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1 Warning signs and preventive actions Presented by Peter DeMar Thermal Runaway

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Page 1: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

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Warning signs and preventive actions

Presented by Peter DeMar

Thermal Runaway

Page 2: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Thermal runaway

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If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Page 3: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Thermal runaway

Brand new to the stationary battery industry

Ignorant of thermal runaway disasters

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Page 4: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Thermal runaway

Someone who realizes there are always warning signs 

Knows what they are

Is applying the correct preventive measures

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Page 5: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

What is thermal runaway?

CAUSED BY

Excess of battery charging current 

Produces more internal heat than the battery can dissipate

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Thermal runaway can be detected, prevented and recovered from

Page 6: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Recovery = green benefit

RECOVER a battery from thermal runaway and continue to use it

Reduces carbon footprint for that battery  

GREEN benefit for the environment 

Good for your budget  

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Page 7: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

The monster appears unexpectedly?

“ It occurredwithout       

warning ”

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Page 8: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

The monster appears unexpectedly?

There is ALWAYS an early warning

We just did not understand the signals • They are obvious

• There for many months!

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Page 9: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

What are these early warning signs?

Increase in float current • Starts very slowly 

• Increases over time

• Current through the battery

• Not necessarily = charger meter

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Page 10: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

What are these early warning signs?

Increase in float current • Starts very slowly 

• Increases over time

• Current through the battery

Gradual increase in the temperature differential between cells and ambient   

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Page 11: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

What are these early warning signs?

Increase in float current • Starts very slowly 

• Increases over time

• Current through the battery

Gradual increase in the temperature differential between cells and ambient   

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These two items – when properly checked and tracked – will provide substantial warning so that 

you can take necessary actions to prevent a thermal runaway

Page 12: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

What causes thermal runaway?

Negative plate discharge and sulfation

Increase in float current 

Dry out of cells

Loss of electrolyte  contact through AGM from plate to plate

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= inability of cells to dissipate internally generated excess heat

Page 13: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Preventing thermal runaway

IEEE 1188 standard

Maintain overall float voltage correct for ambient temperature

Track temp. differential between cells and ambient monthly

Track float current monthly

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Contact us for guidance on what “typical”float current should be for your battery

Page 14: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

How to take the measurements

Hand held meters

Monitoring, such as the BEM device

Keep accurate records and keep track of records

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Track readings for the life of the battery

Page 15: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Recovery after thermal runaway

Re‐establish proper saturation

Remove sulfates from the negative plates

Install catalysts

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You can take a structurally intact battery from full‐blown thermal runaway and turn it back into 

a usable and reliable battery

Page 16: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Preventing thermal runaway

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Re‐establish proper saturation

Remove sulfates from the negative plates

Install catalysts

You can prevent thermal runaway by applying these 

actions early

Page 17: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Who and what

Now that the early warning signs of thermal runaway are so easily observed, just who is responsible when it occurs?  

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Page 18: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Who and what

Now that the early warning signs of thermal runaway are so easily observed, just who is responsible when it occurs?  YOU ARE. 

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Page 19: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

Who and what

Now that you understand that there is a means of recovering a battery from thermal runaway• You can be pro‐active instead of re‐active 

• You have time to determine just what actions are best for you 

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Page 20: Thermal Runaway - Battery Research · Thermal runaway 2 If thermal runaway does not scare you, then you are…

STATIONARY POWER SERVICES FOR INDUSTRY

a  WBE Enterprise

(800) 221‐7123www.batteryresearch.com

Experts in DC Systemsa  WBE Enterprise

(800) 221‐7123www.batteryresearch.com

Corporate HeadquartersGary L. Brewer President1313 County Route 1Oswego, NY 13126

Toll‐Free: (800) 221‐7123

Phone: (315) 342‐2373Fax: (315) 342‐0797

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