thermo part 1
TRANSCRIPT
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION
OF ENERGY
Energy can not be created or destroyed
System and Environment
System is the substance, the reaction, a process
that became the center of attention (object)
System
Environment
The environment is everything that is related
to the system
Lets check it out
Example: substance A and substance B is inserted into the test tube
System: substance A and substance B
Environment: test tubes and air
Types of system
1. Open System
If the system and the environment can
experience, exchange of matter and energy
2. Closed System
If the system and the environment can not
be exchanged material, but it can be an
exchange of energy
3. Isolated System
In system and the environment can not be
an exchange of energy and matter
The sign for the heat and work
• System received heat
• System released heat
• System does work
• System received the work
q (+)
q (-)
w (-)
w (+)
Internal Energy (E)
the amount of energy possessed by an agent or system
ΔE = EP - ER
Reaction of Heat
1. If reaction is reacting in closed system, with fixed volume (ΔV=0), where if ΔV=0 there is no work in there(w=0)
So ΔE= q
2. If reaction is reacting in opened system, with fixed pressure , where may system do or received work
So ΔE= q + w
Exothermic Reaction
• Chemical reactions that are
accompanied by the release of heat
• Release heat from system to
surrounding
• H product < H reaction
• Sign of ΔH is always (-)
Exothermic Reaction
Reactants Products + Energy
Reactants
Products
- H
Energ
y
Energy of reactants
Energy of products
Reaction Progress
Endothermic Reaction
• Chemical reactions that areaccompanied by the absorption ofheat
• Absorb heat from surrounding tosystem
• H product > H reaction
• Sign of ΔH is always (+)
Endothermic Reaction
Energy + Reactants Products
+ H Endothermic
Reaction progress
Energ
y
Reactants
ProductsActivation Energy
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THERMOCHEMISTRY
Influenced by
2 3
4
6
5
causing
9 10
involving
7 8
12 11
1
Statement to find the key-word :
1. Energy cannot be destroyed or created
2. the part of the universe on which we focus our attention in a certain experiment
3. the parts of the universe that interact instantly with the system or anything that restricts the system
4. may heat exchange between system and surrounding and matter movement
5. may heat exchange between system and surrounding and not matter movement
6. impossible for heat exchange between system and surrounding
7. subtracting the enthalpy of the reactant from the enthalpy of product
8. energy contained in a substance at temperature of 25oC and pressure of 1 atm.
9. a chemical reaction in which heat is absorbed from the surroundings
10.a chemical reaction in which heat is released from the system
11.Symbolize for enthalpy of the system falls.
12.Symbolize for enthalpy of the system rises.
THERMOCHEMISTRY
Influenced by
SYSTEM SURROUNDINGS
OPENED
ISOLATED
CLOSED
causing
ENDOTHERMIC
REACTION
EXOTHERMIC
REACTION
involving
ENTHALPY
CHANGEENTHALPY
Law of Conservation of
Energy