1994 INTERNATIONAL INCINERATION CONFERENCE

Thermal Treatment of Radioactive, Hazardous Chemical, Mixed,Munitions, and Pharmaceutical Wastes

Proceedings of the1994 International Incineration Conference

Houston, Texas U.S.A.

Lori M. BarnowConference Coordinator

University of California, Irvine

Clyde R. DempseyTechnical Program Chairman

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

James G. TripodesConference Oversight ChairmanUniversity of California, Irvine

Sponsored byAir & Waste Management Association (AWMA)

American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AICHE)American Nuclear Society (ANS)

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)Coalition for Responsible Waste Incineration (CRWI)

Health Physics Society (HPS)U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

PROGRAM ADVISORY COMMITTEER- Apa, Monison-KnudsenL. Barnow, University of CaliforniaR. Bayer, Virginia PowerB. Beckstrom, FB&D TechnologiesN. Bergan French, Sandia National LabsK. Bjoerkvik, Envikraft, DenmarkW. Bostick,MMESJ. Brady, Andersen 2000G. Briggs, Chem-Security Ltd. CanadaK. Bruce, AcurexJ. Cudahy, Focus EnvironmentalD. Dalton, S.A.I.CV. DeCrescenzo, ENEA, ItalyC. Dempsey, U.S. EPA/RRELK. Durkee, U.S. IPA/OAQPSA. Eicher,, Focus EnvironmentalK. Fagerstrom, Studsvik Nuclear, SwedenJ. Feldman, Consultant

R. Gfflins, S.A.I.C.D. Gunkle, Fuller CompanyE. Helminski, Radioactive ExchangeF. Hetzler, EnvikraftG. Hinshaw, MRIM. Ho, PraxairT. Ho, Lamar UniversityJ. Humphery, LLNLC.S. Jackson, LLNLR. Kagel, Dow ChemicalP. Kiang, BDM InternationalJ. Kim, KAERI, KoreaR. Koenig, Merlin Co./Boulder, Inc.H. Kuribayashi, JGC, JapanC. Massimino, U.S. EPAW. McCulla, Los Alamos National LabJ. McFee, IT Corporation, AlbuquerqueN. Myrick, S ARP Industries

J. Nickerson, Haynes InternationalJ. Orban, U.S. DOED.Orlando, U.S. NRCG. Parker, Burroughs WelcomeR. Patterson, Calvert EnvironmentalE. Poncelet, ADEME, France (Invited)C. Riley, Triangle LabsP. Sadhukhan, Jacobs EngineeringJ. Schofield, ThermatrixK. Smith, IT CorporationW. Sweet-Dodge, Bechtel EnvironmentalM. Trichon, Harding Lawson AssociatesJ. Tripodes, University of CaliforniaR. Vanbrabant, BelgoProcess, BelgiumJ. Veranth, Aptus EnvironmentalM. E. Wacks, University of ArizonaR. Wegeng, Battelle PNLK. Whiting, Consultant, United Kingdom

The 1994 International Incineration Conference was dedicated to the loving memory of Charlotte Amy Baker

UB/TIB Hannover112 435 505

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROGRAMSChair: Paul Hart, U.S. DOE;Cochair: John McFee, IT Corporation

Impact of Department of Energy Orders on Mixed Waste Treatment Operations: A Case Study of the ToxicSubstances Control Act Incinerator 1Steve Trischman and Vince Adams, U.S. Department of Energy; Pas Sadhukhan, Jacobs Engineering Group;Fidel Perez, Martin Marietta Energy Systems

A "Fresh Look" at a U.S. Department of Energy Mixed Waste Incinerator 9Howard L. Pope, U.S. Department of Energy; Charlie McVay, Westinghouse Savannah River Company;Tom Holm-Hansen, PRC Environmental Management, Inc.

Evaluation of Alternatives to Thermal Treatment for DOE Mixed Waste 13William E. Schwinkendorf, BDM Federal; Lisette Lambregts Nenninger, Science Applications International Corporation

Guideline for Benchmarking Thermal Treatment Systems for Low-Level Mixed Waste 19D.P. Hoffmann, L.V. Gibson, Jr. and W.H. Hermes, Martin Marietta Energy Systems; R.E. Bastian, FocusEnvironmental, Inc.

Plasma Hearth Waste Treatment Demonstration for Radioactive Mixed Waste 25R.L. Gillins and S.D. Poling, Science Applications International Corporation

OPERATING EXPERIENCE - INCINERATION OF CHEMICAL/MEDICAL/PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE

Chair: Jack Brady, Andersen 2000, Inc.

The Effects of Operating Conditions on Emissions from a Fume Incinerator 31Bruce Johnson and Kevin McQuigg, John Zink Company

Operational Problems with Mobile Combustion Systems 37Donald L. Corwin, Four Nines IRMT, Inc.

Design and Operational Considerations for Chloro-Fluorinated Liquid and Gaseous Waste Incinerators 43Marc J. Rost, T-THERMAL Company

Thermal Treatment of Petroleum Contaminated Soils: Waste Tracking & Performance Analysis in an Off-SiteFacility 47Henri J. Molleron, Clean Earth, Inc.

CONTINUOUS AND SEMICONTINUOUS MONITORINGChair: Nina Bergan French, Sandia National Laboratory;Cochair: Michael Durham, ADA Technologies r~

Evaluation of a Fourier Transform Infrared Continuous Emission Monitor Field Test at a TSCA Incinerator 55Zhuoxiong Mao, Jack C. Demirgian and Gerald Reedy, Argonne National Laboratory

Use of Emission Spectroscopy as a Tool for Optimization of Plasma Hearth Operation for Hazardous WasteThermal Treatment 63D.L. Monts, L.E. Bauman, R.K. Lengel, W. Wang, J. Lin, R.L. Cook and W.S. Shepard, MississippiState University

Application of FTIR as a Continuous Emission Monitoring System for Cement Kiln Emissions 69Laura Kinner, Grant Plummer, Thomas Geyerand Thomas Dunder, Entropy, Inc.

A Laser-Based Technique for Continuously Monitoring Metal Emissions from Thermal Waste TreatmentUnits 73William L. Flower, Lawrence W. Peng, Nina Bergan French, Howard A. Johnsen and David K. Ottesen, SandiaNational Laboratories

Continuously Monitoring Total Mercury from Thermal Treatment Processes 77Richard J. Schlager, Michael D. Durham and Roger W. Marmaro, ADA Technologies, Inc.; W. Miles Clift andJames C.F. Wang, Sandia National Laboratories

Tunable Diode Lasers as Continuous Emission Monitors for Thermal Waste Treatment Processes 81S.W. Allendorf, D.K. Ottesen, HA. Johnsen andJ. Wang, Sandia National Laboratories; M.D. Frish,D.G. Trembley, R. Severance andAA. Boni, PSI Environmental Instruments Corporation

WASTE CHARACTERIZATION, TREATABILITY, AND EFFECTS OF UNANTICIPATEDCHARACTERISTICSChair: Joyce Feldman, Environmental Consultant;Cochair: C. Suzi Jackson, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Characterization: A First Step in the Management of Waste 85Joyce Feldman, Consultant

Data Requirements for Estimating Cost of Hazardous Waste Incineration 87Steven Kirslis, Charles Pfrommer and Kevin Jackson, IT Corporation

A Microwave Digestion Technique for Trace Element Analysis of Industrial Furnace Feedstreams 93Bruce A. Pedersen, Systech Environmental Corporation

Thermal Treatability Testing of Wastes from a Coke Plant Superfund Site . 99Michael L. Aident and David J. Shott, IT Corporation; Joann Lyons, AlliedSignal Inc.

Incineration of Ion Exchange Resins: A Mixed Waste 105Frank Hetzler, ENVIKRAFT; Joyce Feldman, Consultant; Morris Trichon, Harding Lawson Associates

PUBLIC PERCEPTION AND SITING CONSIDERATIONSChair: Robert Apa, Morrison Knudsen-Vertac;Cochair: Craig Doolittle, Dow Chemical

Permitting Incineration and Other Industrial Facilities in Utah - A Methodology 109Mike M. Beheshti, Utah Division of Air Quality

Public Perception of Hazardous Waste Incineration 117Steve L. McNair, International Technology Corporation

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Preparation of the Components of the Modified Method 5 (Method 0010) Sampling Train for Analysis by

SW-846 Method 8270 , 185James F. McGaughey, Raymond G. Merrill, Joan T. Bursey and Denny E. Wagoner, Radian Corporation;Merrill D. Jackson and Larry D. Johnson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Comparison of a Modified VOST Sampling Method to Method 0030 191James F. McGaughey, Joan T. Bursey and Raymond G. Merrill, Radian Corporation; Merrill D. Jackson,Larry D. Johnson and Robert G. Fuerst, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTIONChair: Jessica Nickerson, Haynes International

Taming Ceramic Filter Candle Corrosion 197E.C. Zievers, UniversalPorosics, Inc.;J.F. Zievers, P. Eggerstedt and P. Aguilar, Industrial Filter &Pump Mfg. Co.

S30415, S30615, and S30815...Effective Alternative Materials for Thermal Treatment Equipment 203Christopher E. Konstal, Rolled Alloys, Inc.

EMERGING THERMAL TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESChair: John Schofield, Thermatrix;Cochair: Jim Cudahy, Focus Environmental

Duration Testing of the Plasma Arc Centrifugal Treatment System 207T.J. Rivers andJ.W. Ruffner, MSE, Inc.; M.B. Arndt, Lockheed

Therm-O-Detox® - A Thermal Separation System 215Yei-Shong Shieh, ETG Environmental, Inc.

Treatment of Hazardous Wastes Using the Thermatrix Treatment System 221Robert G. Wilbourn, James A. Newbum and John T. Schofield, Thermatrix, Inc.

DIOXIN/FURAN FROM INCINERATION: FORMATIONChair: James Kilgroe, U.S. EPA;Cochair: Kevin Whiting, Consultant

Effect of Sulfur in Reducing PCDD/PCDF Formation 225K Raghunathan, Acurex Environmental Corporation; Brian K Gullett, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Laboratory Evaluation of PCDD/PCDF Inhibition Technology in a Swiss Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator 231KP. Naikwadi andF.W. Karasek, University of Waterloo

Commercial Scale Dioxin Inhibition Test Private at a Waste to Energy Plant - Switzerland 237Stephan Horler, Techform Engineering; Chip Clements, Diochem USA, Inc.

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DIOXIN/FURAN FROM INCINERATION: CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL OFEMISSIONSChair: James Kilgroe, U.S. EPA;Cochair: Kevin Bruce, Acurex Corporation

Dioxin Emissions-Why 6-9sDRE? 243Joseph J. Santoleri, RMT/Four Nines, Inc.

PCDD and PCDF Emission Characteristics from Hazardous Waste Burning Cement Kilns 251Ralph E. Harris, W. Steven Lanier and Bruce R. Springsteen, Energy and Environmental Research Corporation

Dioxin Emission Measurements from a Rotary Kiln Incinerator 261L.R. Waterland and S. Venkatesh, Acurex Environmental Corporation

Rotary Kiln Incinerator with New Design for Mercury, Dioxins and NOX Control 269Hans Piechura, MAN GutehoffungshUtte AG; Peter Zeeb and Richard F. Kwiatkowski,MAN GHH Corporation

Reduction of Dioxin/Furan Emissions from an Incineration Plant by Means of an Activated Carbon Filter 273G. Steinhaus and F. Dirks, Kemforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH

Control of Dioxin and Furan Emissions from Waste Incineration Systems 277Alfred Sigg, Von Roll Inc.

RECENT ADVANCES IN COMBUSTION RESEARCHChair: Thomas Ho, Lamar University;Cochair: Doug P. Hoffmann, Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.

Numerical Modeling of Mixing Characteristics in Hazardous Waste Combustors 281Christopher B. Leger and Min-Da Ho, Praxair, Inc.

Thermal Destruction Behavior of Plastics 287A.K Gupta and E. Ilanchezhian, University of Maryland; E.L. Keating, Naval Surface Warfare Center

Experimental Research on Gasification of Coarse Waste on a Stoker System and Separate Afterburningas well as Optimization with the Aid of a Process Model 297Reinhard Scholz and Frank Schulenburg, Institut fur Energieverfahrenstechnik der TechnischenUniversitdt Clausthal; Michael Beckmann, CUTEC

Experimental Investigation on CoFiring of Sludge/Waste Tire in Circulating Fluidized-Bed Incinerator 307David Y.L. Tzan, C.C. Ho andM.Y. Chen, Industrial Technology Research Institute

MIXED WASTE THERMAL TREATMENTChair: Robert Gillins, SAIC

Surrogates for Radioactive Materials in Mixed Waste Thermal Treatment Systems 313J-A.D. Stockdale, W.D. Bostick and D.P. Hoffmann, Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.; Hom-Ti Lee,Oak Ride Associated Universities

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Siting Strategies for Three Hazardous Waste Incinerator Proposals in Washington State 121Gerald W. Smedes, Smedes & Associates

Gaining Community Acceptance 127GaryJ. Severson, Ecova Corporation

RADWASTE OPERATING EXPERIENCEChair: David Dalton, Scientific Applications International Corporation

The Development of a High Temperature Burner/Quencher for Radioactive Solvents 131T.M. Conboy, KA. Johnson andB.G. Jenkins, British Nuclear Fuels pic.

Incineration Plant for Radioactive Liquid Wastes 137B. Bartoli and P. Lisbonne, C.EA.

Incineration of Ion-Exchange Resins Operational Experience 141Josef Neubauer, Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf

Treatment and Vitrification of Cesium-Contaminated Ion Exchange Resin 145Thomas N. Sargent, Jr., David M. Bennert and Thomas J. Overcamp, Clemson University;Dennis F. Bickford, Westinghouse Savannah River Company

PACT Solidification Tests on Surrogates for Low Level Waste from Nuclear Power Plants 151Y. Tsuji, K Obara andK. Fujioka, Toyo Engineering Corporation; R. Haun and R. Eschenbach, Retech, Inc.

Incineration as a Radioactive Waste Volume Reduction Process for CEA Nuclear Centers 155R.Atabek, CEA; L. Chaudon, Rhone Valley Nuclear Research Center

Chernobyl - A Solution for the Clean Up of Highly Contaminated Forests and Woodlands 161Michel Dubourg, Framatome Tour Fiat

SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL METHODSChair: Gene Riley, Triangle Laboratories;Cochair: Yves Tondeur, Triangle Laboratories

EPA Test Methods and Regulatory Update 163Peter Westlin, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency T

Field Test of a Generic Method for the Sampling and Analysis of Halogenated Hydrocarbons Listed inTitle III of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 167James F. McGaughey, Joan T. Bursey, Joann Rice and Raymond G. Merrill, Radian Corporation;Merrill D. Jackson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Laboratory Evaluation of Method 0050 for Hydrogen Chloride 173Joette Steger, Denny E. Wagoner, Joan T. Bursey and Raymond G. Merrill, Radian Corporation;Robert G. Fuerst and Larry D. Johnson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Optical Technologies and Their Application to Stack/Incinerator Emissions Monitoring 179Robert L. Spellicy, W.F. Herget, DM. Hull and SJ. Cain, Radian Corporation

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Modular Enviroglass™ Vitrification Technology for Low Level Radioactive and Mixed Wastes 321/. Bradley Mason, VECTRA Technologies, Inc.

Wastewater Treatment Sludge Vitrification: Summary of Savannah River Site M-Area Surrogate

Demonstrations 335David M. Bennert and Thomas J. Overcamp, Clemson University; Dennis Bickford, Westinghouse Savannah

River Company

Evaluation of the Plasma Hearth Process for Mixed Waste Treatment Applications 343Garth R. Hassel, Ray M. Geimer, James A. Batdorfand Gary L. Leatherman, SAIC

Latest Minimum Additive Waste Stabilization and Buried Waste Integrated Demonstration Test Results onthe Plasma Centrifugal Furance 349D. Battleson, C. Whitworth andK Filius, MSE, Inc.

Facility Status and the Second Trial Burn of the INEL'sWERF Mixed and LLW Incinerator. 355Curtis Branter, Dennis Conley and Phillip Gray, EG&G Idaho, Inc.;E. Malone Steverson, SAIC

Catalytic Combustion of Mixed Waste: Catalyst Research and Fluidized Bed Reactor Development 359R.M. Baldwin, S. Gaur, J.Adams, M.J. Gordon, R.R. Hill, R.D. Knecht and J.O. Golden, Colorado Schoolof Mines; S. Stiefvater, B. Roecker, G. Semones and P. Williams, EG&G-Rocky Flats

DESIGN MODIFICATION & START-UPChair: Blake Beckstrom, FB&D Technologies

New Technology for Emergency Thermal Relief Vents on Hazardous Waste Incinerators 365Steven G. Dedcco and Kevin B. Jackson, IT Corporation

Innovative Hazardous Waste Processing/Incinerator Feed System 377Mark A. Brick, Komar Industries, Inc.

Process Hazard Analysis and Consequence Modeling of an Integrated Thermal Treatment Facility 381Michael Claggett, Jackson Love andArijit Pakrasi, IT Corporation

Coating Developed for Aerospace Industry Protects Hazardous Waste 391David R. Williams andJ.E. Pritchett, Superior Products International, II, Inc.

OXYGEN ENHANCED COMBUSTION SYSTEMS AND DEMONSTRATEDINCINERATION APPLICATIONS

CoChairs: Min-Da Ho, Praxair;Pas Sadhukhan, Jacobs Engineering

High Temperature Incineration of Hazardous Waste Under Contemporary European EnvironmentalStandards 393Jean-Louis Biros, SARP Industries Group; Philippe Jalvy, CREED

Theory and Practices with Oxygen Enrichment in a Cement Kiln Firing Waste Derived Fuels 397Eric R. Hansen, Ash Grove Cement Company; Christopher B. Leger and Min-Da Ho, Praxair, Inc.

How to Select an Oxygen-Based Combustion System for Rotary Kiln-Based Hazardous Waste Incinerators 403Prakash Acharya, IT Corporation; Lloyd L. Schafer, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

The Effect of Oxygen Enrichment on the Capacity, Emissions, and Ash Quality of a Controlled AirIncinerator 413E. Malone Steverson and James A. Batdorf, SAIC; John A. Logan, EG&G Idaho, Inc.

The Use of Pure Oxygen in Incineration Processes, Laboratory and Pilot-Scale Experiments, Modeling, andIndustrial Applications 419P. Beaudoin, O. Charon andR. Plessier, AirLiquide SA.;A. Haines andE. Schmidt, Air Liquide America Corp.

Oxygen Enrichment for Waste Combustion 425Goutam H. Shahani, Donald P. Bucci, Diane M. DeVincentis and Stephen P. Goff, Air Products andChemicals, Inc.

Integrated Flue Gas Cleaning Systems for Incinerator Applications 431Gerwyn Jones and Kevin Gilman, Belco Technologies Corporation

INNOVATIVE RAD/MW TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESChair: William McCulla, Los Alamos National Laboratory;Cochair: Dominick Orlando, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

A New Pilot Waste Incineration Plant at SGN's Beaumont Hague Research Facility 437T. Flament, M. Dupoizat, S. Carpentier and P. Coryn, Cogema

Mobile Incineration Unit for Liquid Waste Thermal Treatment 441G. Antonini, M. Hazi and M. Sajet, Universite de Technologie de Compiegne; D. Caramelle, Ph. Chariot andJp. Perotin, Societe des Techniques en Milieu Ionisant

New Incineration and Melting Facility for Treatment of Low Level Radioactive Wastes in Switzerland 445W. Hoffelner, Th. Muller, M.R. Funfschilling, MGCMoser Glaser& Co., Ltd.; A. Jacobi, EWIEngineersand Consultants; R.C. Eschenbach, Retech, Inc.; H.R. Lutz and C. Vuilleumier, ZWILAG, Ltd.

Bench Scale Demonstration of DETOX Wet Oxidation for Treatment of Hazardous, Radioactive,and Mixed Wastes 451James Moslander, Donald Robertson, Scott Goldblatt, Richard Bell and Patrick Dhooge, Delphi Research, Inc.

Destruction Efficiency Tests Using a Mixed Waste Surrogate, as Fed to a Packed Bed Reactor/Silent DischargePlasma Apparatus 457J.T. Gill and M.R. Cage, EG&G Mound Applied Technologies; JJ. Coogan, RA. Tennant, G.K Anderson,M. Rang, R. Vargas, MJ. Brower, CA. Schmidt and LA. Rosocha, Los Alamos National Laboratory

The Development of an Innovative, Real-Time Monitor for Airborne Alpha Emissions 465Russ Gritzo, Malcolm Fowler and Jan Wouters, Los Alamos National Laboratory

EMISSIONS CONTROLChair: Ron Patterson, CALVERT Environmental;Cochair: Kevin Whiting, Consultant

Estimation Methodology and Validation of Particulate Entrainment in a Pilot-Scale Rotary-Kiln BasedHazardous Waste Incinerator 469PrakashAcharya, Sachin Prabhu and Michael Barkdoll, IT Corporation

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Advancement in Incineration Flue Gas Scrubbing Using Free-Jet Technology 477

Tim Hill and Dick Liniger, John Zink Company

Demonstration of FGD and Wet ESP Combination in Spent Catalyst Roaster 481Rey-Chein Chang, Ming-Der Chen, Yeong-Chang Lain, Ming-Te Tan, Chin-Kuang Lin, Ming-Shi Ni and

Wen Chieh Chen, Industrial Technology Research Institute

Control of Air Toxic Emissions from Sewage Sludge Incinerators 485Ronald G. Patterson, Calvert Environmental; Steven A. Jaasund, Geoenergy International Corp.

An Investigation of NOX Control with SNCR in a 2.5MW Test Furnace 491L. C Chen, C. T. Lin and R. C. Chang, Industrial Technology Research Institute; J.H. Pohl, Energy International

Air Pollution Control for the Year 2000 (The New Dry Scrubber Cartridge Collector Control System) 495Frank L. Cross, Jr., Harding Lawson Associates - CrossITessitore & Associates

METALS BEHAVIOR IN WASTE COMBUSTION PROCESSES PART IChair: Gary Hinshaw, Midwest Research Institute;Cochair: William Schofield, DRE Environmental Services

Volatilization of Arsenic from Contaminated Clay 501Deborah B. Gray, Thomas J. Overcamp and Frank Watts, Clemson University

Trace Metals Partitioning in a Rotary Kiln Incinerator 507S. Venkatesh, L.R. Waterland and J.W. Lee, Acurex Environmental Corporation

Experimental Releases of and Predictions of Non-Ideal Behavior of Arsenic and Lead in anSi-Al-Ca-Fe-Na Oxide Slag 511Frank Watts, Thomas J. Overcamp, Heidi Greene, David Hoffman and Bradley A. Striebig, Clemson University

Interactions of Toxic and Radioactive Metals During Thermal Treatment of Mixed Wastes 521Robert G. Barton andJoAnn S. Lighty, University of Utah; Joanne M. Hillary, EG&G Idaho, Inc.

Metals Partitioning in a Rotary Kiln Incinerator with a Wet Off-Gas System 527Dan B. Bums, Heather Holmes Bums and Marshall G. Looper, Westinghouse Savannah River Company;G.R. Hassel, Science Applications International Corporation

Partitioning of Strontium and Cesium in the TSCA Incinerator 533L.V. Gibson, Jr., W.H. Hermes, W.D. Bostick, D.P. Hoffmann, D.P. Schaejferkoetter, J.E. Dunn, Jr. andF. Perez, Martin Marietta Energy Systems; H.T. Lee, Oak Ridge Associated Universities

METALS BEHAVIOR IN WASTE COMBUSTION PROCESSES PART 2CoChairs: Gary Hinshaw, Midwest Research Institute;William Schofield, DRE Environmental Services

Continuous Performance Assurance of Metals Management 541Ronald E. Bastian, Focus Environmental, Inc.; CC. Lee, U.S. EPA; Wm. Randall Seeker, Energy andEnvironmental Research Corporation

Analysis of BIF Compliance Test Metals Emissions Results 547

W. Clark, R.G. Rizeq, D.W. Hanselland W.R. Seeker, Energy and Environmental Research Corporation

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A Detailed Review of Metal Partitioning in a Kiln 555Donald Corwin, Joseph Santoleri and Richard Cames, RMTIF our Nines, Inc.

Metal Retention by Sorbents in a Simulated Waste Heat Boiler 559T.C. Ho, M.J. Ke, F. Chen, H. Chu andJ.R. Hopper, Lamar University; W.D. Bostick, Martin Marietta EnergySystems, Inc.

Recovery of Mercury from Combustion Flue Gas Using a Regenerable Sorbent 563Michael D. Durham, DarylL. Roberts and Richard J. Schlager, Thomas G. Carter and Patrick D. French,ADA Technologies, Inc.

Prototype Near Real-Time Monitor for Lewisite in Stack Gas 569John E. Going, Brian R. Cage, Michael J. Thomburg and Daniel R. Soderberg, Midwest Research Institute

REMEDIATION/TRANSPORTABLEChair: Kevin Smith, IT Corporation;Cochair: Martha Choroszy-Marshall, Ciba-Geigy

Remediation of Explosives-Contaminated Soils at Savanna Army Depot Activity and Alabama ArmyAmmunition Plant 575VuX. Huynh and Christopher Young, RoyF. Weston, Inc.; Kenneth Gray, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers;Richard Isaac, U.S. Army Environmental Center

Remediation of PCB Soil at the F.T. Rose Superfund Site with Clean Berkshires' High TemperatureIncinerator 579Stephen A. Warren and NealA. Maxymillian, Clean Berkshires, Inc.

Thermal Treatment of PCB Contaminated Soils at the Rose Township Demode Road Superfund Site 583Ronna T. Ungs and Kostas Dovantzis, PRC Environmental Management, Inc.; Kevin Adler, U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency; Edward D. Hammond, Perland Environmental Technologies, Inc.; Gregory J. McCartney, OHMRemediation Services Corporation

The On-Site Incineration of Over 50,000 Tons of Liquid and Solid Aniline and Nitrobenzene WasteStreams 589Jim Mayes, Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality; Tarek Elnaggar, GDC Engineering Inc.

Residue Retention of Five Metals in Soil Treated by Low Temperature Thermal Desorption 593Martha Choroszy-Marshall, CIBA Regional Remediation Team; Warren Owens, Reaction EngineeringInternational

Overview of Incineration Operations and Trial Burn at Bayou Bonfouca Superfund Site 597Kevin Jackson, Chris McBride and Peter Ives, IT Corporation

RESIDUES ASH & FINAL DISPOSITIONChair: William Bostick, Martin Marietta Energy Systems;Cochair: Garry Briggs, Chem-Security

Laboratory-Scale Vitrification of a Chloride-Containing Simulant of Incineration Blowdown 603James L. Resce, Giles Ragsdale and Thomas J. Overcamp, Clemson University; TimHallman, SEG, Inc.;Douglas H. Davis, EnVitCo, Inc.

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Vitrification of Incineration Ashes Glass Analysis 609/./. Guiroyand G. Craig Framatome; M.M. Champion, BONFAND; M. Cambon, DEFOIN- CNAM

Solidification of Waste Sludges Using Microwave Heating 615G.D. Del Cul, W.D. Bostick, R.E.Adamski, WA. Slover, P.E. Osbome andR.L. Fellows, Martin Marietta

Energy Systems, Inc.; T.L. White, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

ASME/US Bureau of Mines Investigative Program on Vitrification of Combustion Ash/Residue-Findings and

Conclusions 621Herbert I. Hollander, Hollander Associates; Arthur L. Plumley, ABB Combustion Engineering;

RogerS. De Cesare, U.S. Bureau of Mines; David A. Hoecke, Enercon Systems

Stabilization/Solidification of TSCA Incinerator Ash 633R.D. Spence, D.R. Trotter, C.L. Francis and I.L. Morgan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Chemical Stabilization of Ashes from High Temperature Incineration Facilities in Europe 639Philippe J. Pichat, SARP Industries Group

RISK ASSESSMENTChair: Robert Wegeng, Battelle, PNL;Cochair: Kathryn Kelly, Environmental Toxicology International

Multipathway Risk Assessment and the Incinerator Permitting Process . . 643Kathryn E. Kelly, Environmental Toxicology International

Health Effects of Hazardous Waste Incineration...The Rest of the Story 651Richard C. Pleus and Kathryn E. Kelly, Environmental Toxicology International

Screening Health Risk Assessment of Flammable Materials Fire 657Sarah A. Foster, Paul C. Chrostowski and James F. Lape, Weinberg Consulting Group Inc.

Health Effects of Medical Waste Incineration 663Wayne L. Turnberg, Washington State Department of Ecology; Kathryn E. Kelly, EnvironmentalToxicology International

Meeting ARAS with an Improved Emissions Control System for the Plasma Arc Centrifugal TreatmentSystem 671

Jeffrey W. Ruffnerand Tim Rivers, MSE, Inc.; Ralph A. Koenig, Merlin Co./Boulder, Inc.

TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF ENERGETICS & MUNITIONSChair: Morris Trichon, Harding Lawson Associates;Cochair: Ralph Koening, Merlin Co./Boulder, Inc.

Safety Features of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Plant at Tooele, Utah 679DwightHunt, Thomas McCabe, Richard Yukawa, Stephen Kimura, Najmul Hasan, Daniel Crean andGerald Loose, The Ralph M. Parsons Company

Permitting and Activation of the Aerojet Resource Recovery System 685Joseph R. Biagioni, Jr., GenCorp Aerojet

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Microwave Digestion and Elemental Characterization of Air Pollutants from Disposal of Munitions 689Benjing Sun, Environmental Toxicology International, Inc.; Matthew Asplund, Max W. Hill, Milton L. Lee,Nolan F. Mangelson and Lawrence B. Rees, Bringham Young University

Comprehensive Incineration System for the Disposal of Explosives, Propellants and Other MunitionComponents 697D.D. Jensen, J.F. Follin andM.H. Spritzer, General Atomics; J. Krone, Umwelt-Und Ingenieurtechnik GmbH

Upgrading the Instruments and Controls for Ordnance Explosive Waste Incinerator 703

M. Robert Guest, DRE Environmental Services, Inc.; MarkJ. Sullivan, Hercules, Inc.

AUTHOR INDEX 709

ATTENDEE LIST 713

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