things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, the blood-dimmed...
TRANSCRIPT
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhereThe ceremony of innocence is drowned;The best lack all conviction, while the worstAre full of passionate intensity.--W.B. Yeats, "The Second Coming" (1919)
QUIZ pp. 732-737
1. What happened on November 11, 1918?
2. What did Karl Leibknecht and Rosa Luxumburg attempt to do?
3. What was organized in 1919 to conclude a final settlement of the Great War?
4. Who was Georges Clemenceau and what did he want?
5. What did President Wilson want to create to prevent future wars?
6. What was article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles and who hated it?
7. What were some of the new nation-states that were created after WW I?
QUIZ ANSWERS
1. THE ARMISTICE/END OF WW I2. ATTEMPTED COMMUNIST REV IN
GERMANY3. THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE 19194. LEADER OF FRANCE – SECURITY/REVENGE5. THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS6. THE WAR GUILT CLAUSE – GERMANY7. LITHUANIA, LATVIA, ESTONIA, POLAND,
AUSTRIA, HUNGARY, YUGOSLAVIA
WW I AND COLLAPSE OF EMPIRES
Swept away by World War I
I. The Imperial German EmpireII. Imperial RussiaIII. The Austro-Hungarian EmpireIV. The Ottoman Empire
THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE 1919
The Big 41. Woodrow Wilson – USA
The 14 PointsIdealismDemocracyNational Self-determinationLeague of Nations
2. David-Lloyd George – BritainMake Germany pay for the costs of the war
3. Georges Clemenceau– FranceSecurity/Protection against
GermanyRevenge
4. Vittorio Orlando – ItalyLand grabNot a major play at the conference
* Germany and Russia not invited
THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
THE WAR GUILT CLAUSE = Article 231 = Germany is blamed for causing the war
REPARATIONS Restrictions on Germany military power Demilitarization of the Rhine Alsace and Lorraine returned to France
“THE DICTAT” – Germans called it the forced peace
CREATION OF A NEW NATIONS
FINLAND LATVIA LITHUANIA ESTONIA POLAND AUSTRIA HUNGARY CZECHOSLOVAKIA YUGOSLAVIA
THE MIDDLE EAST AND THE END OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
1. Modern Turkey replaces the Ottoman Empire
2. KEMAL ATTATURK = the founder and first leader of modern Turkey
3. Arabs are promised new states in the Middle East
a. new boundaries drawn – artificialb. new countries createdc. British and French Mandates