurement System for real-time microstructure monitoring.

DSI also manufacturers the ISO-Q Quenching and Deformation Dilatometer specifically designed to generate CCT and TTT diagrams and study phase transformation kinetics.

DSI offers the HDS-V40, a highly specialized machine used to simulate direct rolling, from the continuous caster to the end of the hot rolling process, all in one continuous sequence.

HDS-V40 Direct Rolling Simulator: Unparalleled Technology for Process Development

The HDS-V40 is the only commercially available laboratory system capable of simulating direct rolling, from the continuous caster to the end of the hot rolling process, all in one continuous sequence using a single specimen.

For the first time ever, steel makers can explore the promise of continuous casting and direct rolling (CC-DR) on an affordable, reproducible labora-tory scale. In addition to direct rolling, this system can be used for simulating semi-solid rolling (liquid metal core reduction), plane strain compression, hot rolling and forging.

• Continuous casting – direct rolling, liquid metal core reduction, hot rolling and hot forging simulations• Direct resistance heating for high-speed thermal capability and precise control • Two 40-ton hydraulic systems with exact control of strain and strain rate• Deformation speeds from 1.7 meters/sec to 0.1 mm/sec.• Simulations can be run in air, vacuum or inert gas • Quench in-situ at any time during simulation with gas or water• Eight channels of thermal and mechanical control• Precise digital control system • 16 channels of data acquisition at up to 50,000 samples/sec

Large Sample Strip Annealing MCU Controlled heating and cooling cycles on large sheet samples with large uniform temperature zones

The Gleeble 3500 is the industry standard for thermal mechanical physical simulation. With its high-speed heating and wide range of mechanical capabilities the Gleeble 3500 is ideal for weld HAZ simulations, nil-strength, thermal cycles, heat treatment studies, low force tests, and hot tensile tests as well as high-speed compression and tension testing, multi-hit hot deformation tests, melting and solidification, and strip annealing.

The Large Sample Strip Annealing Mobile Conversion Unit (MCU) is designed to provide controlled heating and cooling cycles on large sheet steel samples for replicating the heating and cooling cycles of sheet annealing processes. The sample size is large enough to provide subsequent properties testing of the material including LDHT and tensile test coupons. The capabilities offered by this new MCU offer valuable tools to researchers and production engineers as they set up new strip annealing lines, optimize existing lines, or efficiently develop new products and processes.

Top view with thermocouples attached to the center of the sample

Grips in open position

Equipped with the following:• Vacuum tank for atmosphere control• Spray heads and valve controls for air/gas quenching of specimens• Quench valve controls are integrated with the Gleeble computer• Pneumatic grips for easy loading/unloading and consistent clamping pressures

Specimen Sizes: Standard specimen length is 254 mm (10 inches) with a width of 127 mm (5 inches) however additional sizes can be used. The size of the uniform temperature zone is dependent on sample dimensions and the nature of the material.

Grips

Grips

254 mm

127 mmLarge Uniform Temperature

Zone

Standard Sample

Weld HAZ Cycles Continuous Casting

Mushy Zone Processing

Hot Rolling

Forging

Extrusion

Upset Butt Welding

Diffusion Bonding

Continuous Strip Annealing

Heat Treating

Quenching

Powder Metallurgy/Sintering

Hot/ Warm Tensile Testing

Hot/ Warm Compression Testing

CCT & CHT

Melting and Solidification

Friction Stir Welding

Pioneering Thermal Mechanical Simulation for over 50 years.

For additional information, please contact us at info@gleeble.com or (518) 283-5350

P.O. Box 1234, 323 Route 355 Poestenkill, NY 12140 USA

(518) 283 - 5350 | Fax: (518) 283 - 3160

Visit us online atwww.Gleeble.com

Specifications are subject to change.All product images are for representation purposes only. Actual products may differ.

“Gleeble”, “MAXStrain” and “Hydrawedge” are registered trademarks of Dynamic Systems Inc.“QuikSim”, “ISO-T”, “ISO-Q” and “LUMet” are trademarks of Dynamic Systems Inc.

©2014 by Dynamic Systems Inc. All rights reserved. v3.14

Process Simulation Capabilities of the Gleeble include:

Hot Torsion

Dilatometry