third meeting, university of zagreb faculty of forestry
TRANSCRIPT
14th – 16th June 2016 – Zagreb
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Forest Biomass as a Renewable Source of Energy in Croatia Dinko Vusić , Tomislav Poršinsky, Zlatko Benković
Fuelwood (and other solid biofuels) supply in Croatia
• Trends in production, import, export and domestic supply (Energy in Croatia 1945–2011)
• 26 PJ use of energy from biomass set as a 2020 goal (Energy Strategy of the Republic of Croatia, 2009)
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Pre-mechanization period – Early days of timber harvesting – up to 1870s
• Production of wood (semi)products in the forest; Local use of firewood; Charcoal production
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Pre-mechanization period – Introduction of railroad transport – 1870s
• Establishment of wood processing industry; Delivering firewood to market
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Mechanization period – Introduction of chainsaw, skidder and forwarder – 1960s & 1970s
• Siginficant rationalization in roundwood harvesting; Traditional firewood production and transport
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Mechanization period – Introduction of chainsaw, skidder and forwarder
• Designing of present roundwood harvesting systems
• Assortment (buck-to-quality) method • Half-tree-length method
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Mechanization period – Introduction of chainsaw, skidder and forwarder
• Problem of firewood and pulpwood transport
• Production of 1-meter firewood and pulpwood at all felling sites
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Mechanization period – Harvesting systems tune-up – 1980’s
• Integration of fuelwood and pulpwood production with the production of sawlogs and veneer logs
• Half-tree-length method; buck-to-quality for sawlogs and veneer logs and cut-to-length for fuelwood and pulpwood
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
New products on the market – Competition for the same raw material – from 2007
• 113 producers of palletized firewood • 20 producers of pellets
• 7 producers of wood chips
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Production of wood chips – Lowland regeneration felling sites
• Implementing chippers into present roundwood harvesting system
• Chipping of seasoned crown biomass
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Croatian forests as a raw material base for wood fuel production
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Pro
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ctio
n, 1
03 m
3n
et
Year
Fuelwood&Pulpwood
Firewood
• production on 78% of total forest area; average 10-year production ≈718.000 m3 net; average 10-year share ≈ 32%
• Production of firewood by local population in state forests („Croatian Forests” Ltd. Annual report)
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Biomass power plants in Croatia
• problem of efficient surplus thermal energy use
• NREAP for Croatia & Overview of projects entered in the RERCPPP Registry
Stage Number of
plants Total power,
MWel
NREAP plan for 2020 ≈ 85.00
Operational in 2015 10 24.59
Projects in the RERCPPP R. 103 238.01
Power per plant, MWel (for all projects in the RERCPP Registry)
Minimum Maximum Average Mode
0.06 20.00 2.31 1.00
Instaled power, MWel
≤ 0.3 0.3–2 2 – 5 5–10 >10
Feed-in tariff, kn/kWh
1.3 1.20 1.15 1.05 0.90
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Trends in wood chips and pellets production
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Wo
od
pel
lets
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3 t
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Installed capacity
Production
Export
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Wo
od
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ips,
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• ≈55% use of installed capacity in 2014
• Statistical data overview (Annual energy report – Energy in Croatia; JFSQ, JWEE)
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Production of wood chips – Conifer plantations
• Implementing modern machinery into traditional operational surrounding (buck-to-quality)
• Chipping of seasoned energy wood and slash
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Croatian forests as a raw material base for wood fuel production
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Fuelw
oo
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Export
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lds
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od
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arco
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ust
ry
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3 n
et
• 2013 production in state forests (Kuric, 2014) • 2014 planned sales stucture in state forests (Kuric, 2014)
• ≈86% used for energy production • ≈66% fuelwood : 34% pulpwood
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Potential of forest biomass in Croatia 2006–2015
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Regenerationfellings
Thinnings Selection fellings
Fuel
wo
od
&P
ulp
wo
od
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3 m
3n
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Private forests
State forests
• ≈14% of total production is from private forests
• Planned annual production of fuelwood and pulpwood in state and private forests of Croatia (ŠGOP)
Share in gross volume, % State Private
Regeneration fellings 37,90 54,95
Thinnings 55,71 61,72
Selection fellings 33,43 41,17
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Potential of forest biomass in Croatia 2016–2025 & 2026–2045
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Regenerationfellings
Thinnings Selection fellings
Fuel
wo
od
&P
ulp
wo
od
, 10
3 m
3n
et Private forests
State forests
• ≈7% increase compared to 2006–2015
• Projected annual production of fuelwood and pulpwood in state and private forests of Croatia (ŠGOP)
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200
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Regenerationfellings
Thinnings Selection fellings
Fuel
wo
od
&P
ulp
wo
od
, 10
3 m
3n
et Private forests
State forests
2016–2025 2026–2045
• ≈9% increase compared to 2006–2015
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Wood chips production – future challenges
• greater use of recycled wood • SRC and pre-comercial thinnings • »more heat with less wood«
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Round fuelwood and pulpwood production – future challenges
• establishing new forest plantations • intensified harvesting • redesigning harvesting systems
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry
Thank you for your attention
UNECE/FAO Team of Specialists on Wood Energy Third Meeting, University of Zagreb – Faculty of Forestry