this ppt originally appeared on the langley secondary school website at
TRANSCRIPT
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This ppt originally appeared on the Langley Secondary School website at http://www.langley-sec.solihull.sch.uk/documents/history/revision/prohibition.ppt. This site went down in July 2010, so I have copied it here.
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Prohibition
The 18th Amendment
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What was ‘Prohibition’?
• A law called the Volstead Act introduced in the USA in January 1920.
• It banned the manufacture, sale and transport of alcohol.
• The federal government had the power to enforce this law.
• It theory the USA became ‘dry’. • It has since become known as the ‘noble
experiment’.
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Why was prohibition introduced?
1. It already existed in many states
2. Moral reasons
3. Campaigners like the Anti-Saloon League of America
4. The First World War
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What is the message of this cartoon? (6)
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What is the message of this cartoon? (6)
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What is the message of this cartoon? (6)
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What is the message of this cartoon? (6)
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What were the effects of prohibition?
1. Speakeasies
2. Moonshine
3. Smuggling
4. Organised crime
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Speakeasies• Secret saloon bars opened
up in cellars and back rooms.
• They had names like the ‘Dizzy Club’ and drinkers had to give a password or knock at the door in code to be let in.
• Speakeasies sold ‘bootleg’ alcohol, smuggled into America from abroad.
• Before Prohibition there were 15,000 bars in New York. By 1926 there were 30,000 speakeasies!
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Moonshine
• A spirit made secretly in home made stills.
• Several hundred people a year died from this during the 1920s.
• In 1929 it is estimated that 700 million gallons of beer were produced in American homes.
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‘Bootleggers’• Smugglers called
‘Bootleggers’ made thousands of dollars bringing in illegal alcohol to America.
• America has thousands of miles of frontiers so it proved easy.
• Famous smugglers like William McCoy made fortunes by bringing alcohol from the West Indies and Canada.
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Organised Crime
• The enormous profits to b made attracted gangsters who started to take control of many cities.
• They bribed the police, judges and politicians.
• They controlled the speakeasies and the distilleries, and ruthlessly exterminated their rivals.
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Al Capone• By 1927 he was earning
some $60 million a year from bootlegging.
• His gang was like a private army. He had 700 men under his control.
• He was responsible for over 500 murders.
• On 14th February 1929, Capone’s men dressed as police officers murdered 7 members of a rival gang. This became known as the ‘Valentine’s Day Massacre.’