thesis microc loges war an

GSM BASED WIRELESS HOME APPLIANCES CONTROL

AND SECURITY SYSTEM

KHAIRUL MUSLIM BIN NORDIN

A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirement for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical – Mechatronic)

Faculty of Electrical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

APRIL 2010

iii

Dedicated, in thankful appreciation for support, encouragement and understandings

to my beloved mother and father, brother and sister,

and as well as my supportive friends

iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to express my

grateful to ALLAH because give me a good health and destiny to me finish this

project.

Secondly, I would like to express my warmest gratitude to my supportive

supervisor, En. Mohd Ariffanan Bin Mohd Basri who has provided immeasurable

support and guidance toward the completion of my research project. His remarkable

ideas and suggestions will be much appreciated in the long run of my career.

My sincere appreciation also goes to my family especially my father Nordin

Bin Sani and my beloved mothers Salmiah Binti kamal who has been so tolerant and

supportive in all these years either morally or financially. Thanks for their continuous

encouragement, love and emotional supports that they had given to me all this while.

I also would like thank to all my friends who had given me helps technically

and mentally throughout my journey in completing my project. I thank you from the

bottom of my heart. I wish you all the best in life and hope that our friendship will

last forever.

v

ABSTRACT

In Malaysia, almost every day house theft cases reported in local newspapers.

These cases have been one of the most serious problems that happen in our country,

Malaysia. Not like other previous cases, thieves nowadays are too aggressive and

brutal. This is because today, the thieves use a variety of ways, including killing.

Many people use criminal methods to sufficient their need of life, theft and robbery

when the home owners are not in the house. Therefore, various methods can be used

to overcome this problem. Based on the events above, the project can be developing

to make our home secure and safe. So the purpose of project is to design and develop

a home security system that can provide security against intrusion and other

emergency situation using a wireless technology. In addition to the house theft cases,

today many people are facing difficulties to control home appliances, especially for

the elderly and disabled. Therefore, this project is developed to control a home

appliance. The main component to develop the project is using PIC 16F877A. The

two detectors of motion sensor and magnetic contact sensors are used as the input of

PIC and two home appliances are a fan and a lamp as home appliances to be

controlled using a mobile phone.

vi

ABSTRAK

Di Malaysia, hampir setiap hari kes kecurian rumah dilapor dalam akhbar-

akhbar tempatan. Peningkatan kes ini amat membimbangkan kerana ia boleh

mendatangkan bahaya kepada orang ramai. Ini adalah kerana pada zaman sekarang

pencuri menggunakan pelbagai cara termasuklah dengan cara membunuh asalkan ia

dapat memenuhi kemahuan mereka. Disamping itu pencuri pada zaman sekarang

sering bertindak secara agresif dan brutal. Kes kecurian rumah juga sering berlaku

jika seseorang tiada di rumah.Oleh yang demikian, pelbagai cara boleh digunakan

bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Antaranya adalah dengan menghasilkan satu sistem yang

boleh menjaga dan mengawasi rumah walaupun ia ditinggalkan. Dengan ini, tujuan

utama projek ini dihasilkan adalah untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Projek ini

adalah untuk menghasilkan satu sistem keselamatan rumah menggunakan teknologi

tanpa wayar. Selain kes kecurian rumah, pada zaman sekarang banyak kesulitan

dihadapi untuk mengawal peralatan rumah terutama sekali bagi golongan tua dan

cacat anggota. Oleh itu, projek ini juga dihasilkan untuk memudahkan mengawal

peralatan rumah.Projek ini dihasilkan dengan menggunakan PIC 16F877A sebagai

peranti utama. Dua pengesan iaitu “motion sensor” dan “magnetic contact sensor”

digunakan sebagai masukan PIC dan dua jenis alat rumah iaitu kipas dan lampu

dijadikan sebagai alat untuk dikawal dengan menggunakan telefon.

vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

DECLARATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv

ABSTRACT v

ABSTRAK vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES xi

LIST OF FIGURES xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES xvi

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Chapter Overview 1

1.2 Background 1

1.3 Problem Statement 2

1.4 Objective 3

1.5 Scope of Project 4

1.6 Thesis Outline 4

viii

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5


2.2.Previous Project 6

2.2.1 Similar Research Done by UTM Student 6

2.2.1.1 Wireless Home Security System by

LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM

6

2.2.1.2 Wireless Alarm System Using

Microcontroller by MOHD ARIF BIN

MD KURDI

7

2.2.1.3 “Sistem Penggera Keselamatan

Rumah Kediaman Mudah Dan

Pintar” by MOHD ROSLI BIN

MAMAT

8

2.2.2 Others Related Projects 9

2.2.2.1 Home Security System by CHUN-PAI

JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG CAO

from Cornell University

9

2.2.2.2 Monitoring and Controlling of Device

Using GSM by PRIYANKA from

India

9

2.3 Reviews The Software and Hardware 10

2.3.1 Hardware Review 10

2.3.1.1 PIC 16F877A Microcontroller 10

2.3.1.2 Sensor 11

2.3.1.2.1 Magnetic Contact Sensor 11

2.3.1.2.2 Motion Sensor 12

2.3.1.3 Mobile Phone 13

2.3.1.4 MAX232 and D9 14

2.3.1.5 RS-232 Serial Port 15

2.3.2 Software Review 16

ix

2.3.2.1 MikroC 16

2.3.2.2 Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 17

2.3.2.3 Overview of GSM Technology 17

2.3.2.4 Advantages of GSM 18

2.3.2.5 GSM Modem 18

2.3.2.6 AT COMMAND 19

3 METHODOLOGY 21


3.2 Stage of Methodology and Approach 21

3.3 The Work Flow For The Whole Project 22

3.3.1 Make a Research and Study 22

3.3.2 Planning 24

3.3.3 Hardware Implementation 27

3.3.3.1 Voltage Regulator 27

3.3.3.2 Reset (MCLR) 28

3.3.3.3 Interface PIC16F877A With Motion

Sensor

29

3.3.3.4 Interface PIC16F877A With Magnetic

Contact Sensor

30

3.3.3.5 Interface PIC16F877A With Fan and

Lamp

31

3.3.3.6 Interface PIC16F877A With Buzzer 31

3.3.3.7 In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)

for Programming PIC Microcontroller

32

3.3.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Circuit 32

3.3.4 Software Implementation

3.3.4.1 Programming the hardware using

MicroC

35

36

x

3.3.4.2 Motion sensor programming 38

3.3.4.3 Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming 40

3.3.4.4 Home Appliances (Fan and Lamp)

Programming

42

3.3.4.5 Graphic User Interface 43

3.3.5 Analysis and Testing 44

3.3.5.1 Testing the AT COMMAND 44

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 47


4.2 The Block Diagram for This Project 47

4.3 How Does it Work? 48

4.4 The Result for This Project 49

4.4.1 For The Security System 49

4.4.2 For The Wireless Home Appliances Control 54

4.4.3 To Exit The System 57

5 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 58

5.1 Conclusion 58

5.2 Limitations 59

5.3 Suggestion and Future Development 59

REFERENCES 60

Appendices A – D 61- 69

xi

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

2.1 Example of AT COMMAND 20

3.1 Baud Rate Formula 34

xii

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

2.1 The Overall System 7

2.2 Overall Wireless Home Security System 8

2.3 Pin Out of PIC 16F877A 11

2.4 The Picture Shows the Magnetic Sensor with

Magnet

12

2.5 This Picture Shows the Installation of Sensor and

Magnet on the Door

12

2.5 Motion Sensor 13

2.6 Pin Assignments of MAX232 IC 14

2.7 D-9 Connecter Configuration 14

2.8 RS-232 PC Connector 15

3.1 Flow of Methodology 21

3.2 The Grant Chart for FYP 1 26

3.3 The Grant Chart for FYP 2 26

3.4 The Circuit of Voltage Regulator 27

3.5 The Placement of Motion Sensor in a Hardware

Prototype

29

3.6 The Circuit of Motion Sensor to PIC 29

3.7 The Placement of Magnetic Contact Sensor in a

Hardware Prototype

30

3.8 The Circuit of Magnetic Contact Sensor to PIC 30

3.9 The Placement of Fan and Lamp in a Hardware

Prototype

31

3.10 The Circuit of Fan and Lamp to PIC 31

3.11 The Connected of USB Programmer 32

xiii

3.12 The Serial Communication Interface Circuit 33

3.13 The Hardware Prototype 34

3.14 PICkit 2 Software Interface 37

3.15 USB ICSP Programmer Device 37

3.16 Flow Chart for Motion Sensor Programming 39

3.17 Flow Chart for Magnetic Sensor Programming 41

3.18 Flow Chart for ON/OFF Lamp 42

3.19 Flow Chart for ON/OFF Fan 43

3.20 Main of Graphic User Interface 43

3.21 Output of Graphic User Interface 44

3.22 The Hyper Terminal Connection Setup 45

3.23 Hyper Terminal Com Port Setup 45

3.24 The Interface for write AT command 46

3.25 Testing The AT Command 46

4.1 The Block Diagram for Security System 47

4.2 The Block Diagram for Home Appliances Control 48

4.3 The Main System 49

4.4 The Login This System 50

4.5 The Output Graphical User Interface 50

4.6 The System Show User Chosen the Com Port 51

4.7 The Hardware Prototype 52

4.8 The System Show When the Magnetic Contact

Sensor is Active

52

4.9 The System Show When the Motion Sensor is

Active

53

4.10 The Hardware Prototype Show a Lamp is Light 54

4.11 The System Show a Lamp is Light 54

4.12 The System Show a lamp is non active 55

4.13 The Hardware Prototype Show a fan is Active 55

4.14 The System Show a fan is Active 56

4.15 The System Show a Fan is Non Active 56

4.16 The System Show When the Exit Button Pressed 57

xiv

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BOR

BRG

CTS

DCD

DSR

DTE

DTR

EEPROM

Fosc

GUI

GSM

IC

ICSP

LCD

LED

NC

PDU

PIC

Brownout Reset

Baud Rate Generator

Clear To Send

Data Carrier Detect

Data Set Ready

Data Terminal Equipment

Data Terminal Ready

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only

Memory

Oscillator’s Frequency

Graphical User Interface

Global System For Mobile Communications

Integrated Circuit

In-Circuit Serial Programming

Liquid Crystal

Light Emitter Diode

Normally Closed

Protocol Data Unit

Peripheral Interface Controller

xv

PIR

POR

RAM

RF

RI

ROM

RSCR

RTS

RXD

SIM

SCI

SMS

TDMA

TXD

USART

UTM

Passive Infrared

Power-On Reset

Random Access Memory

Receiver Frequency

Ring Indicator

Read-Only Memory

Receive Status And Control Register

Request to Send

Received Data

Subscriber Identity Module

Serial Communication Interface

Short Message Service

Time Division Multiple access

Transmitted Data

Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver

Transmitter

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

xvi

LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX TITLE PAGE

A Main Board Circuit Schematic 61

B Programming For Hardware 62

C Programming For Interfacing 65

D Project Prototype 69

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Chapter Overview

This chapter will briefly discuss on the project background. This chapter also

discusses the problem statement, the objective of this project, the scope of the project

and the thesis outline.

1.2 Background

Home wireless security systems are becoming increasingly popular and it is

being a necessary nowadays. There are many benefits to using these compared to

conventional systems. There are many products of Wireless Home Security Systems

in the market. The price depends on how advance the system is. Normally today

home security system is in wireless form rather than wired form. The reasons are

wireless can saves cost of wiring, easy to install, occupy lesser space, easy for

maintenance and more reliable.

2

Besides that, the wireless also capability become as an appliances control in

the home. The capability of controlling home appliances in a wireless and remote

fashion has provided a great convenience to many people in life. Through a wireless

remote controller, people can do remote operation without directly accessing the host

of a home appliance. The home appliances like fan, lamp, television, washing

machines and others.

Therefore in this project the GSM is the type of wireless that chooses. It is

because it's the GSM is better than others wireless. It is suitable to install the systems

that need a wide range. It also can monitor the signal strength and more adaptable. So

it is suitable to become a controller for home appliances and for security system.

1.3 Problem Statement

Nowadays, most couples leave for work early in the morning and get back

only in the evening. Most people also have to travel to other cities for their work.

When they are away, their house is empty and unguarded. Therefore case like theft

and robbery is easy to occur because the home owners are not in the house. The

Multidimensional crisis like theft and robbery is one of the most serious problems

that happen in this country. The based solution is to develop home security system

using a wireless to keeps your house safe from intruders and enables you to work in

peace.

Based on the events above, the project can be developing to make our home

secure and safe. We never anxious and worried anymore even we leave the house. So

this project is to design and develop a home security system that can provide security

against intrusion and other emergency situation by alarm via short message service

(SMS).

3

Today there are a many wireless home security alarm system available in the

market. Some are designed for very high security level protection and some are basic

type. Most of the alarm systems are very expensive and therefore not affordable by

poor or middle class families. Some systems which cheaper in cost do not provide

reliable features like status checking. To provide the public with a cost effective

wireless security system, it is important to design a low cost system with advanced

features which ease the residents' life and benefits the public and also will decrease

the crime rate of Malaysia.

Besides that, to develop and the system that can control and monitor the

device in our home is a good matter. It is can be easy to simplify the daily works. It

is important because the system can be help the disabled and elderly through the

realization of a fully automated home. So this project will develops and design the

home appliances that can control and monitoring the lamp and fan in the house.

1.4 Objective

The main objective of this project is to design and develop a home security

system that can provide security against intrusion and other emergency situation by

alarm via short message service (SMS). The primary objective of this project is to

design and develop a system that can control home appliances remotely with hand

phone through SMS. The system can control two numbers of home appliances are

lamp and fan only. Another objective of this project is to produce the system that an

inexpensive, user- friendly, small of size and easy to install.

4

1.5 Scope of Project

The scope of this projects are divide by two part that hardware and software.

In the hardware part is to design circuit for the overall systems include the

component, 16F877A microcontroller and sensor that used. And then, design circuit

to make a connection to computer interface and mobile phone device.

In software part are programming the PIC microcontroller using MicroC

compiler. To make interface in computer by using visual basic 2008. Lastly, to make

a connection between computer and hardware to mobile phone that support GSM

modem by using AT command and suitable software.

1.6 Thesis Outline

This thesis is divided into five chapters. In chapter 1, an introduction of

project is presented along with the project objective, scope of this project and the

expected outcome for this project. In chapter 2 is begin with the literature review the

previous project or thesis that related with this project. Then in this chapter also

provides a review on the research of the components and software that are used in

this project. The chapter 3 are discusses the methodology and approach that used to

develop this project. The chapter 4 are discusses the result and discussion. And the

last chapter are summarizes this project, discusses of the limitation of this project and

suggests possible future works.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW


Literature review was carried out throughout the whole project to gain

knowledge and skills needed to complete this project. The main sources for this

project are the previous project and thesis that is related to this project. And the other

sources are books, journals and articles obtained from internet. So this chapter

discusses the projects and theses related to this project. This chapter also discusses a

related researches conducted by previous UTM students.

Therefore, by analysis the project did by other researchers, there is a

possibility to know what features are lacking in their projects. It is very important to

improve and to develop a successful project. This project also will recommend some

future works that could be done to improve the same project. So there are some

useful ideas that can be implemented in this project from other similar projects.

Besides that, when reviewing the previous works or project a proper expect

how this project can be conducted and the features that have to be added to make this

project reliable and marketable are enlightened. By reviewing the previous works or

6

project also have been referred to carefully before kick start this project to produce a

better and more relevant system to the targeted market.

Then, the theories and related knowledge are also important matter to develop

this project. It has been acquired and implemented in achieving the objectives of this

project. So the books, journals and articles are the right source to get it. The

knowledge is very important as guideline to determine the component and what

software that be used for this project.

2.2 Previous Project

2.2.1 Similar Research Done by UTM Student

2.2.1.1 Wireless Home Security System by LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM

The project is to design the home security by alarm system. The alarm system

should check the status of the transmitter of the system regularly to ensure that the

system could function without any failure. The failure of the transmitter will be

indicated at the receiver through LEDs and the buzzer beeping sound. The project is

to develop an alarm system for a house. The system can be operated through a

password secured remote control. The remote can arm and disarm the whole system

or each individual zone. The components that the project used are PIC16F877A

microcontroller, encoder HT12E, LCD, 4X4 keypad, transmitter and receiver

module.

7

There are some limitations in this project is only one transmitter and one

receiver is built for this project so the system cannot perform bi-directional

communication which allowed the receiver to send signals to transmitter to request

the status of the transmitter because the communication between the transmitter and

the receiver is only one way communication.

2.2.1.2 Wireless Alarm System Using Microcontroller by MOHD ARIF BIN MD

KURDI

The project is to build an alarm system that can cover all places in the house

and alert home owner instantly. The house will be divided to eight different zones

and each zone will have its own signal frequency. If there happened to be a security

breach in the house which trigger a sensor at any one of the eight zones, the

transmitter will send a signal to the receiver. The receiver is connected to the

microcontrollers which will automatically triggers the output siren and flash a LED

that will indicate the zone of the security breach. So that the owner will know at

which zone the theft is hiding. The siren and the flashing LED can be disarmed by

using either remote control button or onboard disarming button. The project are using

PIC 16F877A microcontroller as a main controller.

The figure below show the overall system conducted by Mohd Arif Bin Md Kurdi :

Figure 2.1: The Overall System

Keypad Buzzer

Receiver

LCD

LED

PIC

16F877A

Sensor from

8 zones Transmitter

Remote

control

8

2.2.1.3 ‘Sistem Penggera Keselamatan Rumah Kediaman Mudah dan Pintar’ by

MOHD ROSLI BIN MAMAT

The project used the RF transmission and the project cover 4 to 5 zones. The

components that this project used are encoder, voltage regulator, RF module,

Antenna, decoder, PIC 16F877A microcontroller and alarm. The project limitations

are:

1. Expensive due to the voltage regulator is an end product purchased from

the market.

2. Big in size.

3. Encoder-decoder not fully utilized; 15 data only used for 5 zones.

4. The PIC micro-controller which can do more functions beside trigger

alarm.

5. Difficult to control because the system can be activated and deactivated

through switching the power supply only.

The figure below show the overall system conducted by Mohd Rosli in Mamat :

Figure 2.2: Overall Wireless Home Security System

9

2.2.2 Others Related Projects

2.2.2.1 Home Security System by CHUN-PAI JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG

CAO from Cornell University.

The project is a digital home security system with voice feature which can

monitor room temperature, smoke, motion, windows and doors. This project built a

wired home security system using different type of sensors. The project using the

traditional magnetic switch equipped on doors and windows. Besides that, the project

also using the temperature sensor, smoke detectors, and motion sensor. In this project

the security system will sound an alert when there is an attempt of break-in or if there

is possible smoke or fire. This project is built without considering how the owner of

the system could switch off the system when he enters the armed house from outside.

This is because the main control unit of the system is attached inside the house.

2.2.2.2 Monitoring and Controlling Of Device Using GSM by PRIYANKA from

India

The project is designed and developed a wireless communication link to

monitor and control equipments that are far away from user and also develop a

higher security system to keep a check on them. This project are using ATMEL

89S52 microcontroller as an IC microcontroller. In this project at the transmitter is a

mobile phone which uses certain codes corresponding to a particular relay to which

the device is connected. And at the receiver the GSM modem receives the massage

from the mobile phone and gives it to the microcontroller which act to control the

devices.

10

2.3 Reviews the Software and Hardware

2.3.1 Hardware Review

2.3.1.1 PIC 16F877A Microcontroller

PIC is a family of Harvard architecture microcontrollers made by Microchip

Technology, derived from the PIC1640 originally developed by General Instrument's

Microelectronics Division. The name PIC initially referred to "Programmable

Interface Controller.

It has two types of internal memories. These memories are program memory

and data memory. Program memory is provided by 8K words of flash Memory, and

data memory has two sources. One type of data memory is a 368-byte RAM (random

access memory) and the other is 256-byte EEPROM (Electrically erasable

programmable ROM). The core feature includes interrupt capability up to 14 sources,

power saving sleep mode, and single 5V In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)

capability. The sink/source current, which indicates a driving power from I/O port, is

high with 25mA. Power consumption is less than 2mA in 5V operating condition.

PICs are popular with developers and hobbyists alike due to their low cost,

wide availability, large user base, extensive collection of application notes,

availability of low cost or free development tools, and serial programming (and

reprogramming with flash memory) capability. PIC16F877A is so popular because it

is very cheap. Apart from that, it is also very easy to be assembled. The additional

components that you need to make this IC work are just a 5V power supply adapter,

a 20MHz crystal oscillator and 2 units of 22pF capacitors. This IC can be

11

reprogrammed and erased up to 10,000 times. Therefore it is very good for new

product development phase.

Below shows PIC 16F877A and its pin out.

Figure 2.3: Pin Out of PIC 16F877A

2.3.1.2 Sensor

2.3.1.2.1 Magnetic Contact Sensor

Magnetic contacts are usually NC (Normally Closed) and are used on doors

and windows. It is consists of two parts, namely a magnet and a reed switch. When

the reed switch is in close proximity to the magnet, the switch will close and vice

versa. Usually the magnet is fitted to the door and the reed switch is fitted to the door

frame in close proximity to one another such that when the door is closed, the two

parts are in close contact and hence the switch is closed. When the door is opened,

12

the magnet will be a distance away from the reed switch and hence the switch will

open.

Figure 2.4: The Picture Shows the Magnetic Sensor with Magnet

Figure 2.5: This picture shows the installation of Sensor and magnet on the

door.

2.3.1.2.2 Motion Sensor

This Motion/ PIR Sensor Switch can detect the Infrared rays released by

Human Body Motion within the Detection Area (6 Meters). The PIR (Passive

Infrared) sensor can sense even at night time. The sensor can fix near the door to

13

check the motion near to the door. So if someone enters into the detection area of the

sensor, the microcontroller will read it and inform the mobile and you can hear a

voice alarm "Motion Detected".

Figure 2.6: Motion Sensor

2.3.1.3 Mobile Phone

Today’s technology make the possessing of a mobile a basic commodity and

the trends in wireless technology is changing from day to day. Today the emphasis is

on how to develop remote devices operate without the presence of man in order to

reduce the time factor and labor, and thus making the controlling of any electronic

devices through a touch cell phone with one SMS is possible. So this project used the

mobile phone as a GSM Modem. It is a multi-functional, ready to use, rugged unit

that can be embedded or plugged into any application. The mobile phone can be

controlled and customized to various levels by using the standard AT Command. For

this project K770i Sony Ericson are chosen as a mobile phone. This mobile phone is

support with GSM.

14

2.3.1.4 MAX232 and D9

MAX232 was created for one purpose, to interface between Data Terminal

Equipment (DTE) and Data Communications Equipment (DCE) employing serial

binary data interchange. So as stated the DTE is the terminal or computer and the

DCE is the modem or other communications device. MAX232 is an IC which is used

to change signals from a RS-232 serial to match the circuit it interfaces with.

Figure 2.8: Pin Assignments of MAX232 IC

The D-subminiature-9 or D-sub-9 is an electrical connector which is

commonly used in computers. The RS-232 serial port is using D-sub-9 to connect

with PC. In this case, the D-sub-9 female is used to connect with male D-sub-9

connector at PC.

Figure 2.9: D-9 Connecter Configuration

15

2.3.1.5 RS-232 Serial Port

RS-232 is a popular communication protocol for connecting modems and

data acquisition devices to computer. RS-232 is limited to point-to-point connection

between PC serial ports and devices. Its hardware can be used for serial

communication up to distances of 50 feet. A nine pin D plug has become the

standard fitting for the serial ports of PC. The pin connection uses are shown in

Table 2.2. The connector on the PC has male pins. Therefore the mating cable needs

to terminate in a DB9/F (female pin) connector.

In RS-232, user data is sent as a time-series of bits. Both synchronous and

asynchronous transmissions are supported by the standard. Each data or control

circuit only operates in one direction, which is, signaling from a Data Terminal

Equipment (DTE) to the attached Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) or the

reverse.

Figure 2.10: RS-232 PC Connector

Pin1 = Input, Data Carrier Detect (DCD)

Pin2 = Input, Received Data (RXD)

Pin3 = Output, Transmitted Data (TXD)

Pin4 = Output, Data Terminal Ready (DTR)

Pin5 = Signal Ground

Pin6 = Input, Data Set Ready (DSR)

Pin7 = Output, Request to Send (RTS)

Pin8 = Input, Clear To Send (CTS)

Pin9 = Input, Ring Indicator (RI)

16

2.3.2 Software Review

2.3.2.1 MikroC

MikroC is an advanced and comprehensive C compiler for PIC MCUs. It

supports languages such as assembly, ANSI (with minor modifications) and so on.

The output format is usually in assembly, Binary or Hex. Applications for PIC can be

developed quickly and easily with many practical examples provided in MikroC. The

MikroC includes a number of useful implemented tools to help in developing the

application more quickly and comfortably.

For example:

1. USART Terminal

MikroC includes USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver

Transmitter) terminal for RS232 communication - baud rate control, RTS and

DTR commands.

2. EEPROM Editor

Built- in EEPROM Editor allow you to easily manage EEPROM of PIC

microcontroller.

3. ASCII Chart

ASCII Chart is a handy tool, particularly useful when working with LCD display.

4. MicroBootloader

This is a function to burn the program in hex file into the PIC through the

specified Boot loader to the respective PIC.

17

2.3.2.2 Microsoft Visual Basic 2008

The traditional languages are considered as procedural language where the

program specifies the exact sequence of all operations. Program logic determines the

next instruction to execute in response to response to conditions and user request.

Microsoft Visual Basic uses a different approach, which is object oriented

programming. It is an event driven programming language where programs are no

longer procedural or does not follow a sequential logic. This software allows the

designed programs run under the windows without complexity associated with

windows programming. Standard windows buttons can be hold on design screen

such as command buttons, text boxes and so on. Each of these windows objects

produces a standard user interface that makes the program becomes user friendly.

2.3.2.3 Overview of GSM Technology

GSM stands for Global System for Mobile communication. It is a huge,

rapidly expanding and successful technology. During the period of Evolution of

mobile communication technologies various systems were introduced and deployed

to achieve standardization in mobile industry but all the efforts were failed. Multiple

issues were sustained like incompatibility of systems, development of digital radio

frequency. That is when GSM Technology was introduced and problems like

standardization, incompatibility etc were overcame. TDMA solution was chosen in

1987, it is narrowband system and TDMA standards for Time Division Multiple

access.

18

2.3.2.4 Advantages of GSM

The advantages of GSM are:

1. GSM uses radio frequencies efficiently and due to the digital radio path, the

system tolerates more intercell disturbances.

2. The average speech quality is better than in analogue system.

3. Data transmission is supported throughout the GSM system.

4. Speech is encrypted and subscriber information security is guaranteed.

5. With ISDN compatibility new services are offered.

6. International roaming is technically possible within all country using the

GSM system.

7. The large market increases competition and lowers prices both for investment

and usage.

2.3.2.5 GSM Modem

A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless

network. A wireless modem is similar to a dial up modem. The main differences

between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed copper

telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves

or wireless networks.

There are three different types of GSM Modem, and it can be categorized as follows:

1. A GSM modem can be an external modem device, such as the Wave com

FASTRACK Modem. External modem can be connected through a serial

port, a USB port, a Bluetooth link or an infrared link. The actual way to

19

use depends on the capability of the GSM modem. Need to insert a GSM

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card into this modem.

2. A GSM modem can be a PC Card/PCMCIA Card installed in a notebook

computer, such as the Nokia Card Phone.

3. A GSM modem could also be a standard GSM hand phone with the

appropriate cable and software driver to connect to a serial port on your

computer.

2.3.2.6 AT COMMAND

AT command is the command uses to control the GSM modem or mobile

phone to perform task for example SMS sending or phone calling. In this project, AT

command is only used to send out the SMS. The AT commands held a very

important role in this project as the project key advantage is focus on the auto SMS

function.

The AT command can be write and tested through the hyper terminal. Before

the writing of AT command, the mobile has to test in order to determine which type

of SMS mode it is supporting. The SMS mode is divided is into 2 types, one is called

PDU mode and another is called text mode. For PDU mode, the message content that

wish to send has to convert to HEX code before sending is made. For text mode,

SMS can simply be the alphabet format that we written normally. There are also

mobile phones that support type of SMS mode. Therefore it’s easier if mobile phone

that supports both modes is used.

20

The AT command set was developed by Hayes Microcomputer Products and

this command is recognized by virtually all modems. The modem supports the

standard and extended Hayes AT command set. In addition to this common set of

standard AT commands, mobile phones and GSM modems support an extended set

of AT commands. One use of the extended AT commands is to control the sending

and receiving of SMS messages. These extended AT commands are defined in the

GSM standards.

Extended AT commands allow us to:

1. Reading, writing and deleting SMS messages.

2. Sending SMS messages.

3. Monitoring the signal strength.

4. Monitoring the charging status and charge level of the battery.

5. Reading, writing and searching phone book entries.

Table 2.1: Example of AT COMMAND

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY


Before starting the project, it is important to determine the methodology used

to make sure this project is a success. So in this chapter will discuss about the

methods and approaches that have been used from the beginning until the end of this

project.

3.2 Stage of Methodology and Approach

Below show the methodology and approach for this project:

Figure 3.1: Flow of Methodology

Make a research and study Planning

Hardware implementation Software implementation

Analysis and test

22

3.3 The work flow for the whole project

3.3.1 Make a research and study

In this stage, gather the information about the project via Internet, journals,

magazines, published work and reference books. So searching more information

relating wireless home security system is very important for begin this project. From

there, the important features of good wireless home security system can be

indentifying. Besides that, Full understanding and literature review on wireless home

system are needed.

Then in this stage, Survey has been done on wireless home security system

and wireless home appliances control products available in the market. It is very

important because their features are deeply analyzed and then it can be implemented

in my project. Below are the wireless home security system products in the market:

1. Night GUARDIAN Motion Sensor Light

Night GUARDIAN Motion Light Sensors enhance convenience and security by

automatically turning on one or more lights or other devices whenever presence is

detected. They are designed for use with one or more lights up to 600 watts. With no

minimum load requirement they can be used with low wattage appliances such as

fluorescent lamps, alarms and video cameras.

23

2. Techko Solar Powered Magnetic Sensor Entry Alarm

Features

1. Use on non-tinted transparent windows, sliding non-tinted transparent doors

facing sunlight

2. Built in 90dB alarm

3. No tools installation

4. Ultra thin design

3. Hi-Res Varifocal Indoor Day/Night Dome Camera

This camera offers crisp clear images designed for most interior security

applications. This camera is a UN Ultra Low Light Camera offering Back Light

compensation, Automatic Gain control, Auto White Balance, Motion detection, and

Programmable Privacy Zones.

24

4. Glass Break Detector

Features

1. Adjustable and shock sensitive.

2. Cover a large area of windows.

3. Radius coverage is 50 Feet.

4. Range: 240 feet restricted - 450 feet unrestricted.

Next, the concept of Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) needs

to be understood. This concept is very important because the project will be used the

system as a main system. Furthermore, theory in how SMS is being transmitted and

the protocol of mobile phone also needed to be understood. This can be done by

doing a lot of literature reviews. Therefore also went through the relevant thesis done

by previous graduates in UTM and other projects that are related with this project.

3.3.2 Planning

In this stage, the previous works related to this project are studied and

analyzed in order to determine the disadvantages in their researches or projects.

Then, the lacking features in their works are improved and implemented in this

project.

25

Next, search more information about the suitable components that will be

used in this project. This process really takes a time since need to decide the exact

components for the project. In this step, facing difficulty in getting some of the

desired components.

Then, make analyzed the information about the component and choose the

suitable component for this project.

After the analyzed below the important component that will be used for this

project:

1. PIC 16F877A

2. IC MAXIM 232

3. MAX 232 converter

4. Mobile Phone

5. Magnetic contact sensor

6. Motion sensor

7. Fan

8. LED as a lamp

Therefore to planning the process or step for my project is very important.

The planning process is creating by using the grant chat.

26

Below the grant chart that show the planning.

FINAL YEAR PROJECT 1 (FYP 1)

Figure 3.2: The Grant Chart for FYP 1

FINAL YEAR PROJECT 2 (FYP 2)

Figure 3.3: The Grant Chart for FYP 2

No Tasks/activities December January February March

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1 Project overview

2 Hardware develop

3 Software develop

4 Hardware and

software

implementation

5 Analysis and test

6 Thesis writing

7 Final presentation

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1 Briefing on FYP

2 Determine topic of interest

3 Discuss topic with supervisor

4 Literature review

5 Submit proposal

6 Study on technology related

7 Presentation preparation

8 Determine hardware to purchase

9 Thesis writing

10 Submit thesis for FYP 1

July August September October

HA

RI R

AY

A B

RE

AK

No Tasks/activities

27

3.3.3 Hardware Implementation

To design this project, the circuit design and hardware development play an

important role. Where, all the hardware part such as sensor, PIC16F877A

microcontroller and voltage regulator are combined together.

Besides that, the availability of the hardware and its cost are considered in

choosing the components. Cost is important in this project since this system is

targeted on a low cost product.

Then, the hardware is studied based on the theories and its interfacing with

other components.

3.3.3.1 Voltage regulator

Figure 3.4: The Circuit of Voltage Regulator

LM 7805

Voltage regulator Switch ON/OFF

Power Supply Button master reset

Power Indicator

28

The main component to design the voltage regulator is LM 7805 voltage

regulator. The LM7805 will generate some heat at the power supply. The power

source is from the battery or AC to DC adaptor. Normally the power supply is from

9V to 12V. LM7805 (1A maximum) will regulate the given voltage to 5V (VCC) to

supply to the PIC16F877A and pull-up the push button (input). The purpose of using

diode IN4007 (D1) is for circuit protection in case the polarity of the power source is

incorrect. All the capacitor is use to stabilize the voltage input and output of the

LM7805. D2 is a green Light Emitter Diode (LED) as power indicator.

3.3.3.2 Reset (MCLR)

The PIC 16F877A differentiates various kind of reset which includes:

1. Power-on Reset (POR)

2. MCLR Reset during normal operation

3. MCLR Reset during Sleep

4. WDT Reset (during normal operation)

5. WDT Wake-up (during Sleep)

6. Brown-out Reset (BOR)

Some registers are not affected in any Reset condition. Their status is

unknown on POR and unchanged in any other Reset. Most other registers are reset to

a “Reset state” on Power-on Reset (POR), on the MCLR and WDT Reset, on MCLR

Reset during Sleep and Brownout Reset (BOR). They are not affected by a WDT

wake-up which is viewed as the resumption of normal operation.

29

From the various kind of reset available in the microcontroller, MCLR is

concerned in this project. The PIC 16F877A has a noise filter in the MCLR Reset

path. The filter will detect and ignore small pulses. It should be noted that a WDT

Reset does not drive MCLR pin low. Voltages applied to the pin that exceed its

specification can result in both Resets and current consumption outside of device

specification during the Reset event. For this reason, it is recommended that the

MCLR pin no longer be tied directly to VDD.

3.3.3.3 Interface PIC16F876A with PIR Sensor

Figure 3.5: The Placement of Motion Sensor in a Hardware Prototype

Figure 3.6: The Circuit of

Motion Sensor to PIC

30

Output pin from PIR sensor can be connected to Port B I/O pin 2 from

PIC16F877A while the Vcc pin and GND pin should be connected to 5V and GND

respectively. In this project, the PIR sensor is function as to detect the intruder in the

home. This is part for the security system in the home.

3.3.3.4 Interface PIC16F876A with magnetic contact sensor

Figure 3.7: The Placement of Magnetic Contact Sensor in a Hardware

Prototype

Figure 3.8: The Circuit of

Magnetic Contact Sensor to PIC

31

The function of magnetic sensor is same with motion sensor. But the

magnetic sensor is connected to Port B I/O pin 1 from PIC16F877A. The magnetic

sensor is installed at the door in the home.

3.3.3.5 Interface PIC16F877A with fan and lamp

Figure 3.9: The Placement of Fan and Lamp in a Hardware Prototype

The 8 LED is to combine as a lamp is connected to port d with PIC16F877A

and a fan is connected to port B at pin 4. In this project both are as appliances to

control using mobile phone. Both will be function if the mobile phone gives the

command.

3.3.3.6 Interface PIC16F877A with Buzzer

Figure 3.10: The Circuit of Fan

and Lamp to PIC

32

The base of 2N2222 (transistor) can be connected to any I/O pin through a

1K Ohm resistor and the emitter should be connected to GND. Negative terminal

(black wire) of buzzer should be connected with collector transistor (2N2222) and

positive terminal (red wire) should be connected to Vcc as shown in schematic

diagram.

3.3.3.7 In circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) for Programming PIC

Microcontroller

Figure 3.11: The Connected of USB Programmer

In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) is used for loading program in this

project. ICSP offers a convenience way to load program into PIC microcontroller

without removing the PIC from the circuit board. So pin 1 (Vpp), pin 27 (PGC) and

pin 28 (PGD) from PIC should be connected to USB In Circuit Programmer

(UIC00A) through the external cable. Besides, GND from the circuit board also

should be connected with GND from UIC00A and pin 34 (PGM) should be pulled to

GND through a 10K resistor as shown Figure 3.11.

33

3.3.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Circuit

Figure 3.12: The Serial Communication Interface Circuit

The Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART)

module is one of the two serial I/O modules. USART is also known as a Serial

Communication Interface (SCI). The USART can be configured as a full-duplex

asynchronous system that can communicate with peripheral devices such as CRT

terminals and personal computer, or it can be configured as a half duplex

synchronous system that can communicate with peripheral devices such as A/D or

D/A integrated circuits, serial EEPROM, and others.

The USART can be configured in the following modes:

1. Asynchronous (full-duplex)

2. Synchronous – Master (half-duplex)

3. Synchronous – Slave (half-duplex)

DB-9

(Female) To PIC

IC

MAX 232

34

Bit SPEN in Receive Status and Control Register (RCTA) and bit TRISC

have to be set in order to configure pins RC6/TX/CK and RC7/RX/DT as the

Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter. The Baud Rate

Generator (BRG) supports both the asynchronous and synchronous modes of the

USART. It is a dedicated 8-bit baud rate generator. Given the desired baud rate and

oscillator’s frequency (Fosc), the nearest integer value for the SPBRG register in the

microcontroller can be calculated using the formula in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Baud Rate formula

Figure 3.13: The Hardware Prototype

35

3.3.4 Software Implementation

The software is used for simulation and programming purposes. Besides that,

software is required to program the microcontroller. The software is very important

so that the system can be operated. Therefore it is take time to determine the software

goanna be used.

Besides that, this project is designed to enable it to communicate with the

computer and the mobile phone device. So the suitable software is needed to

communicate there. Then, in this stage also the programming for this project must be

written and simulated to the hardware.

Therefore, below is the software used in this project:

1. For PIC microcontroller the MicroC is used to the hardware with create

programming.

2. The Proteus (ISIS 6 Professional) used to design the circuit for hardware

part.

3. To design the Graphic User Interface with the Visual Basic 2008.

4. To make a connection between computer and hardware to mobile phone

(GSM modem) is Using AT command and need know the protocol of this

mobile phone.

36

3.3.4.1 Programming the Hardware using MicroC

Below is the step to make programming the hardware:

Step 1: Open the microC compiler for PIC

Step 2: Create the programming and save

37

Step 3: After the program had successfully been compiled, a .hex file will appear for

both software. This file format then will be used in PICkit 2 Programmer to

be “burn” into the microcontroller by using suitable programmer device

preferred by the user.

Figure 3.14: PICkit 2 Software Interface

Figure 3.15: USB ICSP Programmer Device

38

3.3.4.2 Motion Sensor Programming

Programming

39

Figure 3.16: Flow Chart for Motion Sensor programming

Alarm (Buzzer) still active

but data not send to PC

No

Yes

Transmitted 1 byte

data (B) to PC

PC sends Message

(SMS) to phone

Reset

button

pressed?

PIR

sensor

set?

Alarm (Buzzer)

active

No

Yes

Delay 15

Seconds

Alarm set (LED

blink in low

frequency). Wait

for PIR set.

Start

Switch

button

pressed?

No

Yes

40

3.3.4.3 Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming

Programming

41

Figure 3.17: Flow Chart for Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming

Alarm (Buzzer) still active

but data not send to PC

No

Yes

Transmitted 1 byte

data (B) to PC

PC sends Message

(SMS) to phone

Reset

button

pressed?

Magnetic

sensor

set?

Alarm (Buzzer)

active

No

Yes

Delay 15

Seconds

Alarm set (LED

blink in low

frequency). Wait

for Magnetic set.

Start

Switch

button

pressed?

No

Yes

42

3.3.4.4 Home Appliances ( Fan and Lamp) Programming

Programming

Flow chart

Figure 3.18: Flow Chart for ON/OFF Lamp

Start

Type “ON Lamp”

from Mobile

Phone

Send to number

Phone

(Setting in GUI)

Lamp in hardware

and GUI will light

Start

Type “OFF

Lamp”

from Mobile

Phone

Send to number

Phone

(Setting in GUI)

Lamp in hardware

and GUI will light

43

Figure 3.19: Flow Chart for ON/OFF Fan

3.3.4.5 Graphic User Interface

Figure 3.20: Main of Graphic User Interface

Start

Type “OFF Fan”

from Mobile

Phone

Send to number

Phone

(Setting in GUI)

Lamp in hardware

and GUI will light

Start

Type “ON Fan”

from Mobile

Phone

Send to number

Phone

(Setting in GUI)

Lamp in hardware

and GUI will light

44

Figure 3.21: Output of Graphic User Interface

3.3.5 Analysis and Testing

In this final stage, the system hardware is analysed and tested to improve the

system. Besides that, this system is imagined as a real system to figure out the

problems that could face when implemented in a home.

3.3.5.1 Testing the AT COMMAND

The AT commands can be written and tested through the use of hyper

terminal. The setup of hyper terminal has to be done like shown in Figure 3.22,

Figure 3.23 and Figure 3.24.

45

Figure 3.22: The Hyper Terminal Connection Setup

Figure 3.23: Hyper Terminal Com Port Setup

46

Figure 3.24: The Interface for Write AT Command

Figure 3.25: Testing the AT Command

AT command that written and tested will then being written into the visual basic

program in order to control using the mobile phone.

CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS


This chapter discusses the result and discussion for this project. These

chapters also discuss how the project works.

4.2 The Block Diagram for This Project

Figure 4.1: The Block Diagram for Security System

Hardware Computer Mobile Phone

48

Figure 4.2: The Block Diagram for Home Appliances Control

4.3 How Does it Work?

1. If the intruder through the door the magnetic sensor will work and the

buzzer will sound.

2. The hardware will send the 1 byte data (A) using USART programming to

the GUI in the computer.

3. Then from GUI in the computer will send the SMS to home owner mobile

phone to inform the thief is occur.

4. If the thief not through the door the motion sensor will work and the buzzer

will sound. The process is same like magnetic sensor.

5. While for case to control a lamp by using the mobile phone also, When the

home owner type “ON LAMP” in the create message at the mobile phone

and send to the mobile phone (is connected with computer using usb cable)

so the switch “ON” for a lamp in the system will become a green colour,

Mobile Phone Computer

Lamp

Fan

49

the lamp in a hardware and in a GUI will light and “ON LAMP” the

textbox in the system show “ON LAMP”.

6. For case off a lamp also, but the textbox will show “OFF LAMP” and lamp

in a hardware and in a GUI will non active.

7. While the process for the cases of on and off fan are same with the on and

off lamp.

4.3 The Result for This Project

4.3.1 For the security system

Figure 4.3: The Main System

This is a main system for this project. When the system is run the figure

4.3.will appears.

50

Figure 4.4: The Login This System

The user must be fill in the username and the password to login this system.

Figure 4.5: The Output Graphical User Interface

Enter your

username and

password

51

The system was in the output interfacing. In the figure the sensor are motion

and magnetic is one group. While the home appliances are grouped in a one group.

The home appliances are a lamp and a fan. Both has one button for on and off

respectively. The system also has a message box and a com port to determine the

value of serial port. The run and stop button is for timer. The exit button is to exit

this system.

Figure 4.6: The System show user chosen the Com Port

The user must to choose the com port for serial port to run this system.

52

Figure 4.7: The Hardware Prototype

Figure 4.8: The System Show When the Magnetic Contact Sensor is Active

53

Button on power supply in the hardware is pressed and then pressed the

pushbutton. If the intruders open the door the button of magnetic contact sensor will

become a green colour. In the message box is appear message “ Perhatian!!! Rumah

anda telah dicerobohi.Sila ambil tindakan lanjut.” . Then the systems send this

message to the owner number of mobile phone. When the owner received this

message the message “Message Sent!” appears in the system.

Figure…..

Figure 4.9: The System Show When the Motion Sensor is Active

Button on power supply in the hardware is pressed and then pressed the

pushbutton. If the thief occur which the intruder entered the house through the roof

or other doors, the button of motion sensor will become a green colour. In the

message box is appear message “ Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah dicerobohi.Sila

ambil tindakan lanjut.” . Then the systems send this message to the owner number of

mobile phone. When the owner received this message the message “Message Sent!”

appears in the system.

54

4.3.2 For the Wireless Home Appliances Control

Figure 4.10: The Hardware Prototype Show a Lamp is Light

Figure 4.11: The System Show a Lamp is Light

These Figure 4.10 and Figure 4.11 are show both a lamp in hardware and in

system light when the home owners send message “ON LAMP” from the mobile

phone.

55

Figure 4.12: The System Show a lamp is non active

The Figure 4.12 show a lamp in the system is non active when the home

owners send message “OFF LAMP” from a mobile phone. It also occurs at a lamp in

the hardware.

Figure 4.13: The Hardware Prototype Show a fan is Active

56

Figure 4.14: The System Show a fan is Active

These Figure 4.13 and Figure 4.14 show both a fan in the hardware and in the

system is active when the home owners send message “ON FAN” from the mobile

phone.

Figure 4.15: The System Show a Fan is Non Active

57

The Figure 4.15 show a fan in the system is non active when the home

owners send message “OFF FAN” from a mobile phone. It also occurs at a fan in the

hardware.

4.3.3 To Exit the System

Figure 4.16: The System Show When the Exit Button Pressed

When the home owner pressed the exit button the message is appear. In the

message the yes button for closed the system and no button for go to main of the

system.

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

This project can be concluded that the target to control home appliances

remotely using the SMS-based system and develop the security system based GSM

has achieved. GSM technology capable solution has proved to be controlled

remotely, provide home security and is cost-effective as compared to the previously

existing systems. Hence we can conclude that the required goals and objectives of

GSM-based wireless home appliances control and security system have been

achieved. The security and home appliances control has been implemented.

To summary the project that the project was developed to make a home

security from the intruder. The system in this project will be informed to home

owners if the theft is occurred. This project also was developed that could be used to

control electrical appliances through a mobile phone. The appliances are a lamp and

a fan.

59

5.2 The Limitations

The limitations of this project are this project only has two sensors to detect

the intruder. So this project can be implementing in a small house that have a narrow

space. Besides that, others limitation is the project only control not real appliances.

5.3 Suggestion and Future Development

Since this project is important to reduce the theft and robbery cases in

Malaysia by providing advanced feature at low cost, some recommendations to

improve this project are hereby proposed. Some of the suggestions to future

development are listed as below:

1. Connecting more device

To develop the system that connecting to more devices. So the system can

improve this project. It is because these projects are connected to two sensor

and two appliances.

2. Can control more appliances.

To develop that project to control more of appliances like washing machine,

television, air condition and others of electrical appliances.

3. Another sensor could be added to the system

More of sensor can be installed to home like smoke detector, motion

detector, light sensor and other sensor.

60

REFERENCES

1. AFZAHANIFF HUSSIN ( MAY 2008 ). Security and control system. Bachelor

degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

2. LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM ( MAY 2009 ). Wireless home security

system. Bachelor degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

3. MOHD ROSLI BIN MAMAT ( 2007 ). ‘Sistem Penggera Keselamatan Rumah

Kediaman Mudah Dan Pintar’. Bachelor degree. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

Skudai.

4. CHAN HWOH CHUENG ( MAY 2009 ). Wireless home security system.

Bachelor degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

5. CHUN-PAI JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG CAO ( 2004). Home security system.

Cornell University.

6. PRIYANKA. Monitoring and controlling of device using GSM. India

7. John Iovine, PIC microcontroller project book, McGraw-Hill, New York,

2000.

8. PIC 16F877A Manual Datasheet, Microchip Technology Inc.

www.microchip.com

9. http://www.developershome.com

10. http://en.wikipedia.org

http://www.microchip.com/

http://www.developershome.com/

61

APPENDIX A

Main Board Circuit Schematic

62

APPENDIX B

The Programming for Hardware

#define magnetic_sensor PORTB.F1

#define motion_sensor PORTB.F2

#define switch_button PORTA.F0

#define lamp PORTD

#define fan PORTB.F4

#define LED PORTC.F4

#define buzzer PORTC.F0

void main ()

{

unsigned int mode;

unsigned int mode_1,mode_2;

unsigned long temp1,temp2;

unsigned char data;

ADCON1 = 0x06;

TRISA = 0b11111111; // set Port A as Input

TRISB = 0b11101111; // set Port B as Input except port 4

TRISC = 0b00000000; // set Port C as Output

TRISD = 0b00000000; // set Port D as Output

Usart_Init (9600);

delay_ms(100);

/*RESET ALL OUTPUT*/

mode = 0;

mode_1=0;

mode_2=0;

lamp=0;

LED=0;

buzzer=0;

fan=0;

do

{

if(Usart_Data_Ready ())

{

data = Usart_Read();

if(data=='L')

{

lamp = 255;

63

delay_ms(2000);

}

else if(data =='P')

{

lamp = 0;

}

else if (data =='F')

{

fan = 1;

delay_ms(2000);

}

else if (data == 'N')

{

fan =0;

}

}

if(switch_button == 0)

{

while(switch_button == 0);

Delay_ms(500);

mode = 1;

}

if ((mode == 1)&&(mode_1!=3))

{

mode_1=1;

temp1=0;

mode = 0;

}

if ((motion_sensor==1)&&(mode_1==2))

{

Usart_Write ('A');

Delay_ms(50);

mode_1=3;

}

if ((magnetic_sensor==1)&&(mode_1==2))

{

Usart_Write ('B');

Delay_ms(50);

mode_1=3;

}

switch(mode_1)

{

case 1:

LED=1;

temp1+=1;

if(temp1<40000) buzzer=1; //Buzzer is funtion

else if(temp1>60000)

{

64

temp1=0;

mode_1=2;

}

else buzzer=0;

break;

case 2:

temp2+=1;

//PORTD.F2 = 0; /*test funtion*/

buzzer = 0;

if(temp2<10000)

LED=1; //LED blink

else if(temp2<100000)

LED=0;

else temp2=0;

break;

case 3:

temp2+=1;

//PORTD = 0xFF; /*test funtion*/

//PORTD.F5 = 0; PORTD.F6 = 0; /*test funtion*/

if(temp2<40000) //LED blink & buzzer are funtion

{

LED=1;

buzzer=1;

}

else if(temp2<60000)

{

LED=0;

buzzer=0;

}

else temp2=0;

break;

default:

break;

}

}

while(1);

}

65

APPENDIX C

The Programming for Interfacing

Public Class OUTPUT

Private Sub OUTPUT_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load

MAIN.Hide()

Dim COMPort As String()

COMPort = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()

For Each port In COMPort

ComboBox1.Items.Add(port)

Next

End Sub

Private Sub control_Enter(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles control.Enter

End Sub

Dim Q As Queue(Of String) = New Queue(Of String)

Dim DataRead As String = 0

Dim objSMS As mCore.SMS

Dim strmyMessage As String

Private Sub SerialPort1_DataReceived(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e

As System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs) Handles

SerialPort1.DataReceived

Timer1.Start()

DataRead = SerialPort1.ReadExisting

If (DataRead = "A") Then

MOTION.BackColor = Color.Green

End If

If (DataRead = "B") Then

MAGNETIC.BackColor = Color.Green

End If

objSMS = CreateObject("mCore.SMS")

If objSMS.LogSize > 100 Then

objSMS.ClearLog(10)

End If

66

objSMS.LogType = 2

objSMS.Port = "COM6"

objSMS.BaudRate = 9600

objSMS.Character = 0

objSMS.LongMessage = 3

strmyMessage = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila ambil tindakan

lanjut. "

objSMS.SendSMS("+60129215921", strmyMessage)

If Not objSMS.IsError(True) Then

MessageBox.Show("Message Sent!")

End If

objSMS = Nothing

End Sub

Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick

SyncLock DataRead

If DataRead.Equals("A") Then

Dim strInput As String = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila

ambil tindakan lanjut. "

TextBox1.Text = strInput

DataRead = 0

End If

If DataRead.Equals("B") Then

Dim strInput As String = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila

ambil tindakan lanjut. "

TextBox1.Text = strInput

DataRead = 0

End If

End SyncLock

End Sub

Dim iResponse As Integer

Dim LampOn As String = 0

Dim LampOff As String = 0

Dim FanOn As String = 0

Dim FanOff As String = 0

Private Sub ComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object,

ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.SelectedIndexChanged

SerialPort1.Close()

SerialPort1.PortName = ComboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString()

If SerialPort1.IsOpen() Then

SerialPort1.Close()

Else

SerialPort1.Open()

MessageBox.Show("Port1 Open")

67

End If

End Sub

Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click

Timer1.Stop()

SerialPort1.Close()

End Sub



Timer1.Start()

End Sub



Button5.BackColor = Color.Green

LampOn = "L"

TextBox1.Text = "ON LAMP"

SerialPort1.Write(LampOn)

PictureBox1.Visible = False

PictureBox3.Visible = True

End Sub



Button5.BackColor = Color.Empty



TextBox1.Clear()

Button6.BackColor = Color.Red

LampOff = "P"

TextBox1.Text = "OFF LAMP"

SerialPort1.Write(LampOff)



End Sub



Timer2.Start()

Timer3.Start()

Timer4.Start()

Timer3.Enabled = False


Button1.BackColor = Color.Green

FanOn = "F"

TextBox1.Text = "ON FAN"

SerialPort1.Write(FanOn)

68

End Sub



Timer2.Stop()

Timer3.Stop()

Timer4.Stop()

Button2.BackColor = Color.Red

FanOff = "N"

TextBox1.Text = "OFF FAN"

SerialPort1.Write(FanOff)


End Sub





Timer4.Enabled = True


End Sub







End Sub







End Sub End Class

69

APPENDIX D

The Project Prototype

thesis microc loges war an

Documents