thohoyandou botanical garden and nzg construction ... · provide the risk assessment and specific...

THOHOYANDOU BOTANICAL GARDEN AND NZG CONSTRUCTION/RENOVATION BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT

1. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

The Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1993, and its relevant regulations, require employers to do baseline risk assessment for planned construction work and provide the risk assessment and specific health and safety specification to the principal contractor. The objective of this this baseline risk assessment is to inform the Principal contractor of the occupational health and safety risk factors to which persons will be exposed when renovating / demolition of structures/building. Measurements must be taken and the identified problems addressed by the employer. Improved conditions ensure better worker morale, loyalty and greater productivity. All construction and maintenance activities can subject workers to levels of environmental stressors and safety factors, e.g. noise, fumes and hazardous substances, revolving machinery, tools, moving vehicles, electricity, etc., which permanently harm the health and physical wellbeing of persons at work and greatly reduce productivity

2. SITE DESCRIPTION Main administration block, staff ablutions and education centre in the Thohoyandou Botanical Garden. The site has offices which will be in operation during construction work. The following are possible hazards which are related to construction and renovation work;

1. Physical hazards 2. Biological hazards 3. Chemical hazards

Other possible risks includes:

Collision with plant, equipment and other vehicles.

Collision with pedestrians and visitors

Injury to public from falling objects

Because of high density of people, noise and dust.

Special attention and consideration should be prearranged regarding the continued use of surrounding area for parking purposes and normal work during Construction period.

4. STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS Section 8 of the OCCCUPATIONAL HEALTH and SAFETY ACT 1993 (Act no. 85 of 1993), requires inter alia that the employer shall establish as far as is reasonably practicable, what the hazards to the health and safety of persons are attached to any work which is performed, further establish what precautionary measures should be taken with respect to such work and he shall provide the necessary means to apply such precautionary measures. The construction regulations 2014 further requires that a baseline risk assessment for an intended construction work project be compiled and a suitable, sufficiently documented and coherent site specific health and safety specification for the intended construction work based on the baseline risk assessment to be prepared.

5. Hazards identification. Based on the nature of work to be undertaken and the risks attached to it, the following must be complied with in order to ensure health and safety of both SANBI employees and visitors.

Agreed programme of work with clear completion time per phase to allow employees to organise alternative accommodation.

Clearly defined designated access route to and from work area/offices

Ensure all debris is removed from walkways and disposed of safely.

Daily inspection to be carried out by contractors.

Clear signage for visitors to main entrance / other services

Advise employees of restricted access to construction areas during team information sharing.

Contractors instructed not to engage in conversation with staff but to report to Centre manager if staff breach area.

Adequate supervision in the vicinity of the work area.

Contractors’ vehicles not permitted into grounds.

Pedestrian walkways maintained

Obtain Permission from SANBI Centre manager for Construction work undertaken out of normal working hours.

Hot work permit to be obtained first for any welding activities inside the building.

Adhere to emergency and evacuation procedures.

All construction employees must wear hard hat, coveralls, safety boots, high visibility vests and any other PPE as determined by risks attached to their activities.

NB/ Below is baseline risk assessment (not exhaustive) which must be supplemented by your activities risk assessment.

BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT Centre Name: THOHOYANDOU BG/NZG

STEP 1.

Operation Name: RENOVATION AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Year: 2018 Area:

Activity / Task Description:

Construction and renovation

STEP 2. STEP 3. STEP 4.

STEP

5.

STEP 6.

STEP 7. STEP 8.

STEP 9

Ref

No.

SPECIFIC TASK / ACTIVITY STEPS

IDENTIFIED POTENTIAL HAZARDS

RISK

CLASS

RISK RANKING

RISK CONTROL MEASURES

Hierarchy of Control – Elimination, Substitution, Isolation, Engineering, Administration, Personal Protection.

Additional information can be attached.

RESIDUAL RISK

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Site clearing & and establishment -manual labour & small tools.

Tools/machinery Noise, Dust

Injuries due to improper use of tools. Hearing impairment,

S H

3 4 12 Full safety plan for the entire project Communication Use proper PPE Develop WSWP

2 3 6

The disregard of the public’s health and safety could result in injuries or even fatalities with associated claims and reputation risks

S 4 4 16 The principal contractor will responsible for ensuring that non-employees affected by the construction work are made aware of the dangers likely to arise from said construction work as well as the precautionary measures to be observed to avoid or minimise those dangers. This includes among others: a. Non- employees entering the site for

3 3 9

Construction activities

whatever reason; b. The surrounding community; and c. Passers-by the site. Appropriate signage must be posted to this effect and all employees on site must be instructed to ensure that non-employees are protected at all times. All non-employees entering the site must receive site applicable induction into the hazards and risks and the control measures for these

Excavations - using manual

labour &motorised plan

Excavations - working inside >

1.5 metres

Tools, Underground services

Injuries, Damages to underground cables and pipelines, electrocution, Engulfment

S 3 3 9 Do task risk assessment before Develop WSWP Do toolbox talks All excavation work to comply with the following: a. Excavation work must be carried out under the supervision of a competent person with at least two years practical experience in excavation work who has been appointed in writing. b. Before excavation work begins the stability of the ground must be evaluated.

2 3 6

Batching plants - erection /

dismantle and general working

Loadings and unsafe maintenance condition

Stuck Injuries due to falling material

S 3 4 12 Detailed consideration to be given to all batching plant to ensure that it is properly planned to meet the working requirements, designed to carry the necessary loadings and maintained in a sound condition. It must also be ensured that there is sufficient material

2 3 6

Concrete mixing - using

manual labour and using

mechanical means

Noise, Dust Slippery surfaces

Inhalation Hearing impairment

H 3 4 12 WSWP 2 3 6

Concrete pours - using lifting Falling objects Injuries due hit S 3 4 12 WSWP 2 3 6

machinery (Cranes etc) by falling objects

Concrete pours - using

motorised plant (dumpers etc)

and mechanical pumps

Falling objects, Concrete, Slippery surfaces, Noise

Injuries due to slips and hit by objects

S 3 4 12 WSWP 2 3 6

Lifting Equipment - Tower

crane erection / operation and

dismantle

Tools, working at height Load

Injuries S 4 4 16 Use trained operators Inspect and test cranes as required WSWP Every lifting machine operator must be trained specifically for the type of lifting machine that he or she is operating.

2 4 8

Lifting Equipment - Forklift

operation and lifting tackle

Noise, Load

Hearing impairment, Collision and falling load Injuries

S H

3 4 12 Use trained operators Develop WSWP Regular tests and inspection

2 3 6

Formwork - general erection /

dismantling and lifting and

placing large panels, work on

support decks

Tools, working at height, load, unsecured deck

Injuries due to falling tools and load or deck collapse

S H

3 4 12 Use trained erectors Develop and follow WSWP

2 3 6

Scaffolding - erect / dismantle

small scaffolds < 2 m

Tools, working at height, load, unsecured deck

Injuries due to falling tools and load or deck collapse

S 3 4 12 Only skilled employees to be allowed to erect structures and that the skills of these employees are being verified at regular intervals. Steps to be taken to ensure that no structure becomes unstable or collapses due to construction work

Develop and follow WSWP

2 3 6

Demolition - using small

electric breakers, compressed

Noise, electrocution, dust,

Inhalation, Hearing

S H

4 4 16 Risk assessment Use trained employees

3 3 9

air breakers, motorised

mechanical means,

explosives/blasting

falling objects Asbestos

impairment and injuries

Develop WSWP Communication Demolition work to be carried out under the supervision of a competent person who has been appointed in writing. A detailed structural engineering survey of the structure to be demolished to be carried out and a method statement on the procedure to be followed in demolishing the structure to be developed by a competent person, before any demolition to be commenced.

Trades - Brickwork operations

and plastering operation

Cement dust, Bricks, tools, Working at height

Skin damages, Inhalation and injuries due to falling objects

S H

4 4 16 Risk assessment Training Develop WSWP Toolbox talks

3 3 9

Trades - Painting operations

Working at height, paint

Inhalation, Falling

S H

4 4 16 Risk assessment WSWP and toolbox talk Training

3 3 9

Trades - Ceiling operations Working at height, Tools

Injuries due to slips and fall

S 3 4 12 Risk assessment WSWP and toolbox talk

2 3 6

Trades - Roofing installations

Working at height Injuries due to falls

S 4 4 16 Risk assessment Fall protection plan Where work on roofs is carried out, the risk assessment must take into account the possibility of persons falling through fragile material, i.e. skylights and openings in the roof.

3 3 9

Trades - glazing installations Working at height, Tools

Injuries due to slips and fall

S 3 4 12 Risk assessment WSWP and toolbox talk

2 3 6

Trades - Tiling operations

Tools, talon Skin damage, Muscular pain due to bending

S 3 3 9 Risk assessment WSWP

Trades - Metal work (Doors /

Noise, Tools, cutting

Hearing impairment,

S H

4 4 16 Risk assessment WSWP

2 3 6

windows) and steel erection machines, Welders, Working at height

Eye damage due to glare Falling injuries

Trades - plumbing Tools, Manual handling

Muscular pain, Injuries


2 2 4

Large plant - Earthmoving

equipment

Large plant - Material handling equipment

General site operations -

Welding

The unsafe use of welding and flame cutting equipment could result in employees and other persons suffering from burns or even result in fires that could cause injuries and fatalities as well as damage to property with subsequent claims and costs

S H

4 4 16 1. A competent person to be appointed to supervise welding, flame cutting or similar operations on site. 2. The following rules to govern all welding and flame cutting or similar operations: a. The welder will be trained regarding the safe use/operation of the equipment. b. The welder and his assistant will be provided with effective and appropriate personal protective equipment and/or clothing. c. Cables and electrode holders will be effectively insulated. d. The workplace will be effectively screened off to prevent bystanders from being affected by the welding rays

3 3 9


Grinding

Noise, flying objects

Eye injuries, Hearing impairement

S H


2 3 6


Flame cutting

Flame and fumes Burns Fumes inhalation

S H


2 3 6


Drilling

Noise, drill, dust Inhalation, hearing impairment

S H


2 3 6


Compaction equipment

Noise, vibration Muscular pains, damage to property like glasses

S 3 3 9 WSWP 2 2 4

General site operations - Steel

fixing

Steel material, Electricity Working at height

Falling, Injuries due to improper handling of materials

S 3 4 12 Risk assessment WSWP PPE

2 3 6

General site operations - Stacking and storage

Unsecured material Unsafe stacking and storage practices may result in stacked items collapsing with subsequent injuries or even fatalities as well as asset damage with associated losses and costs.

S 3 4 12 The principal contractor to ensure that: a. A competent person is appointed in writing to supervise all stacking and storage on a construction site; b. Adequate storage areas are provided and demarcated; c. The storage areas are kept neat and under control; d. The height of any stack does not exceed 3 times the base unless stepped back at least half the depth of a single container at least every fifth tier or the approval of an inspector of the Department of Labour has been obtained to build the stacks higher with the aid of a machine. (The operator of the machine must be protected against items falling from overhead or off the stack and no items may overhang);

2 3 6


Housekeeping

Poor housekeeping may impact negatively on productivity, result in employees/persons tripping and falling or even

S 3 4 12 The principal contractor to ensure that: a. Housekeeping is continuously implemented and maintained; b. Materials and equipment is properly stored; c. Scrap, waste and debris is removed off site regularly; d. Materials placed for use are placed

2 3 6

cause a fire with subsequent asset damage and cost/claims as well as reputation exposures.

safely and not allowed to accumulate or cause obstruction to the free-flow of pedestrians and vehicular traffic; e. Where practicable, construction sites are fenced off to prevent entry of unauthorised persons; f. An unimpeded work space is maintained for every employee


Working under power lines

Electricity

Electrocution S 3 4 12 Risk asessment WSWP

2 3 6

General site operations - Dry

wall partitioning

Tools, Dust Noise

Inhalation Hearing impairment


2 3 6


electrical installation and

Electrical and mechanical

lockout

Electricity

Unsafe electrical installations could result in employees and other persons being electrocuted with subsequent injuries or even fatalities as well as asset damage due to fire with subsequent costs and reputation risks.

S 4 4 16

Any electrical work undertaken as part of the project, including the installation of temporary electricity for construction use shall be in accordance with Construction Regulation and the Electrical Installation Regulations. The principal contractor to ensure that:

1. Existing services are to be located and clearly marked before construction commences and during the progress thereof;

2. All contractors on site must be informed of and adhere to this lockout procedure.

3 3 9


paving

Bricks, tools, Surface preparation

Injuries due to tools handling, Muscular pains

S 3 4 12 Risk assessment, WSWP

2 3 6


landscaping

Machinery Noise, Tools

Struck injuries Dust Muscular strains


HCS - flammable liquid

storage and use

Flammable liquids The unsafe use and/or storage of flammables could result in fires or explosions with subsequent injuries or even fatalities as well as asset damage due to fire with subsequent costs and reputation risks.

S H

3 4 12 The principal contractor to ensure that: a. The risk of fire is avoided; b. Sufficient and suitable storage of flammables is provided; c. All employees are instructed in the use of the firefighting equipment and know how to attempt to extinguish a fire; d. A sufficient number of employees are appointed and trained to act as an emergency team to deal with fires and other emergencies; e. Employees are informed regarding emergency evacuation procedures and escape routes; f. Emergency escape routes are kept clear at all times and clearly marked; g. Evacuation assembly points are demarcated and made known to employees;

2 3 6

HCS - Diesel tanks storage

and use

HCS - Hazardous Chemical

substance storage / use

Chemicals The unsafe use of hazardous chemical substances could result in fires with subsequent injuries or even fatalities as well as asset damage due to fire with subsequent costs/claims.

H 4 4 16 The principal contractor to ensure that: a. Employees receive the necessary information and training to be able to use, handle and store hazardous chemical substances safely; b. The risk assessments required in terms of Construction Regulation 9 include employee exposure to hazardous chemical substances and that the necessary measures be taken to protect persons from being detrimentally affected by hazardous chemical substances present or used

3 3 9

Spilled chemical substances may also impact negatively on the health of employees and other persons or negative implications for the environment including legal and claim exposures.

in the workplace;

Construction of car parking

Tools/machinery Material Unsafe access

Injuries due to material handling


2 3 6

Install irrigation system

Tools, materials Trenches

Muscular strain due manual handling Injuries due to improper handling of materials

S 3 4 12 Risk assessment WSWP PPE

2 3 6

STEP

10. Highest Remaining Residual Risk

5

STEP 11.

Risk assessment prepared by:

Risk assessment trained person =

Mulaudzi Tshavheni Edward

Date: 11/06/2018

Other participant names =

Consultation conducted with: Affected South African National Biodiversity Institute employees WSWP to be

developed? Yes / No

Residual Risk

APPROVAL REQUIRED TO PROCEED Approval Signature

Approval Date:

Extreme (E)

Stop Activity and seek approval from the SANBI OHS responsible person/Project manage

High (H) Approval must be obtained from Responsible site manager and when all control measures are in place.

Moderate (M)

Work can commence after supervisors’ approval and all control measures are in place

Low (L) Work can commence when the supervisor/SHE rep has approved this risk assessment, & all identified control measures are in place.

Responsible site manager must approve Risk Assessment if it is used to develop a WSWP.

* Discretion for OHS/Project manager to approve Extreme / High risk work to proceed only applies where there is a risk to production loss/plant. This

discretion does not apply to work if the Ext/High residual risk relates to the potential for personal injury or environment risk. In this case work

should stop and seek professional safety advice.

RISK CALCULATOR (Risk Rating = Consequences x Likelihood)

LIKELIHOOD

CONSEQUENCE

Insignificant (1) Minor (2) Moderate (3) Major (4) Catastrophic (5)

Almost Certain (5) M (11) H (13) E (20) E (23) E (25)

Likely (4) M (7) H (12) H (17) E (21) E (24)

Possible (3) L (4) M (8) H 16) E (18) E (22)

Unlikely (2) L (2) L (5) M (9) H (15) E (19)

Rare (1) L (1) L (3) M (6) M (10) H (14)

STEP QUICK GUIDE OF WHAT

TO DO MORE DETAILED INFORMATION ON EACH PROJECT/TASK RISK ASSESSMENT STEP

1. Complete a description of the Activity / Task

At the top of the risk assessment record the task name, a brief description of the task, and the relevant work area and section. Keep as simple as possible, but with enough information to identify the task.

If the Risk Assessment is being used to develop a Safe Work Procedure (WSWP), the risk assessment task name should correspond with the title of the WSWP.

2. Detail specific task steps In the first column “Ref No.” write the step no. starting from 1. Up until however many steps/tasks there are in the task. If

applicable, these should align with any associated WSWP to enable cross referencing. List each of the specific tasks, activities and/or steps associated with the activity/task that will be undertaken.

3.

Identify potential Hazards for each Task/Activity in Step 2.

Use Hazard Prompt Sheet (Appendix 2) for help.

In the column next to listed tasks/activities, identify all potential hazards relevant to each item. Record each hazard on a separate line.

A common mistake is to refer to a hazard as the actual harm or the health effects it caused rather than the hazard. E.g. If the task was hosing down an area, the hazard is the wet floor not the potential harm caused e.g. fall / cut knee.

If no hazards are found for a task/step or the risk has been addressed in a previous hazard, the task still needs to be listed to show it has been considered, and to keep the steps/tasks in line with any associated WSWP.

4.

Evaluate the possible Consequence of the Hazard

Use Risk Calculator above

Simply put if someone was exposed to the hazard, what would be the reasonable consequence? It is not always the “worst” case scenario; e.g. if you fell 1m off a ladder you could be killed as an extreme (e.g. land on your head), but the most likely consequence would be you might sprain your wrist or break a leg. Therefore the consequence is more likely to be moderate rather than catastrophic.

5.

Evaluate the Likelihood of that Consequence


Ask yourself will it ever happen; if so what factors are needed for it to happen, and how often would those factors be around. Then ask yourself what you think the reasonable frequency would be, before determining the Likelihood.

6.

Determine Risk Ratings of hazards


Determine each hazard’s risk rating by intersecting the “Consequence” and “Likelihood” levels on the Risk Calculator table.

7. Identify Controls to reduce hazard risk

Control measures need to reduce hazard risk ratings to an acceptable level if the current risk level is unacceptable; aim for a low risk.

Apply the Hierarchy of Control when determining control measures

8. Evaluate the Residual Risk (risk rating with controls in place)

After control measures have been identified, you need to reassess each hazards risk rating to determine what the remaining risk would be with the controls in place from Step 7 (follow the principles in Steps 4 & 5 above).

The aim is to achieve a Low Risk; if not achieved review controls again and/or ask for help.

9. Determine highest remaining residual risk

If the highest residual risk on the risk assessment is a Low Risk, or a Moderate Risk the task/project can commence once all control measures are in place and the risk assessment has been reviewed and approved.

If a High or Extreme risk still remains, then the task/project must not commence and further review must be undertaken involving the Budget Centre manager/ Senior Management Team such as SHEQ (an Elected Safety Representative should also be involved). Exemption: In exceptional circumstances, if the “Ext” or “High” risk rating does not apply to personal injury or environmental damage (e.g. potential for property damage only), and project/site manager in consultation with the OHS believe it is an acceptable risk for the Company, the task may be approved. This does not apply for Personal injury or Environmental risks; an “M” (Moderate) risk is the highest ranking allowable.

10. Approval / WSWP development

Once the risk assessment is complete, all participants should record their name at the bottom of the sheet, document any consultation that was had (e.g. tabled at SHE Committee) and the project/site manager or delegate should sign off the task for approval.

Specify if a safe work procedure (SWP) is required to be developed (e.g. for routine / regular tasks). If yes, this should be done in accordance with the Minimum Standard - Safe Work Procedure Development.

11. Sign on / off All persons involved in a project/task must acknowledge they have read and understood a risk assessment and agree

to comply with all steps and control measures.

12. Document Actioners Reference the initials of the person responsible for ensuring a particular control is implemented before progressing with

the task/project.

APPENDIX 2 Example Hazard Prompt Sheet Centre Name: General

ACTIVITY / TASK PREPARATION CONSIDERATIONS INCLUDE:

Minimum PPE

Safety glasses Double eye / Face shield Earplugs (Specify class:

___________) Helmet High-visibility Safety boots Long sleeves/trousers

Emergency Response /

Plant / Equipment /

Access

1st aid equipment/Trained first aiders

Fire equipment Other emergency response Chemicals approved for job Chemical/Oil spill kit Vehicular type / access / parking Amenities / Facilities / Hours of

Training / Competency

/ Compliance

High risk licenses Certificates of competency Experience Induction training required Project / Area Supervisor Any relevant legislation Consultation / Notifications Any literacy issues

Coveralls Respirator (Specify type:

__________) UV protection (Hat, glasses, etc) Gloves (Specify type:

_____________) Other:

work Signage / Barricades Communication equipment Registered plant

POTENTIAL HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTIVITY/TASK RESULTING FROM (but not limited to):

CATEGORY CONSIDER CATEGORY CONSIDER CATEGORY CONSIDER

Chainsaw

A chain brake A chain catcher A throttle lock A rear hand guard Anti-vibration rubbers. An exhaust muffler An anti-kickback chain.

Manual Handling

(Ergonomic) / Human / Muscular

Repetition / Overuse High / Low reach High force / Heavy loads Awkward / Unbalanced loads Pushing / Pulling / Twisting Carrying & walking Over exertion (e.g. fatigue) Design / Layout Personal characteristics e.g.

height

Mechanical

Unguarded moving parts (e.g. crush)

Drawing in / cutting points (e.g. nips)

Impact and crushing areas Uncontrolled movement Tearing / Shearing (e.g.

abrasions) Unsafe access Auto-start equipment Inadequate isolation points Hand & power tool condition Stored energy (e.g. vessels) Failure of plant (e.g. loss of

load, plant ejection, collapse, fragmentation)

Emergency Working alone / Remote work

Fire / Explosion

Inappropriate chemical storage/use Self-ignition combustibles (e.g. dust) Fire (e.g. burns)

Thermal

Steam / Condensate Hot or cold materials/surfaces Heat stress / Cold

Gravitational

Injured by people or objects falling

Working at height / Unguarded edge Struck by falling/lowering object Rolling/Sliding objects Ascending/Descending stairs / ramp /

ladders / platform / mobile equipment Lifting equipment (e.g. crane, sling) Holes/Gaps or Slip/Trip hazards Scaffolding Unbalanced ladders Structural failure / Exceeding load

ratings

Chemical / Environment

Hazardous Subs/Dangerous Goods

Inadequate storage/bunds/labelling

Gas / Dust / Fumes (e.g. explosion)

Poor ventilation Inhalation / Absorption / Skin

contact Waste/Contamination e.g.

soil/water/air

Pressure

Compressed gases Hydraulic / Vacuum HP steam / Water

General Work Area

Time of day and illumination/glare

Wet / Slippery / Uneven surfaces

Weather & outdoors e.g. wind, UV, fog

Unauthorised personnel entry Noise / Vibration Biological – fluids, sharps,

insects Inadequate

maintenance/inspections Restricted work area

Procedural Inadequate training / experience Incorrect equipment selection /

use

Kinetic Energy /

Traffic / pedestrian interaction Vehicle instability e.g. rollover

Electrical

Hazards resulting in electrocution / burns; E.g. Cables: Unsafe condition/location No earth leakage protection High voltage / Switch rooms

Mobile Plant /

Pedestrians

Exceeding rated capacity Obstructed / Poor Visibility Being hit by the activities of

another person, moving vehicle or object

Any foreseeable abnormal conditions?

Any other hazardous conditions?

Dead trees Sharp slash points

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